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Found 6327 publications

The past, the present and the future of online road vehicle diagnosis from car and scan tool communication perspective

István Lakatos Jozsef Nagy

Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

Publication Date: 2023-09-15

Volume: 39

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 52-58

Description:

In the luxury vehicle class, online internet connection has become a standard feature in the recent years. This process is likely to spread completely in all vehicle categories in the coming years. In the past, computer supported vehicle diagnostics started with On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) I standard in the late 1960's. This has been followed by OBD II in 1996, which allows a fully standardization regardless of vehicle manufacturer and models, based on a generic scan tool. Even its communication with the vehicle electronic architecture has been developed rapidly followed by the new technologies. This way of car analysis has been extended also for non-emission related functions. Online data collecting and analysis provides not only solutions in the car production and service but in its development process too. For example, it can help you to set realistic thresholds by defining an OBD strategy for many in-car systems and functions to avoid customer complaints, warranty costs and recalls afterwards. From predictive maintenance / repair perspective it is possible to monitor material properties, vibrations, damages potentials also in processes e.g. welding and soldering. The dynamic development of telecommunication and automotive technologies hand in hand will provide completely new ways for 'car to diagnostics back end' communication in the future without using a scan tool device and its physical in-vehicle interface.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/ATDE230419

Changes in automotive value chain participation on the integrated periphery-The case of Czechia and Hungary

Magdolna Sass Jana Vlčková Koppány Krisztián Gáspár Tamás

Publication Name: Society and Economy

Publication Date: 2023-09-15

Volume: 45

Issue: 3

Page Range: 335-354

Description:

Central and Eastern European countries, including Czechia and Hungary, have become parts of the integrated periphery in the automotive industry. Through input-output analysis, company data and interviews, the article reveals the determining role of the industry in both economies and their deep integration in global value chains (GVCs). In addition to these similarities, the analysis reveals that domestic, simple and complex global value chain performances, ownership structures, the scale and types of upgrading tendencies as well as the consequences of the appearance of newcomers in the industry show different patterns of GVC structures over time. Due to these, the development paths of the two countries widely differ.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/204.2023.00003

Foreign trade relations of Hungary with China: A global value chain perspective

Magdolna Sass Koppány Krisztián Shulei Bi Gáspár Tamás

Publication Name: Society and Economy

Publication Date: 2023-09-15

Volume: 45

Issue: 3

Page Range: 229-249

Description:

Trade analysis for open economies is strategically important. Even though Hungarian trade relations are oriented towards the EU, the direct and indirect influence of Asia, mainly China, needs special attention. The paper focuses on direct bilateral relations between Hungary and China. The global value chain perspective enables the research to detect inter- and intra-industry dependencies and unfold and compare the industry focuses and dynamics of backward and forward linkages between 2000 and 2018. We used a mixed methodology, combining input-output analysis with company case studies based on a wide range of literature both from Chinese and East-Central European researchers. The findings support the significance of global value chain relations, highlight the restructuring of Hungarian trade relations with China over the past twenty years, and indicate the strong concentration of relations in terms of the number of companies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/204.2023.00018

Hungary's inflationary exposures to global price movements

Pál Pusztai Peter Vakhal Koppány Krisztián

Publication Name: Society and Economy

Publication Date: 2023-09-15

Volume: 45

Issue: 3

Page Range: 186-207

Description:

This paper investigates Hungary's inflationary exposures to global price movements using a simple cost-push input-output price model and a database of inflation-to-output price elasticities (Global Inflation-to-Output Price Elasticity Database, GIOPED) developed on the basis of the OECD's Inter-Country Input-Output Tables. Inflation elasticities are decomposed into local, simple, and complex global value chain effects by applying Wang's decomposition scheme (Wang et al. 2017) to price movements and inflation. Our empirical analysis based on GIOPED elasticities shows that Hungary is highly exposed to global value chain price transmissions originating in Germany, Austria, and Russia; and in particular to changes in energy prices. The crude oil and natural gas price boom and the resulting energy crises caused a significant increase in consumer price levels in Hungary; however, this explains only a fraction of current inflation rates.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/204.2023.00015

Exchange interaction between two quantum dots coupled through a superconducting island

Rok Žitko Ádám Bácsi Luka Pavešić

Publication Name: Physical Review B

Publication Date: 2023-09-15

Volume: 108

Issue: 11

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

We present a theoretical study of a system consisting of a superconducting island and two quantum dots, a possible platform for building qubits and Cooper pair splitters, in the regime where each dot hosts a single electron and, hence, carries a magnetic moment. We focus on the case where the dots are coupled to overlapping superconductor states and we study whether the spins are ferromagnetically or antiferromagnetically aligned. We show that if the total number of particles is even the spins align antiferromagnetically in the flatband limit, i.e., when the bandwidth of the superconductor is negligibly small, but they align ferromagnetically if the bandwidth is finite and above some value. If the total number of particles is odd, the alignment is ferromagnetic independently from the bandwidth. This implies that the results of the flatband limit are applicable only within a restricted parameter regime for realistic superconducting qubit systems and that some care is required in applying simplified models to devices such as Cooper pair splitters.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.108.115160

