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Sustainability in Folk Culture: Transmission of a Traditional Blue Dyeing Technique in Győr

Zsuzsanna Lanczendorfer Balázs Varga

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 235-240

Description:

Based on blue-dyer masters’ experience, we can say that people are still interested in the technology of traditional blue dyeing. There are many people participating in trade shows. Moreover, people tend to buy and use the products produced this way. Based on the proposal of the Intellectual Cultural Heritage Professional Committee of the Hungarian National Committee of UNESCO, the tradition of blue dyeing became part of the National Register of Intellectual Cultural Heritage in 2015. Then, in 2018, to the proposal of five countries, including Hungary, the traditional trade of blue-dyeing was recognised, which thus became part of the list of intellectual cultural heritage of UNESCO. In the elaboration of the petition of nomination, a master of Győr, Ildikó Tóth and her family participated. In our study, we are giving an overview of the history of blue-dyeing, which can be dated from the end of the 17th century, of the spreading of the main techniques, and also of the state of the number of blue-dyers. Beyond the above-mentioned issues, we are dealing with the history of blue-dyeing in Győr, mentioning the more important masters, as well as the mark of the trade, which can be seen until now. In the main part of our study, we are introducing a blue-dyeing workshop in Győr, where they manufacture textiles using original devices and technology until the present day. Apart from this, we are pointing out the family story of the blue-dyer family Éhring, which embraces five generations. Moreover, we are presenting their work done in the survival of our cultural heritage, in popular education and community development, with the help of the interviews made with Ildikó Tóth and her family – who has recently received the title ‘Master of Folk Culture’. In the study, we are also publishing true stories about blue-dyer masters, about the trade and the above-mentioned family.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107040

SMART CITY INDICATORS AND THE CONCEPTUAL PROBLEMS OF MEASURING SMART CITIES

Dusek Tamás

Publication Name: Deturope

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 3

Page Range: 172-184

Description:

As the popularity of smart city research is increasing, the measurement of smartness became also a popular research topic. This is in accordance with the demand of the planners and project financing institutions for the success indicators, and with the observable tendency of new indicators for describing the settlements from the point of view of the quality of life, liveability, creativity, environment, social capital, development and many other fashionable research aspects of modern urban societies. Analyses through such indicators run the risk of taking a mechanistic, technocratic, superficial approach to complex urban systems, ignoring the complex causal relationships between urban subsystems and the interpretative and statistical uncertainties behind the indicators. Moreover, these composite or complex indicators merge very different basic indicators, often with low data quality and validity. This paper focuses on the uncertainties of smart city indicators, which are often used to form composite indicators that moreover form the basis for comparisons of smartness of cities. The transformation of a multi-indicator system into a one-dimensional metric scale is a highly questionable practice. Composite indicators, despite their popularity, are methodologically and conceptually highly problematic analytical tools for researchers and normative targets for policy makers.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.32725/det.2024.016

FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE BUILDING DESIGN – UTILIZING PARAMETRIC DESIGN AND BIM IN THE CONCEPTUAL DESIGN PHASE

János Szép Kitti Ajtayné Károlyfi Álmos Semjén

Publication Name: Iet Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2025-09-01

Volume: 2025

Issue: 19

Page Range: 69-75

Description:

The long-term performance and environmental impact of buildings are significantly influenced by decisions made during the initial design phase. Moreover, the conceptual and schematic design stages are where modifications can be implemented with the lowest cost implications and the greatest ease. Therefore, these phases play a crucial role in the exploration, evaluation, and comparison of various alternatives, facilitating the creation of more sustainable buildings. In this study, we propose the development of a decision-support framework that leverages the advantages of integrating parametric design with the Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology. While parametric design enables the rapid generation of alternatives by modifying either geometric or non-geometric parameters, the application of database-linked models and BIM methodology allows for various analyses and simulations, such as energy performance, sustainability, and structural assessments. By evaluating the results obtained and optimizing the data, an efficient decision-support tool can be established.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1049/icp.2025.2676

