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Found 6319 publications

Motives underlying water sport tourist behaviour: a segmentation approach

László Tóth Miklós Bánhidi Noémi Gyömbér Kinga Zsuzsanna Nagy Kata Tóth

Publication Name: World Leisure Journal

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 63

Issue: 1

Page Range: 109-127

Description:

Sport tourism is a heterogeneous phenomenon with diverse motivations. However, the field of water sport tourism has not yet been intensely analyzed. The purpose of this study was twofold. Firstly, the study aimed to unfold the consumer profile of water sport tourists. Secondly, the role of demographic variables and behavioural attributes concerning flow experience in the activities was unveiled. Since flow has the potential of sustaining participation in physical activity pursuits as well as raising destination loyalty, its analysis in the field of leisure and tourism is of utmost interest. A quantitative research method was chosen. The subjects were 297 Hungarian water sport participants. Data were analyzed through k-means clustering and a multivariate general linear model using SPSS software. First, the cluster analysis yielded four clusters based on sport and tourism motivations, namely: Sport-oriented, Leisure-ignoring, Leisure-oriented, Social-oriented groups. Second, in the “Absorption in the Activity” dimension of flow experience, females demonstrated higher scores than males, and participants showed significant differences according to their skill levels. Furthermore, as a predictor variable, flow Absorption influenced expenses on sport lessons, while desired skill level affected the frequency of practising. These findings contribute to reaching water sport tourists more adequately.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/16078055.2021.1888002

Speckle pattern optimization for DIC technologies

Szabolcs Szalai Gabor Dogossy

Publication Name: Acta Technica Jaurinensis

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 3

Page Range: 228-243

Description:

This paper contains the relation between speckle pattern and Digital Image Correlation (DIC). The most important advance in experimental mechanics has been DIC since the strain gage. The deformation (strain) of an object can be visualized by DIC. Among all scientific fields, the DIC Technologies have seen a dynamic increase. The relationship between the paint and the sample-as the patterns mediate the deformation to the cameras-has been the most important technological issue. In this article the method developed for the detection of isolated particles in alloys is used to characterize the spots, which help the best speckle pattern has determined.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14513/actatechjaur.00573

Combustion and Emission Analyses of a Diesel Engine Running on Blends with Methanol

Justas Žaglinskis Kristóf Lukács György Szabados Ákos Bereczky

Publication Name: Energy Environment and Sustainability

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 141-172

Description:

The ambient air around us is continuously and increasingly loaded and polluted through emission that comes from different sectors, especially from the transportation sector. This fact is due to the growing energy consumption in the transport sector which is forecasted worldwide in the nearer and far future. Bio-based energy may be consumed in an increasing way in the sector until 2050. Methanol, and if it is produced on bio-basis, called bio-methanol, is the simplest alcohol. Methanol costs less than other automotive alternative alcohols, for example, ethanol or butanol, so it may be among the cheapest technical alcohols. As for methanol’s structure, it contains 30% more inherent oxygen on a molecular base than fossil diesel. The aim of this research is to give comprehensive overview about the methanol’s effect on the combustion and emission properties of a diesel engine. During the analyses of combustion and emission characteristics the most relevant parameters have been included. The study also contains calculations regarding theoretical combustion (oxidation process) of the different hydrogen-carbons. A rarely investigated parameter, O2 consumption or demand is also in focus, besides CO2 emission and intensity throughout the calculations. For our experimental test series, diesel fuel was the base fuel and it has been mixed with biodiesel first, and this mixture has been further blended with methanol. Methanol’s theoretical contribution to the diesel–biodiesel blend’s O2 consumption and CO2 emission is a small amount. Engine’s external parameters have not changed significantly if it is running on blend with methanol. Methanol has rather affected the combustion and emission properties of the engine more significantly.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-1280-0_6

Analysis Of The Dynamics Of Cashless Payments In Kazakhstan In The Context Of The Covid-19 Pandemic

