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Found 6423 publications

Crisis, institutional change and peripheral industrialization: Municipal-central state relations and changing dependencies in three old industrial towns of Hungary

Ernő Molnár Gergő Gajzágó Melinda Mihály Erika Nagy

Publication Name: Applied Geography

Publication Date: 2021-11-01

Volume: 136

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This paper aims to discuss radical changes, institutional responses and their socio-spatial consequences by focusing on reorganisation of institutional settings of local economic development after the global financial crisis (2008). We focus on the complexity of institutional change and social relations driving those in three old industrial towns (Dunaújváros, Martfű and Tatabánya in Hungary) that faced a functional, cognitive and political lock-in in the 1990s, and emerged as spaces of encounter of global production networks, governmental development policies and local society in the 2000s. This entailed a complex and dynamic assembly of various interests and strategies, providing a scope for local institutional experimentations that were interrupted by the global crisis and the resulting macro-structural changes. We place municipal agency, its uneasy, contested and changing relation to the central state in the focus. We discuss how the introduction of a new regulative system and institutional-spatial hierarchies in Hungary after the 2008 crisis enhanced central state power, and how that was mobilized to develop a new regime in which communities were losing control over their resources, and local assets were being channelled in peripheral industrialization orchestrated by the central government. Discussing municipal agency in a strategic-relational approach allows us to highlight the depth and multiple consequences of the crisis locally beyond market relations, giving an insight in the spatial rearrangement of power in relation to peripheral industrialization.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2021.102576

Country performance in e-sport: Social and economic development determinants

Valerii Yatsenko Tamás Gyömörei Mariia Kashcha

Publication Name: Journal of International Studies

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 4

Page Range: 226-240

Description:

The article examines the cases of 18 countries that have been consistently ranked by Esports Earnings over the past ten years to find the social and economic determinants that may determine a country’s success in the international e-sports arena. In the study, indicators of a country’s cybersports success consider the annual volume of prizes won by its e-sportsmen, the ranking place in the world rankings and the total number of e-sportsmen. The hypothesis about the possible influence of a number of macroeconomic indicators, as well as the characteristics of the overall level of social stability on the development of e-sports within the country, was put forward and verified. The scientific landscape of research on cybersports, published in Scopus (by prevailing research topics, the geography of research network leaders, and the evolution of scientific search), was structured using the VOSviewer toolkit. By means of canonical analysis, pairwise relationships in the chain “economic development – social development – e-sports development,” as well as determinants with strong intragroup and intergroup relationships, have been revealed; and these relationships were quantified in the aggregate by means of structural modeling. The results of the calculations showed that the economic stability of the country rather than social stability has a greater influence on its success in the international e-sports arena. The most relevant indicators of economic development, considering success in e-sports, are GDP, unemployment rate and direct foreign investments, social development – poverty rate, population migration and Gini coefficient.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14254/2071-8330.2022/15-4/14

Impact of using colored pigments on rigid concrete pavements

Ziyad N. Aldoski Ismael H.Mosa Albarwary

Publication Name: Aip Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-06-18

Volume: 2944

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Concrete is one of the leading construction materials known for its strength and durability. However, it is an aesthetically unfriendly and somewhat boring material due to its dull gray color that should be covered or painted. Recently, there has been a growing use of colored concrete materials by adding colored pigments to the mixture. In the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI), there is a need to incorporate full-depth colored concrete into streets and roadways projects, especially for road ramps, cycle lanes, pedestrian crosswalks, sidewalks, and car parking spaces for disabled people, etc. This research aims to manufacture colored concrete pavement that might provide more durable, longer-lasting colored concrete features by adding a suitable pigment amount. This study examined concrete's compressive and tensile strength for M2O grade concrete colored with (0, 3, 5, 7, and 9) percent of red iron oxide pigment. The dosage of added coloring is referenced to the weight of the binder (cement). Test results show that adding color pigment to the concrete does not significantly affect its mechanical properties, and the colored concrete can be used for structural purposes. It is concluded that the optimal dosages of color pigment for the concrete are 5% in the fresh state and 7% in the hardened condition. Finally, using colored concrete in road facilities planning will be a safe, convenient, and economical way to control traffic conflicts.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1063/5.0204575

Measuring the impacts of suburbanization with ecological footprint calculations

Kondor Attila Csaba Szabó Balázs Gabor Harangozo Szigeti Cecília Krisztián Koppány Kovács Zoltán

Publication Name: Cities

Publication Date: 2020-06-01

Volume: 101

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In this paper we present a complex Ecological Footprint (EF) analysis of one of the largest metropolitan regions in post-socialist East Central Europe, the Budapest Metropolitan Region. Our overall goal is to use both top-down and bottom-up approaches and measure the changes of footprint at a metropolitan scale between 2003 and 2013. Our specific objective is to explore how the spatial rearrangements of wealth, density and consumption influence the spatiotemporal changes of EF. The top-down (compound) calculations indicate growing footprint values both in Hungary and in the Budapest Metropolitan Region in the investigated period. However, household-level hybrid (component-based) calculations revealed decreasing footprint values for Hungary both in absolute and relative terms, and a growth for the metropolitan region. This finding suggests growing income disparities within the country. The indirect (consumption embedded) components of EF findings show that in the core city footprint values are higher due to higher disposable income. However, there is a gradual catching up in the suburban zone as younger and more affluent households arrive. On the other hand, direct per capita footprint values decreased in Budapest and grew in the suburbs between 2003 and 2013, mainly due to a higher heating footprint.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2020.102715

