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Found 6674 publications
Influence of welding thermal cycles on microstructure and impact toughness of high-strength steels: A gleeble simulation study
Publication Name: Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Publication Date: 2026-05-01
Volume: 42
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 10024-10035
Description:
Weldability of high-strength steels is strongly influenced by welding thermal cycles, particularly through their effect on heat-affected zone (HAZ) microstructure, hardness, and susceptibility to hydrogen-assisted cracking. In this study, six commercially available high-strength steels (S355MC, S500MC, S700MC, S960MC, S960QL, and S1100MC) were investigated using Gleeble physical simulation to reproduce welding thermal cycles with cooling times t8 /5 = 5-20 s. Microstructural characterization, hardness measurements, and instrumented Charpy impact testing were performed and complemented by Tekken weldability tests. The results show that thermomechanically controlled processed (TMCP) steels (S355MC, S500MC, and S700MC) exhibit stable transformation behavior, maintaining consistent hardness and toughness across the investigated cooling range. In contrast, steels with yield strengths of 960 MPa and above exhibit a narrow processing window, where rapid cooling promotes the formation of hard martensitic microstructures, while slower cooling leads to grain coarsening and reduced impact toughness. Instrumented Charpy testing revealed a significant decrease in absorbed energy and crack resistance with increasing cooling time. The findings demonstrate that weldability in ultra-high-strength steels cannot be reliably assessed based on hardness alone. A combined evaluation of cooling time, microstructural evolution, hardness, and fracture behavior is required to support the selection of appropriate preheating and welding conditions.
Open Access: Yes
Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease in adults, 1990–2023, and its attributable risk factors: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023
Mohamad Amin Bakhshali
Shoshana H. Ballew
Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu
Maciej Banach
Mainak Bardhan
Ahmed Abdelrahman Abdelgalil
Saurav Basu
Bekalu Mekonen Belay
Makda Abate Belew
Aminu K. Bello
Luis Belo
Amiel Nazer C. Bermudez
Nurudeen A. Adegoke
Fahmi Y. Al-Ashwal
Nelson Alvis-Guzman
Yaser Mohammed Al-Worafi
Adel Sharaf Al-Zubairi
Masoud Aman Mohammadi
Hubert Amu
Abhishek Anil
Sajjad Ahmad
Sulaimon O. Araromi
Geminn Louis Carace Apostol
Walter Appati
Neeraj Bedi
Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader
Filippos Anagnostakis
Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor
Hiba Jawdat Barqawi
Amir Mahmoud Ahmadzade
Salah Al Awaidy
Syed Shujait Ali
Omar Almidani
Hanadi Al Hamad
Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan
Karem H. Alzoubi
Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atout
Samar Abd Elhafeez
Sajjad Ahmad
Nesredin Ahmed
Marjan Ajami
Ayman Ahmed
Salahdein Aburuz
Yazan Al Thaher
Ashagre Molla Assaye
Khursheed Aurangzeb
Adedapo Wasiu Awotidebe
Domenico Azzolino
Lucas Guimarães Abreu
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani
Olugbenga Olusola Abiodun
Hasan Aalruz
Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani
Bilyaminu Abubakar
Isaac Yeboah Addo
Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani
Oyelola A. Adegboye
Mohammad Mahdi Bastan
Muhammad Badar
Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
Sonu Bhaskar
M. D.Abu Bashar
Shahid Bashir
Temitayo Esther Adeyeoluwa
Johan Ärnlöv
Bernard Kwadwo Yeboah Asiamah-Asare
Hasan Aalruz
Patrick B. Mark
Lauryn K. Stafford
Morgan E. Grams
Hansani Madushika Abeywickrama
Mohammed Mehdi Abrar
Khabir Ahmad
Ali Ahmadi
Aram Mahmood Ahmed
Priyadarshini Bhattacharjee
Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
Aleksandr Y. Aravkin
Salahdein Aburuz
Mohammed Z. Allouh
Mohammadreza Akbari
Oluwasefunmi Akeju
Mohammed Ahmed Akkaif
Ziyad Al-Aly
Mohammed Albashtawy
Shereen M. Aleidi
Ali M. Alfalki
Fadwa Naji Alhalaiqa
Khalid A. Alhasan
Endale Alemayehu Ali
Rafat Ali
Syed Yusuf Ali
Mohammed Z. Allouh
Maha Moh d.Wahbi Atout
Wesam Taher Almagharbeh
Sadat Abdulla Aziz
Khaldoon Aied Alnawafleh
Awais Altaf
Samah W. Al-Jabi
Najim Z. Alshahrani
Jesu Arockiaraj
Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader
Shahzaib Ahmed
Syed Anees Ahmed
Yuni Asri
Ajay Nagesh Bhat
Sadat Abdulla Aziz
Dmitry Abramov
Publication Name: Lancet
Publication Date: 2025-11-22
Volume: 406
Issue: 10518
Page Range: 2461-2482
Description:
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common and ranks among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. This analysis aimed to present global CKD estimates using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2023 to inform evidence-based policies for CKD identification and treatment. Methods This analysis focused on adults aged 20 years and older over the period 1990 to 2023, from 204 countries and territories. Data sources used were published literature, vital registration systems, kidney failure treatment registries, and household surveys. Estimates of CKD burden, including deaths, incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), were produced using a Cause of Death Ensemble model and a Bayesian meta-regression analytical tool. A comparative risk assessment approach estimated the proportion of cardiovascular deaths attributable to impaired kidney function and estimated risk factors for CKD. Findings Globally, in 2023, 788 million (95% uncertainty interval 743–843) people aged 20 years and older were estimated to have CKD, up from 378 million (354–407) in 1990. The global age-standardised prevalence of CKD in adults was 14·2% (13·4–15·2), a relative rise of 3·5% (2·7–4·1) from 1990. The region with the highest age-standardised prevalence was north Africa and the Middle East (18·0%; 16·9–19·4). Most people had stage 1–3 CKD, with a combined prevalence of 13·9% (13·1–15·0). In 2023, CKD was the ninth leading cause of death globally, accounting for 1·48 million (1·30–1·65) deaths, and the 12th leading cause of DALYs, with an age-standardised DALY rate of 769·2 (691·8–857·4) per 100 000. Impaired kidney function as a risk factor accounted for 11·5% (8·4–14·5) of cardiovascular deaths. High fasting plasma glucose, body-mass index, and systolic blood pressure were all leading risk factors for CKD DALYs. Interpretation CKD is a major global health issue, with rising prevalence and increasing importance as a cause of death and as a risk factor for cardiovascular death. A better understating of aetiology, appropriate screening, and implementation programmes are needed to translate advances in CKD treatment into improved patient outcomes. Funding Gates Foundation, Wellcome, US National Kidney Foundation, and US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
Open Access: Yes
Biorefining green triticale grass as a flavonoid-rich source of protein for sustainable food systems
Publication Name: Food Bioscience
Publication Date: 2026-05-01
Volume: 79
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Green biomass serves as an eco-friendly, plant-derived substitute for conventional protein sources. Leaf protein concentrate (LPC) not only acts as a viable alternative to animal-derived proteins but also contains essential vitamins and bioactive compounds providing nutraceutical advantages. The extraction technique plays a critical role in maximizing LPC yield. In this study, green juice derived from the wet pressing of green triticale biomass was divided into two aliquots, each subjected to distinct processing techniques for LPC isolation. One portion underwent direct thermal coagulation via microwave irradiation, followed by vacuum filtration, yielding green LPC (MW-GLPC) and its brown juice (GJ-BJ). The other was first centrifuged to remove large photosynthetic complexes, producing yellow juice that was subsequently thermally coagulated and vacuum filtered to obtain yellow LPC (YLPC) and its brown juice (YJ-BJ).The crude protein content in the MW-GLPC fraction (38.44 g 100 g−1 DW) was higher than the raw green juice (16.38 g 100 g−1 DW). YLPC fraction, obtained by incorporating a centrifugation step into the process, resulted in a significantly increase in crude protein (67.22 g 100 g−1 DW). For fractions of brown juice (BJ), the crude protein content differed depending on the processing technique, with GJ-BJ exhibiting 0.73 g 100 g−1 FW and YJ-BJ displaying 1.06 g 100 g−1 FW. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) indicated that BJ primarily contained oligopeptides ranging from 200 to 3000 Da.Phytochemical assessments demonstrated that YLPC exhibits the highest concentration of some beneficial bioactive compounds, such as luteolin (27.2 μg g−1), and isovitexin (111.6 μg g−1). These findings are consistent with results obtained from the Drosophila melanogaster model under high-sugar conditions designed to simulate high-sugar-induced stress. Flies supplemented with a concentration of 20% YLPC demonstrated a 10.52% increase in viability relative to the control group, thereby indicating the beneficial potential of YLPC in high-sugar containing environments.
