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Found 6289 publications
Application of Spectroscopic Techniques in Heavy Metal Analysis for Meat Quality Assurance
Publication Name: Ceylon Journal of Science
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 54
Issue: 2
Page Range: 507-514
Description:
Quality assurance is a critical aspect of human food. Meat is one of the major high-quality protein suppliers to the human body and plays an essential role in our daily meals. With industrialization, heavy metals became major food contaminants leading to serious health risks. FAAS (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry), GFAAS (Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry), ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) and ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) are analytical methods that promise consumer safety by ensuring quality assurance of meat and meat products with their accurate and reliable analytical capacity. Their characteristics may vary with their theory of analysis and advancement of applied technology. Dry ashing, wet digestion, microwave-assisted digestion, and ultrasonic extraction like different sample preparation techniques or direct analysis after slurry preparation like simple sample preparation, are involved with spectroscopic analytical methods to prevent the sample matrix effect. These methods are validated based on parameters such as LOD (Limit of Detection), LOQ (Limit of Quantification), recovery %, relative standard deviation, and characteristic mass to ensure their reliability.
Open Access: Yes
Article a new approach in determining the decadal common trends in the groundwater table of the watershed of lake “neusiedlersee”
Publication Name: Water Switzerland
Publication Date: 2021-02-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page Range: 1-17
Description:
Shallow groundwater is one of the primary sources of fresh water, providing river baseflow and root-zone soil water between precipitation events. However, with urbanization and the increase in demand for water for irrigation, shallow groundwater bodies are being endangered. In the present study, 101 hydrographs of shallow groundwater monitoring wells from the watershed of the westernmost brackish lake in Europe were examined for the years 1997–2012 using a combination of dynamic factor and cluster analyses. The aims were (i) the determination of the main driving factors of the water table, (ii) the determination of the spatial distribution and importance of these factors, and (iii) the estimation of shallow groundwater levels using the obtained model. Results indicate that the dynamic factor models were capable of accurately estimating the hydrographs (avg. mean squared error = 0.29 for standardized water levels), meaning that the two driving factors identified (evapotranspiration and precipitation) describe most of the variances of the fluctuations in water level. Both meteorological parameters correlated with an obtained dynamic factor (r = −0.41 for evapotranspiration & r = 0.76 for precipitation). The strength of these effects displayed a spatial pattern, as did the factor loadings. On this basis, the monitoring wells could be objectively distinguished into two groups using hierarchical cluster analysis and verified by linear discriminant analysis in 98% of the cases. This grouping in turn was determined to be primarily related to the elevation and the geology of the area. It can be concluded that the application of the data analysis toolset suggested herein permits a more efficient, objective, and reproducible delineation of the primary driving factors of the shallow groundwater table in the area. Additionally, it represents an effective toolset for the forecasting of water table variations, a quality which, in the view of the likelihood of further climate change to come, is a distinctive advantage. The knowledge of these factors is crucial to a better understanding of the hydrogeological processes that characterize the water table and, thus, to developing a proper water resource management strategy for the area.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/w13030290
Presentation of Test Experiences of the Basic Properties of Thermal Insulation Products Made from Recycled Polystyrene
Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
Publication Date: 2026-01-01
Volume: 795 LNCE
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 613-624
Description:
The study aimed to analyse the basic properties of polystyrene thermal insulation products made from recycled materials, using laboratory tests to analyse the basic properties of polystyrene thermal insulation products made from recycled materials. The thermal insulation mortar mixture examined in this series of tests consists of a mixture of recycled EPS, water and cement. In addition to the heat conduction property, tests were performed to evaluate the compressive force, water absorption, and dimensional stability parameters at 10% compression, based on these parameters. The utilisation of secondary raw materials recycled from demolition and construction waste in the circular economy can be fully realised if the products’ basic properties meet the minimum requirements prescribed by the relevant product standards. Based on the results, it is possible to set further directions for product development.
Open Access: Yes
PAVEMENT SENSING SYSTEMS: LITERATURE REVIEW
Publication Name: Civil and Environmental Engineering
Publication Date: 2022-12-01
Volume: 18
Issue: 2
Page Range: 603-630
Description:
In situ monitoring of pavement health has been getting much attention due to the efficiency, reliability and accuracy of data. This review consists of various embedded as well as nondestructive sensing options that have been used to perform analysis on pavement health either by simply calculating horizontal and vertical strains under pavement layers or by crack detection models inside pavement structures by supplementing information from moisture, temperature and traffic related sensors. With optimum integration of such combination sensors, engineers can predict the optimum rehabilitation time of the pavements and reduce a huge amount of budget spent on infrastructure reconstruction.
Open Access: Yes
Do More People Use Public Transport that is more Understandable?
Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems
Publication Date: 2026-01-01
Volume: 1768 LNNS
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 151-158
Description:
The aim of this paper is to show, if network science methods are good enough to form an evaluation method on this issue. The paper compares four European cities based on their degree distribution and modal split values. The shows four cities correlate in one direction yielding, that network science, and in this case degree distribution is a fine method to predict the efficiency of a public transport system, or with other words, more structured so more understandable systems have higher usage rate.