A developed probabilistic elasto-plastic bi-directional structural optimization framework

Majid Movahedi Rad Muayad Habashneh

Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

Publication Date: 2023-09-15

Volume: 39

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-8

Description:

This work introduces a new approach for probabilistic elastoplastic topology optimization based on the improved bidirectional structural optimization (BESO) technique. To consider uncertainties, the volume fraction and the material properties are considered randomly. Thus, the reliability-based design is integrated into the deterministic design by applying a reliability constraint to the optimization problem. Furthermore, using limit analysis, a bound is applied to the plastic limit load multipliers to govern the plastic behavior of the problems. Results from a 2D benchmark problem are used to illustrate how adequate the approach that has been provided is. Also, a 2D elastoplastic numerical example is shown to illustrate the proposed method's capability of identifying the best topology for elastoplastic models in the context of reliability-based design. The results indicate that the reliability constraints work effectively as a bound that reduces the yielding states.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/ATDE230413

State-of-the-Art: Integrating Fastener Technology and Design Guidelines for Enhanced Performance of Cold-Formed Steel Sections

Ardalan B. Hussein F. Papp

Publication Name: Buildings

Publication Date: 2023-09-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 9

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Cold-formed steel (CFS) elements have gained significant attention in the field of structural engineering due to their numerous advantages, including high strength-to-weight ratio, cost-effectiveness, and ease of assembly and prefabrication. This review paper presents a comprehensive state-of-the-art analysis of the design and analysis of CFS structures, with a specific focus on columns and beams. The primary objectives and aims of this review paper are to provide a detailed assessment of the factors influencing the behavior and performance of CFS elements, including partial composite action, fastener spacing, bolt arrangement, web aperture, stiffeners, and connection spacing, to propose and present various formulas and methodologies that accurately estimate critical buckling loads, strength, and moment resistance for CFS members, and to emphasize the significance of proper screw and bolt placement in preventing premature failure and enhancing the overall load-carrying capacity of CFS structures. Additionally, the impact of temperature on the mechanical properties and performance of CFS members is discussed. The review paper proposes different formulas and methodologies to accurately estimate critical buckling loads, strength, and moment resistance for CFS members. Moreover, the paper highlights the importance of proper screw and bolt placement to prevent early failure and improve the overall load-carrying capacity of CFS structures. The discussion also emphasizes the need for revisions in existing standards and codes to provide more practical guidelines for designers and engineers. Overall, this state-of-the-art review paper provides valuable insights and recommendations for researchers and practitioners involved in the design and analysis of CFS elements.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/buildings13092338

Examining the Naringin Content and Sensory Characteristics of Functional Chocolate Fortified with Grapefruit Peel Extract

Beatrix Sik Aron Csuti Zsolt Ajtony

Publication Name: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition

Publication Date: 2023-09-01

Volume: 78

Issue: 3

Page Range: 533-538

Description:

Grapefruit peel contains a high concentration of naringin- a potent antioxidant with strong bioactive properties. In this study, a new type of functional chocolate fortified with grapefruit peel extract and different concentrations of aqueous methanol and ethanol were evaluated as extraction solvents. A new high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to analyze the naringin content of the fortified chocolates was developed with a recovery of 107% ± 3.1% and repeatability below 3.5%. A sensory evaluation was conducted to assess the preference for the chocolates among individuals who self-described a preference for bitter flavors. No significant preference was observed in the cases of astringency and aftertaste while the increased bitterness proved to be favorable. However, taste, flavor and overall acceptability were regarded somewhat less favorably. While chocolate proved to be a satisfactory carrier for naringin and had several enjoyable characteristics, further research may focus on improving the organoleptic properties of chocolates fortified by naringin.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01091-5

Cumulative and Rolling Horizon Prediction of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) with Machine Learning

János Jósvai Péter Dobra

Publication Name: Big Data and Cognitive Computing

Publication Date: 2023-09-01

Volume: 7

Issue: 3

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Nowadays, one of the important and indispensable conditions for the effectiveness and competitiveness of industrial companies is the high efficiency of manufacturing and assembly. These enterprises based on different methods and tools systematically monitor their efficiency metrics with Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). One of these most frequently used metrics is Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), the product of availability, performance and quality. In addition to monitoring, it is also necessary to predict efficiency, which can be implemented with the support of machine learning techniques. This paper presents and compares several supervised machine learning techniques amongst other polynomial regression, lasso regression, ridge regression and gradient boost regression. The aim of this article is to determine the best estimation method for semiautomatic assembly line and large batch size. The case study presented with a real industrial example gives the answer as to which of the cumulative or rolling horizon prediction methods is more accurate.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/bdcc7030138