Open Access: Yes
Surface Modification of Silica Nanoparticles with Ethyl Oleate for the Purpose of Stabilizing Nanolubricants Used for Tribological Tests
Publication Name: Ceramics
Publication Date: 2023-06-01
Volume: 6
Issue: 2
Page Range: 980-993
Description:
Long-term sustainability and decreasing amount of fossil oil reserves require a partial or complete transformation of traditional lubricating oils. The use of silica nanoparticles as a lubricant additive has a huge tribological potential, which has already been discussed in numerous articles. Nanosized silica shows excellent results in reducing friction and preventing wear, but they quickly aggregate and settle after homogenization in oils. For long-term stable dispersion of lubricating oils containing nanoceramics, the surface of the particles was modified with ethyl oleate. The surface modification, the ethyl oleate applied to the surface of the nanosilica, was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Group III based lubricating oil was prepared using the surface-modified nanosilica. The particle size of the nanoparticles in the lubricating oil dispersion was examined by dynamic light scattering. Oscillating tribometer measurements were performed with different concentrations (0.1; 0.2; 0.3 wt%) of nanolubricants. Based on the tribological results, the friction coefficient of the surface-modified nanosilica is more stable, its wear is 15% lower compared to the reference. There is no significant change in the magnitude of the friction coefficient. It can be concluded that the ethyl oleate surface modification method may be suitable for tribological investigations of the acting mechanisms of nanoparticles.
Open Access: Yes
Mycoplasma hyopharyngis isolated from the joint of a weaner: A case report
Publication Name: Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
Publication Date: 2024-09-12
Volume: 72
Issue: 3
Page Range: 155-160
Description:
Background: Mycoplasma hyopharyngis is a commensal bacterium in the upper respiratory tract of swine. As it is recognized to be apathogenic, examinations regarding this species are scarce, compared to other swine mycoplasmas. However, in a few cases, M. hyopharyngis was detected in lesions of different organs. This report presents a case study in which M. hyopharyngis (along with other bacteria) was isolated from the joint of a pig showing lameness. Case presentation: A Hungarian farm was repopulated with 250 gilts and 1,700 finishers after undergoing a complete depopulation and disinfection. Two days later, cases of diarrhoea and septicaemia caused by Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium were seen in the finishers. At the same time, following the first farrowing, swollen joints were observed in 21-25 days old piglets. Joint samples were collected, and isolation of Mycoplasma sp. and other bacteria was attempted. Analysis of the joint samples revealed the presence of Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hyicus, Aerococcus viridans, Trueperella pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae and M. hyopharyngis. Conclusions: This is the second isolation of M. hyopharyngis from joints, which highlights the necessity of a better understanding the biology of this often-overlooked species, and its role in the progress of arthritis or other lesions.
Open Access: Yes
Capability Building on Green and Renewable Energy- Related Financial Literacy in México
Publication Name: Empowering Development with Strategic Accounting Organizational Economic and Sustainable Impacts
Publication Date: 2025-11-19
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 227-259
Description:
Transition to green energy systems requires not only technological advancement but also cross- sector financial education among stakeholders at all levels of society. This study presents a comprehensive framework for green energy financial literacy program design considering México's unique socioeconomic context, cultural environment, and regional variations. It is estimated that implementation of such programs would increase adoption of renewable energy by 35- 40% over five years, creating about 150,000 new green economy jobs. The research contributes to the existing literature in sustainable finance education and provides actionable policy suggestions for policymakers, schools, and financial service providers in México and other emerging economies pursuing energy transition go.
