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Found 6289 publications

New distance measures of complex Fermatean fuzzy sets with applications in decision making and clustering problems

Dragan Pamucar Muhammet Deveci Tapan Senapati Ronald R. Yager Zhe Liu Sijia Zhu Zhe Liu Zhe Liu

Publication Name: Information Sciences

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 686

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Complex Fermatean fuzzy sets (CFFSs) integrate the ideas of complex fuzzy sets and Fermatean fuzzy sets, where the membership, non-membership, and hesitancy degrees are all complex numbers, allowing the express uncertain information more flexibly and comprehensively. However, how to reasonably measure the discrepancies between CFFSs in decision-making remains an open task. This paper presents a series of new distance measures of CFFSs and their weighted versions based on Hamming, Euclidean, Hausdorff, and Hellinger distances. On this basis, we explore some outstanding properties that the proposed measures satisfy (i.e., boundedness, nondegeneracy, symmetry, and triangular inequality) and demonstrate their effectiveness through several examples. Furthermore, we design a decision-making algorithm as well as a clustering algorithm based on the proposed measures and verify the performance of the proposed measures through several applications.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2024.121310

How realistic a bicycle simulator can be? - A validation study

A. Borsos Ágoston Pál Sándor Amira Hammami

Publication Name: Multimodal Transportation

Publication Date: 2025-03-01

Volume: 4

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The aim of this research is to objectively and subjectively validate the virtual reality Bicycle Simulator (BS) developed using off-the-shelf components at the University of Győr, Hungary. To this end, this research compares the performance of 32 participants in two real-world environments (Site 1: separated bicycle-pedestrian path and Site 2: advisory bicycle lane) and in their replication in virtual reality (VR). The objective measures collected for the comparison include speed and Cumulative Lateral Position (CLP), whereas subjective measures include the Perceived Level of Realism (PLR) based on participants’ self-reported perceptions in a post-experiment questionnaire. PLR is a new indicator that we propose using subjects' perceptions of speed, BS control, and VR representation. The combination of these subjective and objective measures is proposed as the Degree of Realism (DR) to standardise the classification of the realism level of a bicycle simulator. Subjectively, the results indicate that the BS provides a high level of safety and comfort for conducting such research. Subject characteristics have no significant influence on VR sickness scores or Perceived Level of Realism. Objectively, for both speed and CLP, we found no significant difference between on-site and the simulation measurements in the case of Site 1, but otherwise for Site 2. However, subjects were not able to accurately perceive either the actual or the relative differences. In conclusion, our bicycle simulator is a safe and comfortable traffic safety research tool that needs further improvement. The proposed preliminary concept of the degree of realism requires further investigation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.multra.2025.100193

Impact of Iron Loss on Performance of Speed Sensorless MRAS Estimator for Induction Machines

Krisztian Horvath Diána Sarolta Kiss

Publication Name: 2022 22nd International Symposium on Electrical Apparatus and Technologies Siela 2022 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In this work, the impact of iron loss on speed estimation performance of the conventional rotor flux error-based model reference adaptive system (MRAS) estimator is investigated in case of induction machines (IMs). In addition, two improved MRAS-type estimators are proposed to reduce the estimation error caused by iron loss. The first approach takes into account iron loss resistance by its nominal constant value. But in the second case, iron loss is frequency dependent. All three estimators are compared by simulations. The results show that the MRAS estimators with iron loss compensation can reduce the speed estimation error and the frequency dependent iron loss compensation method provides the highest accuracy.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/SIELA54794.2022.9845766

Selection criteria in the talent identification of triathlon

Zsolt Szakály Zsofia Papai Marta Wilhelm

Publication Name: Physiology International

Publication Date: 2025-06-20

Volume: 112

Issue: 2

Page Range: 118-137

Description:

Triathlon is a very complex sport, as the athlete has to master the characteristics of three sports (swimming, cycling and running), and the tasks of coaches are increased by the need to get the most out of all three. This sport improves endurance, has a positive effect on muscle development, movement coordination, breathing, and circulation. For talent identification factors determining the performance in triathlon are essential (physiological, anthropometric, psychosocial and tactical factors). Scientific literature concerning performance in triathlon sport is rather scarce. Although there are some studies in this field, there is little comprehensive literature analyzing training of youth athletes. The aim of our research was (i) to conduct a targeted literature review of the body composition and performance of youth triathletes and (ii) comparing results with those of elite adults, (iii) determining factors playing a prominent role in the selection and performance of triathletes. The results of our research reveal that factors like the appropriate competition age (approx. 28-30 years for both sexes), anthropometric parameters (it is necessary to take into account the distance the athlete covers) and performance criteria (the most important is VO2max) are essential for successful selection and subsequent success. In the world of triathlon constant regulatory changes and the need to adapt new competitive demands necessitate keeping our knowledge up to date.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/2060.2025.00519

Multi-objective-period heat exchanger network synthesis and decarbonization for industrial-scale crude oil distillation system

