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Found 6327 publications

The impact of unpredictable resource prices and equity volatility in advanced and emerging economies: An econometric and machine learning approach

Laszlo Vasa Ashutosh Kolte Jewel Kumar Roy

Publication Name: Resources Policy

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 80

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Global stock markets are incredibly unpredictable. Resource prices have a significant market impact on varying securities. With the use of cutting-edge technology like artificial intelligence, analysts and researchers are employing various machine learning techniques and econometrics methodologies to anticipate stock price trends in order to better comprehend stock market volatility. Volatility is the degree of variation in a time sequence of market rates. Stock market equity returns depend on the business output where the investor has trust in high and low equity. This research explores the interaction between industrialized and developing economies' market volatility relationships between 2000 and 2020 as well as the aforementioned impacts taking place on developing financial prudence worldwide. The aim of the study is to integrate an appropriate GARCH framework to estimate the uncertainty dependent on market conditions in the European Union, the Pacific, South America, Latin America, East Asia, West Asia and South Asia stock return indices. The Generalized Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity method is used for analyzing the effect of updates from the USA that influences the returns of S&P 500 globally as well as European Union, Pacific, South American, Latin American, East Asian, West Asian and South Asian indices returns. For capital markets of the world, there is a significant gap in equity return uncertainty. Such results have major effects on investors looking to diversify their portfolios. For international and domestic institutional shareholders, this paper is significant. The impact of international institutional investors' investments and effects of the growth of the equity market return may be omitted as the analysis is restricted exclusively to the European Union, the Pacific, South America, Latin America, East Asia, West Asia, and South Asia.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.103216

Identifying Driver Behaviours Contributing to Road Safety Among Different Modes at Road Junctions, Peri-Urban Areas, Thailand

Pawinee Iamtrakul Emese Makó Sararad Chayphong

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 589-594

Description:

The mismatch between land use and road layout has led to high traffic volumes in unsafe conditions in periurban areas. This is also the case in Pathumthai Province, which was selected as a study area, as one of the areas surrounding Bangkok, the megacity of Thailand. For this study, an attempt was made to focus on 4 points of road junctions of multi-lane highways and to observe their longitudinal differences with their speeds. The results showed that traffic volume has a major impact on accident risk, especially at higher traffic volumes and in mixed-traffic situations. The risk is increased by the presence of commercial vehicles mixed with smaller vehicles (e.g. motorcycles), which require sufficient distance between following vehicles. The novelty of this paper is identifying driver behaviours through the use of prototype CCTV technology and distinguishing the role that types of drivers' vehicles play in mitigating risks in different travel patterns, considering the safety aspects of highway design and land use.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107099

Comprehensive Laboratory Test Series for Timber-Concrete Composite Structures

Majid Movahedi Rad Dániel Harrach

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 20

Issue: 1

Page Range: 231-250

Description:

Timber-concrete composite structures are not as widespread as traditional steel-concrete fabrications; this structural design still has many critical points that require tests on laboratory specimens. This paper presents the complex testing process of timber-concrete composite structures, which must be followed from the investigation of the possibilities of connecting timber and concrete to each other, through the tests of bended beams acting as timber-concrete composites, to the laboratory tests of full-scale custom-designed timber-concrete composite bridge structures subjected to both concentrated and distributed loads. In this study, to improve the flexural properties of timber beams, carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates are attached externally to timber elements. To verify the behavior of the designed structure, we built a full-scale experimental structure and performed a load test. In the laboratory tests, the serviceability limit states, standard loads and load arrangements were investigated. The results of the loading experiments were evaluated. The bridge structures in this article will be placed outdoors after completion of the tests, where they will be used as pedestrian-bicycle bridges. In the case of the examined structures, it was an important aspect, to use elements that are commercially available and suitable for use in the Hungarian design and regulatory systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.20.1.2023.20.16

Comparative analysis of labour markets in Ukraine, Armenia, Moldova, and Estonia: Institutional approach, 1995–2020