Open Access: Yes
MXene/TiO2 Photocatalyst: The Key Role of MXene Electron Trapping in Water and Air Treatment
Publication Name: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publication Date: 2026-05-01
Volume: 27
Issue: 9
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 can be increased by incorporating it into a composite with an electron-trapping co-catalyst. MXene can perform this task as an electron-conducting material. In addition to trapping electrons, it also affects the defects in TiO2 near the interface. To screen for the best photocatalytic performance, three types of composites were prepared: by physical mixing, chemical deposition, and ALD. During characterization, the structural, optical, and photoelectrochemical properties were determined. Photocatalytic activity was examined in suspension (phenol conversion) and on a layer (gas phase ethanol conversion). It was found that the composite containing the lowest proportion of cocatalyst (1 wt.%) had the highest photocatalytic activity. According to the results of photocatalytic activity measured in suspension, the physical mixtures were proven to be more effective than neat TiO2 , with the composites converting approximately the total amount of phenol in ~40 min, while TiO2 required ~80–90 min to do so under the same conditions. Thus, the electron-trapping role of MXene is clearly demonstrated in suspension applications, which is also confirmed by other characterization methods (photoluminescence, photocurrent density). TiO2 performed best during ethanol conversion, as it has the highest ethanol adsorption capacity (33.41%). During ethanol conversion tests, the MXene electron-trapping property was most effectively demonstrated in composites formed using the ALD method.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/ijms27093975
Digital Transformation in Taiwan’s Insurance Industries for MABAC Technology Based on Circular Modified Fuzzy Choquet Frank Network Data Envelopment Analysis
Publication Name: International Journal of Analysis and Applications
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 23
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Fuzzy set theory has significant and dominant applications in Taiwan’s insurance industry, especially in fields involving decision-making, uncertainty, and risk assessment. Providing the complexity and problems in assessing factors, for instance, natural disaster risks, customer creditworthiness, or health conditions, traditional binary logic often falls short. Taiwanese insurers have adopted fuzzy logic systems to enhance fraud detection, premium pricing, and privilege evaluations by catching the indistinctness characteristic in human ruling and imperfect data. The Taiwan insurance industry is a dynamic and spirited module of the commercial sector, contributing meaningfully to risk management and economic stability. For this, we study to propose an assessment of the proficiency of insurance enterprises using Network Data Envelopment Analysis. Toward this end, the frank operational laws for circular Pythagorean fuzzy (CPF) uncertainty are applied. Moreover, the CPF Choquet Frank averaging (CPFCFA) operator and CPF Choquet Frank geometric (CPFCFG) operator with three dominant properties for each operator have been studied. The study deliberates the multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) model and verifies it with the help of numerical examples. This study enhances the industry’s efficiency to offer adapted insurance products and handle risks precisely, aligning with Taiwan’s push toward intelligent financial services and digital transformation. In the following, we establish the decision-making performance for assessing the proficiency of insurance enterprises using the network data envelopment analysis (NDEA) technique. Finally, we examine the ranking values of offered representations to compare them with the ranking values of prevailing models to show the capability and efficacy of the originated approaches.
Open Access: Yes
Where to go and why? Motivational factors in the choice of higher education institutions: the example of a university in Central Eastern Europe
Publication Name: International Conference on Higher Education Advances
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 1038-1045
Description:
The aim of our study is to examine the factors that influence the choice of higher education institutions (HEIs). To this end, we have explored the evolution and current challenges of marketing in higher education. By conducting an empirical survey of students (n=2330) admitted in 2023 at a Central-Eastern European university, we identified the factors that influenced students' decision to apply. The initial 19 variables, then 15 variables included in the factor analysis, eventually resulted in four factors, which are "education and reputation", "dormitory and services", "opinion of others" and "city". The factors and factor weights were used to identify the strategically important factors that can help HEIs to achieve a more effective market presence and, accordingly, more precise targeting.
Open Access: Yes