Chenglin Chang Zekun Yang Shuhao Zhang Ting Pan Nan Zhang Robin Smith

Publication Name: Energy

Publication Date: 2025-07-01

Volume: 326

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Transitioning heat exchanger network (HEN) synthesis designs to industrial application involves operational, environmental, and cost considerations, posing computational challenges. This study proposes a systematic optimization approach integrating multi-objective, multi-period optimization HEN synthesis with waste heat recovery and multiple utilities. The proposed methodology incorporates a novel two-step unit reduction strategy to overcome the increase of model combinational complexities arisen from the multi-period features, thereby facilitating the solving of large-scale problems. Meanwhile, environmental impacts are concerned by using the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution approach. A new optimization route, Enhanced Pinch-assisted Multi-Objective Optimization is proposed to obtain the final decision in this multi-objective problem time-efficiently. The case study includes a 15 streams problem, and a real industrial-scale crude oil distillation preheat system. The results showed that assigning carbon compensation to the waste heat recovery option can significantly reduce carbon emissions and change energy distribution.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136300

The Integration of Building Information Modelling and Life Cycle Assessment: Progress, Challenges, Future Directions

Zekun Yang Bohong Wang Yee Van Fan Ting Pan Péter Németh Ling Shao Petar Sabev Varbanov

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 409-414

Description:

Building Information Modelling (BIM) plays a key role in the digitisation of the building sector, facilitating the design and construction of buildings. Environmental impacts have become an important factor to consider in building design and construction, often analysed through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The integration of BIM and LCA is crucial for supporting sustainable building design and construction. However, there is a lack of up-to-date reviews that consider the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the integration of BIM and LCA. This paper addresses this gap by examining the recent progress, challenges, and future directions in building carbon emission accounting for buildings. The integration of the BIM-LCA for environmental impact accounting is explored, including goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory, impact assessment, interpretation, interoperability, and integration AI. The results identify gaps in BIM-LCA integration, including transparency issues and reliance on non-local databases. Future directions emphasise enhancing data quality, refining models, and developing AI methods for carbon emission predictions to explore decarbonisation strategy in the building sector. The review contributes to early-stage analysis, facilitating informed decision-making in sustainable building design and construction.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114069

Experimental Investigation on the Erosion Resistance Characteristics of Compressor Impeller Coatings to Water Droplet Impact

Cs Tóth-Nagy István Barabás Ibolya Zsoldos Pavel Novotny Richárd Takács Izolda Popa-Müller Balázs Dobos Miklós Zsolt Tabakov Norbert Kiss

Publication Name: Coatings

Publication Date: 2025-07-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 7

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study presents a comparative analysis of the water droplet erosion resistance of three compressor wheels coated with Ni-P and Si-P layers. The tests were conducted using a custom-developed experimental apparatus in accordance with the ASTM G73-10 standard. The degree of erosion was monitored through continuous precision mass measurements, and structural changes on the surfaces of both the base materials and the coatings were examined using a Zeiss Crossbeam 350 scanning electron microscope (SEM). Hardness values were determined using a Vickers KB 30 hardness tester, while the chemical composition was analysed using a WAS Foundry Master optical emission spectrometer. Significant differences in erosion resistance were observed among the various compressor wheels, which can be attributed to differences in coating hardness values, as well as to the detachment of the Ni-P layer from the base material under continuous erosion. In all cases, water droplet erosion led to a reduction in the isentropic efficiency of the compressor—measured using a hot gas turbocharger testbench—with the extent of efficiency loss depending upon the type of coating applied. Although blade protection technologies for turbocharger compressor impellers used in the automotive industry have been the subject of only a limited number of studies, modern technologies, such as the application of certain alternative fuels and exhaust gas recirculation, have increased water droplet formation, thereby accelerating the erosion rate of the impeller. The aim of this study is to evaluate the resistance of three different coating layers to water droplet erosion through standardized tests conducted using a custom-designed experimental apparatus.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/coatings15070767

A települési és mezogazdasági vízgazdálkodás azbeszt okozta kockázati tényezoi a krizotil-azbeszt vonatkozásában

András Torma Gergely Zoltán Macher Dóra Beke

Publication Name: Agrokemia Es Talajtan

Publication Date: 2023-06-21

Volume: 72

Issue: 1

Page Range: 44-63

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/0088.2023.00147

Ballast Stabilization with Polyurethane for Use in Desert Areas

Jabbar Ali Zakeri Morteza Esmaeili Farshad Astaraki Majid Movahedi Rad Sina Ghahremani Reza Esfandiari Mehni Fateme Samimi

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering

Publication Date: 2022-06-30

Volume: 66

Issue: 3

Page Range: 853-865

Description:

Sand dune accumulation in the railways passing through desert areas leads to ballast softening and settlement, which is one of the major challenges in the ballast maintenance operation. In this regard, ballast infilling with polyurethane could be mentioned as a novel solution that has been less attentional in previous studies. In this matter, in present study using a domestic cost-effective polyurethane, the ballast stabilization has been accomplished and the relevant shear strength parameters have been investigated via a series of large-scale direct shear tests. Since the utilized polyurethane has composed of two different components, in the first stage, the best weight ratios of components have been investigated via a series of compression tests. In this matter, the ratio of 1.5 units polyol to 1 unit isocyanate has been adopted as the best composition. Then, the resulting polyurethane was injected into the ballast to perform large-scale direct shear tests. According to the measurement results, the maximum shear stress, the internal friction angle, and the cohesion coefficient increased by 109%, 9.5%, and 162.5% with respect to the non-stabilized ballast (NSB), respectively. In addition, the dilation angle decreased by 66.4% with the injection of polyurethane into the ballast. Hence, the results indicate increased shear strength and lateral track resistance in the presence of polyurethane, which can prevent lateral deflection and improve track safety. In other words, the mentioned polyurethane has improved the shear parameters of the ballast more significantly than other polyurethanes and has shown its performance in increasing the bearing capacity.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPci.19968