Contribution to the multi-machine pedestal scaling from the COMPASS tokamak

M. Berta M. Aftanas J. Varju M. Komm J. Havlicek D. Naydenkova M. Peterka P. Háček O. Grover M. Imrišek J. Urban P. Vondráček E. Stefanikova O. Bogár J. Krbec K. Mitošinková M. Sos P. B. Snyder P. Bilková M. Hron P. Böhm R. Pánek V. Weinzettl J. Stöckel L. Frassinetti

Publication Name: Nuclear Fusion

Publication Date: 2017-04-06

Volume: 57

Issue: 5

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

First systematic measurements of pedestal structure during Ohmic and NBI-assisted Type I ELMy H-modes were performed on the COMPASS tokamak in two dedicated experimental campaigns during 2015 and 2016. By adjusting the NBI heating and a toroidal magnetic field, the electron pedestal temperature was increased from 200 eV up to 300 eV, which allowed reaching pedestal collisionality v∗ ped < 1 at q95 ∼3. COMPASS has approached conditions for the Identity experiment done at JET and DIII-D, complementing the range of scanned p∗ ped. The pedestal pressure was successfully reproduced by the EPED model. The dependence of pedestal pressure width on v∗ ped and βpol ped is discussed.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/aa6659

Improving performance prediction of parallel and distributed discrete event simulation: A rough sets-based approach

László Muka István Derka

Publication Name: 11th International Industrial Simulation Conference 2013 Isc 2013

Publication Date: 2013-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 95-100

Description:

The rapid growth of complexity of communication networks - including grids, cloud systems and services - increases the need for the use and performance prediction of parallel and distributed discrete event simulation. The paper aims at the decreasing the overall cost of simulation by improving the performance prediction of simulation particularly for the phases with uncertain and vague information. Involving rough sets-based methods, the paper introduces how the efficiency of the well known coupling factor method of the performance prediction of parallel and distributed simulation can be improved. According to the presented results, the prediction can merely be based on the maintainable lookahead feature of the designed simulation model. Using the rough set analysis, the paper also describes how the number of simulation experiments necessary for prediction can be limited without the decrease of accuracy of prediction.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Urbanization, Industrialization, and Energy Transition: An Empirical Analysis of Life Expectancy in a Developing Economy

Pasquale Marcello Falcone Md Hasanur Rahman Fariha Akter Lucky Syeda Sajia Afroz Rumpa

Publication Name: Sustainable Development

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Urbanization is a defining feature of contemporary development, shaping economic opportunities, social structures, and health outcomes. This study examines the influence of urbanization on life expectancy in Bangladesh, with particular attention to the role of the energy mix and industrialization. Using annual data from 1971 to 2024 and applying the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model based on results of the unit root test, where some variables are stationary at level I(0) and some are at first difference I(1), the analysis explores both short- and long-run dynamics. The results indicate that a 1% increase in urbanization raises life expectancy by 0.09% in the short run. Moreover, non-renewable energy consumption and industrialization are found to exert a positive impact on life expectancy due to extensive contribution to national development, where industrialization depends on energy consumption and industrialization leads the economic development in Bangladesh. On the other hand, renewable energy has failed to raise life expectancy due to lack of renewable energy access in Bangladesh. In addition, in the long run, urbanization has a positive impact, where a 1% increase of urbanization leads to raise life expectancy 0.10%. By linking urbanization, energy use, and industrial development, this research addresses a gap in the literature regarding their combined effect on human longevity in developing contexts. The study's findings have suggested policy implications for developing countries to improve urban residents' life expectancy by considering the aim of sustainable development goals (SDGs) 3, 7, and 11.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/sd.70825

What are the conditions to become smart? A systematic analysis of the smart city strategy and smart city development activities of Budapest

Roland Zsolt Szabó Máté Csukás

Publication Name: Informacios Tarsadalom

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 22

Issue: 2

Page Range: 9-26

Description:

Smart cities (SCs) became a key mission in the European Union’s biggest research programme (Horizon Europe). The urban transition to smartness, making smart decisions and strengthening capabilities for resilience are appreciating today, with such external shocks as the COVID-19 pandemic. Finding the way to become smart is more important than ever. Since literature is mostly engaged with excellent cases, in this paper we analyse the SC strategy of a less-well-performing city: Budapest in Hungary, Central Eastern Europe, using a case-study methodology. We reveal that in the case of Budapest the SC strategy uses a top-down approach that over-weighs the deployment of technological solutions to manage urban sustainability issues rather than using a bottom-up and holistic approach. The framework conditions for implementing the SC strategy are rather neglected. In the case of the model for cooperation, Budapest adopts a double-helix model rather than a triple- or quadruple-helix model.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.22503/inftars.XXII.2022.2.1

Application of Digitalisation in Regulated Environments for Predictive Failure Modelling

John Cosgrove Samuel Carvalho Frank Doyle Zsolt Kovács

Publication Name: IFAC Papersonline

Publication Date: 2024-06-01

Volume: 58

Issue: 8

Page Range: 222-227

Description:

This paper explores the challenges of applying digitalization in regulated pharmaceutical manufacturing environments. A large range of complex equipment including pumps, valves and vessels may be associated with pharmaceutical batch production processes. Maintenance of such equipment are often based on reactive or preventative strategies which are not always effective and not completely successful in preventing costly downtime or scrap. This research examines how predictive maintenance Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) can be developed through data capture using non-intrusive sensors and their integration with production data derived from Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, and Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) systems. The significance of regulation and the associated challenges in applying digitalization within such a highly regulated environment are also considered. This research aims to shed light on the potential benefits and challenges of implementing digital solutions for predictive maintenance in regulated manufacturing environments to contribute to the enhancement of operational efficiency and product quality while reducing costs due to outages.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2024.08.124