Open Access: Yes
Modelling employee retention in small and medium-sized enterprises and large enterprises in a dynamically changing business environment
Publication Name: International Journal of Organizational Analysis
Publication Date: 2025-06-04
Volume: 33
Issue: 5
Page Range: 1006-1038
Description:
Purpose: This study aims to explore the holistic context of organisational staff retention in small, medium and large organisations. It also aims to identify the factors affecting the retention of organisations of different sizes. Design/methodology/approach: The study implements an empirical test of a model created during previous research with the participation of 511 employees. The responses to the online questionnaire and the modelling were analysed using the partial least squares structural equation modelling method. The models were tested for internal consistency reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, multicollinearity and model fit. Findings: Two models were tested by organisation size, which revealed a total of 62 significant correlations between the latent variables tested. Identical correlations were present in both models in 22 cases. After testing the hypotheses, critical variables (nature of work, normative commitment, benefits, co-workers and organisational commitment) were identified that determine employees’ organisational commitment and intention to leave, regardless of the size of the organisation. Research limitations/implications: As a result of this research, the models developed are suitable for identifying differences in organisational staffing levels, but there is as yet no empirical evidence on the use of the scales for homogeneous groups of employees. Practical implications: The results show that employees’ normative commitment and organisational commitment are critical factors for retention. Of the satisfaction factors examined, the nature of work, benefits and co-workers have a significant impact on retention in organisations, so organisational retention measures should focus on improving satisfaction regarding these factors. Social implications: The readers of the journal would appreciate the work, which highlights the significance of employee psychology and retention for organisational success. Originality/value: The study is based on primary data and, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, is one of the few studies that take a holistic approach to organisational staff retention in the context of the moderating effect of organisational size. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of employee retention and in contrast to previous research, examines the combined effect of several factors.
Open Access: Yes
Comparison of Outdoor Radiowave Propagation Models for Land Mobile Systems in the 3.6 GHz and 6 GHz Frequency Bands
Publication Name: Telecom
Publication Date: 2025-06-01
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This paper presents a comparative analysis of three outdoor wave propagation models—ITU-R P.1546-6, the SUI model, and ITU-R P.452-17—benchmarked against the deterministic Parabolic Equation Modeling (PEM) method at 3.6 GHz and 6 GHz. The evaluation focuses on prediction accuracy (RMSE, MAE, bias, relative error), terrain sensitivity, and computational efficiency. At 3.6 GHz, ITU-R P.1546-6 shows poor terrain responsiveness and high relative errors, while ITU-R P.452-17 demonstrates strong terrain sensitivity and low errors in flat areas, but decreased accuracy over hilly terrain. At 6 GHz, the SUI model consistently underestimates field strength and exhibits weak terrain sensitivity, limiting its use to rough estimations. In contrast, ITU-R P.452-17 maintains good terrain correlation and acceptable accuracy, although it slightly overestimates field strength in complex environments. The results confirm that prediction accuracy, terrain sensitivity, and bias are highly model- and frequency-dependent. ITU-R P.452-17 emerges as the most reliable and computationally efficient alternative to deterministic methods when terrain effects must be considered without significant computational overhead.
Open Access: Yes
Energy security challenges in Europe: the importance of renewable energy innovations for economic viability after Russia Ukraine war
Publication Name: Environment Development and Sustainability
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Europe's energy security is a very relevant and debatable topic today, especially since the Russia Ukraine conflict energy security is becoming a challenge for Europe. Many countries in the European Union do not have sufficient fossil energy resources and are dependent on neighboring, energy-rich countries. Such dependence on other countries in the EU is useless and even dangerous, both economically and politically or in terms of energy security. The EU faces serious energy security challenges due to its high dependence on external energy exporters. Countries that export energy resources can manipulate them and exert both economic and political pressure. The main problem is how to assess the energy transformation opportunities while strengthening energy security. Currently, there is a lack of research that would propose solutions to increase energy security on a national scale. Renewable energy solutions would allow achieving these goals, thus creating synergy with economic benefits. During the study, energy business representatives were interviewed in order to understand market trends and attitudes. When processing the data using the factor analysis method, results were obtained that reveal a clear connection between renewable energy and energy security. Research shows that geopolitical security becomes an important aspect when the volume of renewable energy deployment increases.
Open Access: Yes
Architectural Heritage Digitization: A Classification-Driven Semi-Automated Scan-to-HBIM Workflow
Publication Name: Buildings
Publication Date: 2026-01-01
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
The digitization of historic architecture increasingly relies on dense point clouds, yet the conversion of these datasets into structured Historic Building Information Models (HBIM) remains slow, inconsistent, and heavily dependent on manual interpretation. This paper introduces a classification-driven, mesh-based semi-automated workflow designed to close this gap by providing a controlled, repeatable path from raw TLS data to BIM-ready geometry. The method combines three elements strategically integrated into a unified framework: (1) pre-classified point cloud groups that establish a structured starting point, (2) mesh simplification and slice-based geometric reconstruction executed through Rhino and Grasshopper, and (3) direct BIM integration using Rhino.Inside.Revit to generate categorized HBIM components rather than passive mesh imports. The workflow is validated on an irregular exterior stone column from the historic chapel in Sopronhorpács, Hungary, an element characterized by surface erosion, asymmetric profiles, and deviations from verticality. This type of geometry typically challenges both manual modeling and fully automated shape-fitting. The proposed method reconstructed the column as a Revit Structural Column element with a substantial reduction in modeling time compared to a manual Scan-to-BIM workflow. A deviations analysis confirmed that the reconstructed geometry remained within the millimeter-level accuracy required for conservation-grade documentation. The study demonstrates that combining element-based classification, mesh preprocessing, and controlled semi-automation can significantly improve both the speed and reliability of Scan-to-HBIM processes without requiring technical expertise yet delivers results that align with the precision expected in scientific documentation. By formalizing the Pre-Classified Modeling Logic (PCML), the approach provides a foundation for reconstructing a wide range of heritage elements and establishes a practical step forward toward more efficient, interpretable, and accessible digital preservation practices.
Open Access: Yes