Laszlo Vasa Aliaksei Zhurauliou Olena Gulevych Jordan Palomino

Publication Name: Regional Statistics

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 1

Page Range: 149-166

Description:

The study investigates the labour market and economic transformation in Armenia, Estonia, Moldova, and Ukraine. After the 30th anniversary since gaining independence. all 15 former Soviet states demonstrated different speeds and results of economic transition. While Estonia is known as the most successful post-Soviet state, Ukraine and Moldova are still transforming their economies towards joining the EU, and Armenia is part of the pro-Russian economic bloc. This study aims to compare labour markets through the prism of institutional transformations. The econometric modelling revealed the relationship between institutional aspects of the labour market and further economic development. The labour market of the post-Soviet countries in general, and those of Ukraine, Armenia, Moldova, and Estonia in particular, do not constitute a significant part of the global labour market. However, their important regional features allow us to assess the level of institutional transformations of the economies of these countries. The tools and methodological approaches used in this study can be used for further research in the field of labour and institutional economics to understand the transformational processes of different speeds that are taking place in the post-Soviet space. The choice of countries for research is due to their inclusion in the economic complex of the former USSR, being in Europe, the polarity of the integration course, similar demographic trends, and since the authors of this study had the opportunity to visit these countries in 2020–2021. The random-effect regression model results indicated that the life expectancy at birth has a statistically significant impact on GDP, unlike traditional labour market indicators such as years of schooling, unemployment, and female participation in labour force

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.15196/RS130107

Cultural Impact on Environmental Sustainability Practices: a Comparative Study using Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

Heba F. Zaher

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 157-162

Description:

As the importance of environmental sustainability grows on a global scale, it is crucial to understand the factors that impact a country’s adoption and implementation of sustainable practices. This study aims to investigate the relationship between cultural factors outlined by Hofstede’s framework and the adoption and implementation of environmental sustainability practices across countries. Using data about 87 countries from the World Bank database during the period 2015-2019 regarding environment indicators and the Hofstede Insights website regarding cultural dimensions of the countries, this study finds that out of the six cultural dimensions proposed by Hofstede, the power distance and indulgence dimensions have an effect on environmental sustainability practices of countries. Specifically, low power distance and high indulgence lead to more robust environmental sustainability practices. On the other hand, individualism, masculinity-femininity, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation dimensions have no significant impact on the environmental sustainability practices of countries.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107027

Detecting and Locating Signal Leakages from Cable TV Networks – A Case Study

Péter Vári Hussein Taha

Publication Name: International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 69

Issue: 3

Page Range: 529-536

Description:

Since the digitalization of terrestrial television, many countries have discontinued television broadcasting in the UHF band. The freed-up frequencies are now available as digital dividends for mobile and fixed wireless access communication networks (MFCN), particularly for 4G/5G and public safety services in broadband called BBPPDR. Since cable TV still uses the UHF band, leakage from cable TV networks is the most common cause of interference in MFCN networks. Insufficient containment of the radio frequency signals transmitted through a cable system results in cable signal leakage. This article investigates the significance of controlling electromagnetic signal leaks from cable TV networks and how they impact authorized and standardized MFCN networks in the digital dividend bands. The periodic drive-test approach to detect and measure electromagnetic leakage from a cable TV system in the 700 MHz band at a site is detailed. The causes of the detected leaks and offered the appropriate procedure to repair them are also discussed. Additionally, the current measures taken in Hungary to address cable television signal leakage in the digital dividend bands are also discussed and alternative strategies for the adopted test drive approach are proposed.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2023.146502

The Role of Public Transport in Transport Safety and Public Safety

Agoston Winkler Diána Henézi

Publication Name: Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 23

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 505-512

Description:

Public transport has a significant role in sustainable urban transport including the reduction of congestion, noise and air pollution. The main purpose of this paper is to present other important impacts of public transport i.e., the improvement of transport safety and public safety, too. Public transport is one of the safest transport modes according to the indication numbers in traffic accident and injuries. This phenomenon is illustrated through literature research as well as statistical data. Further opportunities are presented with a case study based on the transport system of the city of Győr, especially the positive impacts of the possible expansion of night public transport services. The severity of traffic accidents at nights is significant, and the enhancement of public safety is outstanding. Marketing is one of the most important tools for attitude formation, the paper contains some suggestions in this regard as well as in order to promote the goals above.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.55549/epstem.1374907

