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Found 6342 publications

Climate change dynamics for global energy security and equity: Evidence from policy stringency drivers

Leila Dagher Nadia Doytch Vishal Dagar Amar Rao

Publication Name: Journal of Environmental Management

Publication Date: 2024-11-01

Volume: 370

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study investigates the dynamic interplay between financial integration, political stability, infrastructure, and global integration in enhancing Energy Security (ES) and Energy Equity (EE) across 50 economies from 2006 to 2018. It addresses gaps in understanding how socio-economic, political, and technological factors collectively influence ES and EE during the global transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. The research aims to reveal the complex relationships and potential trade-offs between energy sustainability, economic growth, and equitable energy distribution. Utilizing robust panel data methods including System GMM, Fixed Effects, and Random Effects, the study examines the impacts of various determinants on ES and EE. The dataset includes annual observations on global integration, financial integration, infrastructure quality, political stability, and other relevant metrics from diverse global sources. The findings reveal that increased financial integration significantly enhances ES by easing capital flow into energy infrastructure, which is crucial for stable energy supply chains. Political stability also positively affects ES, underscoring the importance of stable governance in sustaining energy policies. Conversely, rapid urban growth and inadequate social integration pose challenges to achieving EE, highlighting disparities in energy access worsened by urbanization. Technological advancements and digital connectivity appear as positive drivers for EE, enhancing the efficiency and distribution of energy resources. This study contributes to the literature by providing a detailed examination of how integration into global financial and political systems affects energy strategies at a national level. It offers valuable insights for policymakers on fostering environments conducive to sustainable energy development and fair energy access. The research underscores the importance of incorporating socio-economic and technological advancements in energy policy frameworks to achieve balanced growth and sustainability. Future research directions include exploring the causal relationships and long-term impacts of these factors on ES and EE, particularly in the context of evolving global energy policies and technological advancements.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122484

The impact of sample retention and further analysis on doping behavior and detection: evidence from agent-based simulations

Andrea Petróczi Daniel Westmattelmann Marius Sprenger Benedikt Stoffers Julian Lanfer

Publication Name: Frontiers in Sports and Active Living

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 7

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Introduction: Despite extensive testing efforts in anti-doping work, a persistent gap remains between low doping detection rates and substantially higher estimated doping prevalence in sports. Sample Retention and Further Analysis (SFA), which allows samples to be stored for up to ten years for future testing, offers a potential strategy to close this gap by increasing both detection and deterrence of doping. Methods: This study employs an agent-based modeling approach to simulate interactions among key stakeholders: athletes, anti-doping organizations, laboratories, and event organizers. The model captures athlete decision-making regarding doping, influenced by perceived sanction certainty and swiftness. SFA parameters, such as number of stored samples and duration of storage, were systematically varied to assess their impact. Results: Simulations show that increasing both the quantity of stored/retested samples and the storage duration reduces doping prevalence. A combined approach yields the strongest effect, with higher detection rates and lower doping behavior. However, regression analysis reveals diminishing returns at higher implementation levels, suggesting a non-linear effect. Discussion: The findings provide quantitative evidence that SFA enhances not only detection capacity but also deterrence by increasing the perceived long-term risk of sanctions. Effective SFA implementation requires strategic calibration to optimize impact. These results underscore the potential of SFA as a key component in anti-doping strategies and call for empirical validation and integration of additional behavioral factors in future research.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2025.1578929

Floristic and vegetation change on the Sphagnum-dominated mire of Egerbakta

János György NAGY Dániel TÖPLER János András DUDÁS Júlia HOBLYÁK

Publication Name: Kitaibelia

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 30

Issue: 1

Page Range: 129-138

Description:

Since 1988, open stands of Menyanthes trifoliata have disappeared, communities of Carex rostrata have declined, and the Sphagnum-dominated willow carr has expanded. The mire’s central associations include Caricetum rostratae, Salici cinereae–Sphagnetum recurvi sphagnetosum squarrosi, and Calamagrosti–Salicetum cinereae. In the mainly nudum lagg zone, the following communities occur: Bidenti–Polygonetum hydropiperis, Bidenti–Polygonetum hydropiperis urticetosum dioicae, Caricetum acutiformis, Juncetum effusi, Glycerietum maximae, and a community dominated by Poa nemoralis. We recorded 77 vascular plant species, 62 of which were new to the site. Rare species have declined in number: Menyanthes trifoliata and Cicuta virosa are now absent, and of the former eight Sphagnum species, only Sphagnum squarrosum remains. The original Salici cinereae–Sphagnetum recurvi sphagnetosum recurvi subassociation transitioned into Salici cinereae–Sphagnetum recurvi sphagnetosum squarrosi after the mire remained completely dry and peat-moss-free for several years around 2000. Central communities reflect a cool, moderately acidic, oligotrophic environment with low pH and conductivity. In contrast, lagg vegetation indicates warmer, nutrient-rich, less acidic conditions. The mire’s most valuable zone is its central, Sphagnum-rich area, whose preservation depends on a natural water supply maintained by continuous forest cover in the catchment and stable or reduced large game populations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.17542/kit.30.068

Public perception of autonomous vehicles acceptance in Hungary

Balázs Horváth Dilshad Mohammed

Publication Name: International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-10-25

Volume: 15

Issue: 3

Page Range: 435-447

Description:

The integration of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) into our modern society hinges on gaining widespread acceptance from potential road users. To indicate the preparedness of these road users and elucidate their perspectives regarding the use of AVs in future, it is imperative to conduct surveys gauging public acceptance and satisfaction with this emerging mode of transportation. This paper reports the results of a comprehensive questionnaire study involving 1,000 individuals in Gyor City. The survey's primary objective was to assess participants' attitudes and willingness to embrace autonomous vehicles within the city's road networks. The study delved into various socio-demographic factors, such as age, gender, and employment status, while also exploring participants' prior knowledge and opinions regarding the advantages and limitations of AVs. The findings reveal a generally favorable disposition among the public toward the inclusion of AVs in urban traffic, paving the way for the acceptance of mixed traffic patterns. Notably, respondents in younger age groups exhibit greater enthusiasm for incorporating AVs into their daily transportation, whereas individuals aged 65 and above express more reservations, displaying a conservative outlook. Furthermore, participants with prior knowledge and a deeper understanding of AVs exhibit a markedly more positive inclination toward this emerging technology compared to those lacking such familiarity.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/1848.2024.00769

Immersive VR user interaction design in MaxWhere XR

Péter Galambos György Persa Tamás Budai Dániel Mészáros Norbert Rajos Benedek Heilig Sára Puspán Gábor Peller Csaba Tóth

Publication Name: Cinti 2024 IEEE 24th International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 111-116

Description:

This paper presents a case study on transitioning user experience from desktop VR to immersive VR within the MaxWhere XR framework. It explores modifications to accommodate the shift to immersive virtual reality environments. Drawing from scientific research, the study focuses on user interaction design, including locomotion techniques, spatial UI elements, and hybrid interaction models. The paper details the technical implementations required to use MaxWhere XR on wide variety of VR devices. It presents the components form the foundation for designing and implementing the immersive user interactions, ensuring that they are intuitive and efficient in a virtual reality environment. Finally, the paper outlines the effects of these changes on user experience and suggests future development directions for further enhancement.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CINTI63048.2024.10830883

Development of a multibody model for go-karts considering frame flexibility

Ambrus Zelei Krisztián Horváth

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2024-10-16

Volume: 19

Issue: 3

Page Range: 66-73

Description:

This study focuses on the optimization dynamics of racing go-karts, which is heavily influenced by the frame's stiffness. Lacking suspensions and differentials, go-karts rely on the frame stiffness for wheel balancing and skid prevention by lifting the inner rear wheel during turns. Utilizing a rigid-flexible model in MSC Software ADAMS View, validated by frame deformation measurements, this research integrates finite element analysis with multibody techniques. The model, leverages computer aided design files for frame geometry and employs finite element analysis for frame validation. It facilitates evaluating go-kart dynamics through simulations, aiding in maneuver testing and design optimization. This approach provides a comprehensive framework for advancing go-kart designs.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2024.01050

Field Application of Austenitic Filler Metals for Repairing Rail Surface Defects in Paved Tracks

Szabolcs Fischer Mykola Sysyn Dmytro Kurhan Dóra Harangozó András Brautigam

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 1258 LNNS

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 87-95

Description:

Previous research by the authors identified a welding technology to repair rail defects in tramways with partial disassembly and partial preheating, with the following main advantages for the operator: the process can be carried out during operational downtime or even during traffic, disassembly, and repair costs are reduced, and traffic disruption is reduced compared to conventional hard surfacing welding technologies. After welding, the hardening under traffic should approach the vehicle wheels’ hardness values (310–350 HB). In the track measurements under investigation, welds were made on two different rail grades using austenitic weld metal with high elongation relative to the rails, which was also compared with welds made by conventional hard surfacing welding. The present study aims to determine the hardening function of austenitic dowel bars at different layer counts by performing continuous hardness measurements at the investigated sites. The hardening shows a power function at the initial stage and a linear trend after about 2.5 million MGT.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-81799-1_9

The Application of DIC in Criminology Analysis Procedures to Measure Skin Deformation

Szabolcs Fischer Szabolcs Szalai Mykola Sysyn Jianxing Liu Brigitta Fruzsina Szívós Dániel Kocsis

Publication Name: Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 10

Issue: 4

Page Range: 817-829

Description:

In engineering, DIC is a widely used measurement technique. Its major advantage is that it provides real-time results (displacements, accelerations, stresses, strains, deformations) of the surface under examination relatively quickly and without contact. However, its application in medicine, biomechanics, and the field of criminalistics is novel. The present research focuses mainly on the frontier areas of forensics and medicine. The research aims to define the test boundary conditions and preparatory activities to measure the surface of the animal and then human skin. Injuries caused by low-energy ballistic bullets, blunt-force trauma, and cuts and punctures caused by knives and/or blades will be investigated. The present research focuses on puncture injuries in animal skin. The main challenge is to create a speckle pattern on the surface that can track deformation well. The research is about developing and validating this. The GOM ARAMIS measurement system was applied for the measurements. This paper demonstrates that a suitable preparation, painting procedure, and measurement setup has been established to measure the above effects, i.e., to identify displacements and deformations of up to tenths of a millimeter with sufficient accuracy. The evaluation of the results will also show that this method could be used in forensic applications, the automotive industry, medical orthopedics, and the textile industry.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.22055/jacm.2024.46966.4634

Instance Segmentation in Industry 5.0 Applications Based on the Automated Generation of Point Clouds

Adam Csapo Cristina Rosaria Monsone

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 22

Issue: 6

Page Range: 25-46

Description:

In this paper, we explore the utility of classical neural network-based approaches, originally designed for processing 2D images, in semantic segmentation and object recognition tasks within the context of 3D point cloud images generated from handheld video recordings. Our investigation centers around the use of a custom-created, small-sized training dataset, consisting of 108 RGB images of humans and cobots in diverse industrial settings. This dataset allows us to demonstrate that flexible segmentation and recognition applications can be built even with a restricted dataset developed using widely available low-cost tools and modern convolutional neural net architectures. Downstream benefits of the approach include the ability to detect humans and human gestures, as well as to rapidly prototype digital twins in Industry 5.0 environments.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.22.6.2025.6.3