The article evaluates how well the goals of the European Green Deal are justified, especially considering the risks to energy and food security arising from the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. We agree with the objectives of the European Green Agreement as a whole, but whether some of the objectives which feature in the EASAC study can be achieved by 2030 is questionable, and the description of the tools necessary to achieve the objectives is incomplete. Among other things, there is hardly any mention of the role played by precision farming with digitalization, which is a revolutionary change from an ecological and economic point of view, in reducing the use of synthetic inputs, in regenerating the original state of the soil, in reducing GHG emissions, thus in increasing biodiversity, and at the same time in intensifying production, and finally in expanding the application of biotechnology. We examine these areas in our analysis. Some of the objectives of the EASAC study to be achieved by 2030 are subject to debate, and the description of the information and communication conditions necessary to achieve the objectives is incomplete. The IoT (Internet of Things) responds to global and local challenges: it integrates the precision technologies, WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks), artificial intelligence, mobile field (Smart Small Robots) and remote data loggers (UAVs: Unmanned Air Vehicles and satellites), Big Data, and cloud computing. Consequently, decision support is increasingly developing into unmanned decision making. IoT (Internet of Things) is the basis of “Farm to Fork” and “Lab to Field” monitoring approaches. This article evaluates the implementation of European Green Agreement objectives in light of energy and food security risks arising from the Russia-Ukraine conflict. While overall support for the agreement exists, the feasibility of certain EASAC study objectives by 2030 is called into question due to insufficient tools specifications. Notably absent is the emphasis on precision farming with digitalization, which is a transformative ecological and economic practice. Our analyses look into its function in reducing synthetic inputs, soil regeneration, GHG emission reduction, biodiversity enhancement, production intensification, and biotechnology development. Debates surround EASAC study objectives for 2030, despite limited information and communication restrictions. The Internet of Things (IoT) arises as a solution, combining precision technology, WSNs (wireless sensor networks), AI (artificial intelligence), smart small robots, UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles), satellites, big data, and cloud computing. As a result, decision support turns toward unmanned decision-making, with IoT laying the groundwork for “Farm to Fork” and “Lab to Field” monitoring systems.

If we want to increase the efficiency of precision technologies to create sustainable agriculture, we need to put developments and their application on a new footing; moreover, a general paradigm shift is needed. There is a need to rethink close-At-hand and far-off innovation concepts to further develop precision agriculture, from both an agricultural, landscape, and natural ecosystem sustainability perspective. With this, unnecessary or misdirected developments and innovation chains can be largely avoided. The efficiency of the agrotechnology and the accuracy of yield prediction can be ensured by continuously re-planning during the growing season according to changing conditions (e.g., meteorological) and growing dataset. The aim of the paper is to develop a comprehensive, thought-provoking picture of the potential application of new technologies that can be used in agriculture, primarily in precision technology-based arable field crop production, which emphasizes the importance of continuous analysis and optimisation between the production unit and its environment. It should also be noted that the new system contributes to reconciling agricultural productivity and environmental integrity. The study also presents research results that in many respects bring fundamental changes in technical and technological development in field production. The authors believe that treating the subsystems of agriculture, landscape, and natural ecosystem (ALNE) as an integrated unit will create a new academic interdisciplinarity. ICT, emphasizing WSN (Wireless Sensor Network), remote sensing, cloud computing, AI (Artificial Intelligence), economics, sociology, ethics, and the cooperation with young students in education can play a significant role in research. This study treats these disciplines according to sustainability criteria. The goal is to help management fulfil the most important expectation of reducing the vulnerability of the natural ecosystem. The authors believe that this article may be one of the starting points for a new interdisciplinarity, ALNE.

This study analyses the opinions of Hungarian food production companies on driving forces and barriers of Industry 4.0 investments and their impact on the companies’ business performance. A questionnaire survey was carried out between 2019 and 2020 with data collection from 276 food manufacturing companies. Subsequently, the data were analysed by several statistical methods: factor analysis, K-means clustering, one-way analysis of variance, and cross-tabulation analysis. The goal of this study is to explore the process innovation problems of enterprises and introduce the increasing use of Industry 4.0 tools