INNER SHEAR RESISTANCE INCREASING EFFECT OF CONCRETE CANVAS IN BALLASTED RAILWAY TRACKS

Szabolcs Fischer Szabolcs Szalai Mykola Sysyn Jianxing Liu Dániel Harrach B. Eller

Publication Name: Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: 2

Page Range: 64-70

Description:

Purpose. To prove that the GCCM (geosynthetic cementitious composite mat) – type Concrete Canvas (CC) – is an adequate supplementary layer on the top of the subgrade. As its drainage function is known, this article tries to prove the reinforcement possibility. This layer is relatively thin; nevertheless, it can behave like the geogrids. It is the main path to finding out the opportunity of the interlocking effect and its impact on the railway ballast’s inner shear resistance. Methodology. The laboratory measurements were performed in a multilevel shear box, which allows simulating the multilevel shift of the ballast layer. The tests were planned with and without the CC layer. After shearing, the samples were also tested for loadbearing capacity (E2; according to the Hungarian Standard) and particle breakage. On the other hand, the contact surface between the lowest part of the ballast and CC was also measured by a sophisticated 3D laser scanner (GOM ATOS) and graphically by AutoCAD software. Findings. After the results of the laboratory experiments are analyzed, the following parameters are calculated and determined: 1) the reinforcement ratio as the tangent of the inner shear resistance curves in the 5–15 mm horizontal shearing interval as well as the area under graphs by integration in the 0–40 mm interval; 2) the change in loadbearing capacity of the layerstructure with and without CC; 3) the amount of the cement particles; 4) the amount of the broken particles; 5) contact surface between the lowest layer of ballast and CC; 6) flatness of CC sheets after shearing. Based on the results, the Concrete Canvas provides significant reinforcement to the railway ballast. Originality. Any other type of measurement with Concrete Canvas in a multilevel shear box is unknown. The topic is unique. Practical value. In the future, these results may provide baseline data to verify the suitability of the Concrete Canvas in the railway sub or superstructure for various types of transport.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2023-2/064

Sustainability in Folk Culture: Transmission of a Traditional Blue Dyeing Technique in Győr

Zsuzsanna Lanczendorfer Balázs Varga

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 235-240

Description:

Based on blue-dyer masters’ experience, we can say that people are still interested in the technology of traditional blue dyeing. There are many people participating in trade shows. Moreover, people tend to buy and use the products produced this way. Based on the proposal of the Intellectual Cultural Heritage Professional Committee of the Hungarian National Committee of UNESCO, the tradition of blue dyeing became part of the National Register of Intellectual Cultural Heritage in 2015. Then, in 2018, to the proposal of five countries, including Hungary, the traditional trade of blue-dyeing was recognised, which thus became part of the list of intellectual cultural heritage of UNESCO. In the elaboration of the petition of nomination, a master of Győr, Ildikó Tóth and her family participated. In our study, we are giving an overview of the history of blue-dyeing, which can be dated from the end of the 17th century, of the spreading of the main techniques, and also of the state of the number of blue-dyers. Beyond the above-mentioned issues, we are dealing with the history of blue-dyeing in Győr, mentioning the more important masters, as well as the mark of the trade, which can be seen until now. In the main part of our study, we are introducing a blue-dyeing workshop in Győr, where they manufacture textiles using original devices and technology until the present day. Apart from this, we are pointing out the family story of the blue-dyer family Éhring, which embraces five generations. Moreover, we are presenting their work done in the survival of our cultural heritage, in popular education and community development, with the help of the interviews made with Ildikó Tóth and her family – who has recently received the title ‘Master of Folk Culture’. In the study, we are also publishing true stories about blue-dyer masters, about the trade and the above-mentioned family.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107040