From Voice to Action: Upholding Children’s Right to Participation in Shaping Policies and Laws for Digital Safety and Well-Being

Enikő Kovács-Szépvölgyi Roland Kelemen Dorina Anna Tóth

Publication Name: Societies

Publication Date: 2025-09-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 9

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

While the digital environment offers new opportunities to realise children’s rights, their right to participation remains insufficiently reflected in digital policy frameworks. This study analyses the right of the child to be heard in the academic literature and in the existing international legal and EU regulatory frameworks. It explores how children’s participation right is incorporated into EU and national digital policies and examines how genuine engagement can strengthen children’s digital resilience and support their well-being. By applying the 7C model of coping skills and analysing its interaction with the right to participation, the study highlights how these elements mutually reinforce the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Through a qualitative analysis of key strategic documents and the relevant policy literature, the research identifies the tension between the formal acknowledgment of children’s right to participate and its practical implementation at law- and policy-making levels within the digital context. Although the European Union’s examined strategies emphasise children’s participation, their practical implementation often remains abstract and fragmented at the state level. While the new BIK+ strategy shows a stronger formal emphasis on child participation, this positive development in policy language has not yet translated into a substantive change in children’s influence at the state level. This nuance highlights that despite a positive trend in policy rhetoric, the essential dimension of genuine influence remains underdeveloped.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/soc15090243

Impact of green fiscal policy on the collaborative reduction of pollution and carbon emissions: Evidence from energy saving and emission reduction policy in China

Lóránt Dávid Dong Xu Kai Zhu Tingting Bai Shenghao Bi

Publication Name: Oeconomia Copernicana

Publication Date: 2024-12-30

Volume: 15

Issue: 4

Page Range: 1263-1302

Description:

Research background:Since China is facing the dual challenges of environmental pollution and climate change, how to effectively deal with the collaborative reduction of pollution and carbon emissions (CRPCE) has become an important problem. Energy saving and emission reduction fiscal policy (ESER), as a green fiscal policy, plays an important role in solving China's environmental problems. Purpose of the article: The aim of this study is to analyze the direct impacts, mechanisms and spatial spillover effects of the ESER policy on the CRPCE through theoretical and empirical analyses, thereby providing practical and feasible fiscal-related policy proposals for developing countries like China to achieve low-carbon development. Methods: Difference-in-differences method (DID), spatial DID. Findings & value added: Based on panel data from 274 Chinese cities, this study analyzes the impact of ESER policy on the CRPCE. The findings demonstrate that the ESER policy effectively enhances the CRPCE. The mechanism analysis demonstrates that the impact of the ESER policy is realized by promoting green technology innovation, improving energy efficiency, and increasing industrial structure upgrading. The heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that the ESER policy can be more effective in enhancing the CRPCE when it is implemented in northern, resource-based, and high fiscal self-sufficiency cities. The spatial analysis results suggest that ESER policy attenuates the CRPCE of neighboring cities. In addition, the co-implementation of the ESER policy and the innovation policy is more effective in enhancing the CRPCE, but cities are required to implement the innovation policy first. This study broadens the research perspective on the synergistic effects of green fiscal policy in reducing pollutant and carbon emissions, and offers a useful guide for other developing countries on green fiscal policy.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24136/oc.3159

Surface Waviness of EV Gears and NVH Effects—A Comprehensive Review

Daniel Feszty Krisztián Horváth

Publication Name: World Electric Vehicle Journal

Publication Date: 2025-09-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 9