This study aims to examine the impact of COVID-19 and sustainable e-commerce in Hungary and Kenya. COVID-19 has devastated the global economy, resulting in financial and job losses. Routine changes in spending have moved the focus from non-essential to essential items, due to the impact of COVID-19, the associated economic meltdown, and the deterioration of people’s physical and mental health. However, e-commerce can be a better option to stop the spread of COVID-19 due to its real benefits and usefulness in solving the challenges faced. The methodology used in this paper is the collection of primary data from an online survey questionnaire, and secondary data from several databases,e.g.,the World Health Organisation (WHO) and Johns Hop-kins Centre websites. The results show the negative impact of COVID-19 on society and the economy, as well as the positive and significant effects ofthe growth of e-commerce during COVID-19, where most of the goods being purchased are medical supplies: masks, medicines, and food. This has been made possibleby the rise of e-commerce platforms as a link in sustainable e-commerce after the significant disruption to the worldwide supply chain due to total lockdown. E-commerce has shown growth during the COVID-19 pandemic period as a sustainable platform. In conclusion, this study proposes policies that support e-commerce in developing countries during and after COVID-19. Furthermore, theoretical, and managerial implications are proposed in the study. It is high time to warn businesses to adopt information and communications technology (ICT) to flourish and thrive during times of financial and economic hardship, such as the use of e-commerce with the right policies enacted to support sustainable e-commerce.

Corporate image is increasingly recognized as a critical factor influencing employee stability, particularly within the dynamic business environment of the Czech Republic. This study investigates the relationship between organizational image and employee stability, focusing on key aspects such as employee training, benefits, and workplace safety. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire distributed to 442 key managerial personnel across various enterprise sizes and sectors, using the CAWI methodology. Responses were measured on a five-point Likert scale, and linear regression modelling was employed to analyze the causal impact of corporate image on employee stability. The findings reveal a statistically significant and positive effect of organizational image on employee stability, with the strongest associations observed in areas related to employee education and benefits. These results underscore the importance of cultivating a positive corporate image as a strategic tool for enhancing employee retention and satisfaction. The study contributes to the broader understanding of human resource management and corporate social responsibility in Central Europe, providing practical implications for managers seeking to strengthen workforce stability through image-building initiatives.

The 2022 European energy crisis exposed the macroeconomic vulnerability of EU economies to electricity price shocks and raised urgent questions about the stabilising role of renewable energy penetration. This study examines in how far changes in electricity price components affect macroeconomic stability in Europe and whether renewable energy penetration has buffered these effects during the crisis period. Using a balanced panel of 29 European countries over 2019–2024, the analysis estimates the impact of log changes in electricity prices on a composite Macroeconomic Stability Index (MSI) using two-way fixed-effects models with crisis-year heterogeneous slopes, interaction terms, and two-way clustered standard errors. The results show that increases in non-household electricity prices are associated with statistically significant declines in macroeconomic stability, particularly in 2023 (β = −0.084, p < 0.01) and 2024 (β = −0.333, p < 0.05). A 10% rise in business electricity prices reduced the MSI by approximately 0.009–0.010 points in 2023 (around 4% of one standard deviation) and by about 0.029 points in 2024 (around 13% of one standard deviation). In 2022, the adverse effect was significant in low-renewables countries (ME = −0.056) but statistically insignificant in high-renewables countries, indicating short-run buffering. Joint tests confirm that crisis-period slope shifts (χ² = 30.576, p < 0.001) and renewable moderation effects (χ² = 8.603, p = 0.035) are statistically significant.

Digital transformation of the public sector is increasingly relevant because it can reshape the costs firms face in finance, logistics, and cross-border service provision. This study investigates how e-government development and its human-capital, online-service, and telecommunication components influence interest rate spread distortions, logistics performance, and services trade restrictiveness across countries, and whether these effects are linear or non-linear. The analysis uses three unbalanced country panels covering 1,299 observations for 130 countries, 906 observations for 163 countries, and 306 observations for 51 countries, estimated with two-way fixed-effects models and Driscoll–Kraay standard errors, with robustness checks and quadratic specifications implemented in R. The results show that a 0.1-point increase in EGDI is associated with an approximately 0.45-point reduction in the absolute interest rate spread, while the robustness coefficient remains negative at-0.677. Human capital and telecommunication infrastructure are especially important in this dimension, with baseline coefficients of-3.921 and-1.910, respectively. In the logistics specification, aggregate EGDI is insignificant, but HCI is positive and significant (β = 0.372), and a 0.1-point increase in HCI raises the Logistics Performance Index by about 0.037 points. In the services-trade specification, EGDI reduces STRI by-0.095. At the same time, HCI shows a U-shaped effect with a turning point at 0.975, indicating that digital human capital lowers restrictiveness up to very high levels before the relationship turns upward.