Laszlo Vasa Anna Kredina Aigul Akparova

Publication Name: Economy Strategy and Practice

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 2

Page Range: 54-61

Description:

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the development of FinTech and the transition to cashless payments of the population of various countries, including Kazakhstan. For provision of cashless payments there are created platforms which work in NFC & MFS systems, they protected by security protocols (Secure Element (SE)) and allow to store confidential user data. Changes in the business model of banks have led to the emergence of a new format of banking products and services that can be used through smartphones (the main operating systems Android and iOS). The goal of the study is to analyze the dynamics of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of cashless payments through national payment systems in Kazakhstan. Based on the goal, a null and an alternative hypothesis were set, of which the second was confirmed in the result. Research methods used to write this article are economic and statistical analysis and synthesis, graphical method, analysis of the series of dynamics. The data for the study was taken from the NBK Statistical Bulletin: data on cashless payments through the Interbank System of Money Transfer (ISMT) and the Interbank Clearing System (ICS) for the period from 2002 to 2020. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the dynamics of the transformation of cashless payments made by using financial technologies has been proved. Recommendations for further improvement of the financial system are given. The development of national payment systems makes it possible to reduce the level of fraud in the financial sector, to increase the speed of cashless transfers and level out transaction errors. Study limitation: only national payment systems ISMT and ICS were used.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.51176/1997-9967-2021-2-54-61

Categories of various plant biostimulants - Mode of application and shelf-life

Heino B. Papenfus Shubhpriya Gupta Vince Ördög Karel Doležal Jeffrey Norrie Wendy A. Stirk Alan T. Critchley Johannes van Staden James F. White Manoj G. Kulkarni

Publication Name: Biostimulants for Crops from Seed Germination to Plant Development A Practical Approach

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-60

Description:

A plant biostimulant is any substance or microorganism which can be applied to plants to enhance seed germination and plant growth development along with its nutritional efficiency. Plant biostimulants collectively influence: plant growth development, pollen tube development, flower and fruit set, plant pigments, shoot and root development, nutritional efficiency, yield and shelf-life of crops, rhizospheric and soil microorganisms, general soil health and plant-environment interactions. Biostimulants are derived from natural origins and can help reduce the use of chemical products and also mitigate the negative impacts of harmful chemicals in the environment. This chapter focuses on their modes of application and effects on crops and horticultural plants. It also emphasizes impacts on the shelf-life and efficiencies of commercial biostimulants, as compared to synthetic chemical products and highlights the opportunities and challenges of their market expansion.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-823048-0.00018-6

Analysis of network traversal and qualification of the testing values of trajectories

Tibor Vadvári István Lakatos Krisztián Szabó András Háry Tamás Péter Ferenc Szauter

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 10

Page Range: 151-171

Description:

This research work is aimed directly at the study of network traversal, for the design of vehicle dynamics and driving test programs. The work can be applied more widely to the qualification of test tracks. In addition to general modelling, this method can also be used to investigate the formation of loops in order to take into account, the sub-routes, multiple times. An important area of its application is the more comprehensive analysis of complex loads, as well as, the development of learning algorithms, which can be achieved by repeating multiple traversals of certain track sections within a series of measurements, and can be used for the development of on-board vehicle systems. The mathematical modelling is presented through the application of the geometric graph and subgraphs of the track. The properties of the Markov model extracted from the connection matrix of the large-scale network model are also presented. In this way, the modelling is extended to the application of the connection matrix of the large-scale network model as well. The modelling and computational details are demonstrated by means of a computer based, algebraic program. This modelling and the results of the calculations, will allow the further development of a test program design and related evaluation methods.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Efficient Design and Sustainability Assessment of Wastewater Treatment Networks using the P-graph Approach: A Tannery Waste Case Study

Ákos Orosz Kirti M. Yenkie Jean Pimentel Emmanuel A. Aboagye Heriberto Cabezas Ferenc Friedler

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 88

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 493-498

Description:

In the tannery industry approximately, 30 - 35 m3 of wastewater (WW) is generated per ton of rawhide processed. The WW comprises high concentrations of salts, ammonia, dye, solvents, and chromium. Of particular interest is chromium, which has been proven to cause dermatological, developmental, and reproductive issues on exposure. Thus, there is a need for appropriate treatment of the tannery WW before it is discharged for natural remediation. However, designing a treatment process is multifaceted due to the availability of multiple technologies that can perform similar tasks and the complex composition of waste streams. This necessitates the treatment to be performed in stages namely, primary, secondary, and tertiary. In some cases, pretreatment is required to enhance the recovery in the following stages. Due to the combinatorial nature of this problem, the P-graph approach, which uses principles from graph theory, can be used to synthesize a treatment pathway by selecting appropriate technologies at each stage, while meeting required purity specifications. Furthermore, the P-graph approach can provide alternate feasible treatment structures ranked based on Economics as well as Sustainability indicators, such as the Sustainable Process Index (SPI). In this work, a tannery WW case study is investigated with multiple stages and treatment technologies. A complex maximal structure is generated comprising all possible technologies, flows, connections, bypasses, mixers, and splitters. The models for each technology involve capital and operating costs, efficiency, and SPI at each stage of the treatment process. This problem is formulated in P-graph and solved using the Accelerated Branch-and-Bound algorithm.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET2188082

Morphological, phenological and molecular diversity of woodland grape (Vitis sylvestris gmel.) genotypes from the szigetkÖz, hungary

Gábor Koltai Gizella Jahnke János Májer Zóra Annamária Nagy Róbert Oláh

Publication Name: Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 71

Issue: 1

Page Range: 90-98

Description:

From 2012 to 2015 32 woodland grape genotypes were collected from the Szigetköz and the Fertő-Hanság National Park, Hungary, and ex-situ preserved in the gene bank of the NARIC Research Institute for Viticulture and Enology in Badacsony, Hungary. Phenological development stages based on the BBCH scale and ampelographic data according to 30 OIV descriptors were recorded. Isozyme and SSR analyses were carried out in the preserved genotypes, 18 Vitis vinifera varieties and 20 rootstocks were also analysed for comparison. Summarizing the results it can be estab-lished, that the ex-situ preserved genotypes are true-to-type woodland grapes, belonging to Vitis sylvestris Gmel. var. typica. Further quest, ex-situ and in-situ preservation and analyses of the Vitis sylvestris Gmel. germplasm in Hungary are needed.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

The impact of migration of highly skilled workers on the country’s competitiveness and economic growth

Laszlo Vasa Yuriy Bilan Halyna Mishchuk Olena Oliinyk Oleksandr Akimov

Publication Name: Montenegrin Journal of Economics

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 3

Page Range: 7-19

Description:

The links between the migration of highly skilled workers and economic growth (in terms of GNI per capita) and the competitiveness of countries have been studied. The study is based on statistics from developed countries and using correlation-regression analysis and modelling, as well as cluster analysis using the package of processing and analysis of statistical information STATISTICA. The analysis found that the immigration of workers with higher education has a significant impact on strengthening the competitiveness and economic development of countries – this is confirmed by the impact of talent migration, which is assessed by the values of case studies (‘The Human Flight and Brain Drain’ sub-index Fragile States Index and ‘Brain gain’ sub-index’ in the Global Talent Competitiveness Index and ‘Highly educated workers’ sub-index in the OECD indicators of talent attractiveness). Their impact on macroeconomic indicators is higher compared to the links with social development indicators. Of course, this does not mean that such links should not be seen as important in public economic development management, as they illustrate the level of efficiency achieved in creating favourable conditions for realizing the potential of highly skilled workers, including pull-factors for their immigration. But in the macroeconomic management of a competitive economy, according to our research, actions aimed at attracting highly skilled migrants have the most significant and obvious impact. Other links can be taken into account and used in modelling for the development of institutional support for proactive migration policy for highly qualified workers.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14254/1800-5845/2021.17-3.1