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Electric vehicle (EV) drivetrains operate at high rotational speeds, which makes the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) performance of gear transmissions a critical design factor. Without the masking effect of an internal combustion engine, gear whine can become a prominent source of passenger discomfort. This paper provides the first comprehensive review focused specifically on gear tooth surface waviness, a subtle manufacturing-induced deviation that can excite tonal noise. Periodic, micron-scale undulations caused by finishing processes such as grinding may generate non-meshing frequency “ghost orders,” leading to tonal complaints even in high-quality gears. The article compares finishing technologies including honing and superfinishing, showing their influence on waviness and acoustic behavior. It also summarizes modern waviness detection techniques, from single-flank rolling tests to optical scanning systems, and highlights data-driven predictive approaches using machine learning. Industrial case studies illustrate the practical challenges of managing waviness, while recent proposals such as controlled surface texturing are also discussed. The review identifies gaps in current research: (i) the lack of standardized waviness metrics for consistent comparison across studies; (ii) the limited validation of digital twin approaches against measured data; and (iii) the insufficient integration of machine learning with physics-based models. Addressing these gaps will be essential for linking surface finish specifications with NVH performance, reducing development costs, and improving passenger comfort in EV transmissions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/wevj16090540

Evaluation of Autonomous Vehicle Takeover Performance in Work-Zone Environment †

Attila Borsos Viktor Nagy Ágoston Pál Sándor Diovane Mateus da Luz

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The advent of autonomous vehicles (AV) could revolutionize the automotive industry by significantly improving safety, efficiency, and accessibility. Despite their potential to improve traffic safety by reducing human error, their integration into existing transportation systems presents significant challenges. This is particularly evident in scenarios involving takeover events, where there is a transition of control from the vehicle to the human driver. Our driving simulator study, involving 14 drivers in a work-zone environment, provides critical insights into the takeover performance of level 3 to level 5 AVs. The findings suggest that the successful integration of AVs depends on their seamless incorporation into existing systems and the readiness of drivers to adapt to this emerging technology.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079059

Some basic questions of measurement and measurement theory

Dusek Tamás

Publication Name: Statisztikai Szemle

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 102

Issue: 2

Page Range: 107-157

Description:

Statistical analysis has a special relationship to measurement. For it, measurement and measurement theory not only provide the data on which analysis is based, but are also a source of important uncertainties in theoretical, methodological and applied research. A detailed presentation of measurement issues is therefore justified, together with the different approaches and the arguments behind them. After a careful discussion of the everyday and scientific meanings of measurement, the paper deals with the different meanings and conceptions of measurement, and then turn to the drastic change in meaning in social statistics in the mid-20th century. Then the theory of measurement scales, their criticism and proposals for expansion will be discussed, and finally some of the specific aspects of Likert-type statements that cannot be placed within the framework of measurement scales will be examined. One of the conclusions of the paper is that the Stevens system of measurement scales cannot be regarded as an adequate description of data types.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.20311/stat2024.02.hu0107

Robustness of a flux-intensifying permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance machine focusing on shifted surface-inset ferrite magnets

Mihaly Katona Tamas Orosz

Publication Name: Computers and Structures

Publication Date: 2025-09-01

Volume: 316

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Flux-intensifying permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance machines use relatively small amounts of non-rare earth permanent magnets, making them viable alternatives for remanufacturing older machines, aligning with EU directives and circular economy principles. The asymmetric rotor topology is particularly suited for micromobility applications, which benefit from shifting inset magnets, as reverse motoring is rarely required. However, this design could be more sensitive to manufacturing and positioning errors of the magnets. To investigate the effects of the uncertainties of the shifted surface inset magnets, first, an optimal topology is selected based on average torque, torque ripple, and cogging torque using the NSGA-II optimisation method. The effects of the magnet shifting and its robustness are analysed using the Taguchi and ANOVA methods, validated by Full Factorial calculations. Results indicate a 31.25 % reduction in permanent magnet volume without compromising torque output with magnet shifting. The machine's average and cogging torque remain within a 5 % robustness threshold for a ±0.06 mm discrete manufacturing tolerance. Torque ripple may exceed this limit up to 14.77 %. However, the likelihood of exceeding the threshold is only 12.10 %. The reduced magnet volume and maintained performance make this topology a promising option for remanufactured machines in micromobility applications, supporting circular economy goals.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107845