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Found 6374 publications

Circannual changes in major chemical composition of bulk dromedary camel milk as determined by FT-MIR spectroscopy, and factors of variation

Róbert Kocsis P. Nagy Gábor Császár J. Reiczigel J. Juhász László Varga

Publication Name: Food Chemistry

Publication Date: 2019-04-25

Volume: 278

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 248-253

Description:

We monitored the major chemical composition of bulk dromedary camel milk by FT-MIR spectroscopy over a 5-year period. The results highly correlated with those determined with reference methods (r > 0.985, p < 0.001). Production parameters showed significant (p < 0.001) seasonal and yearly changes. The overall mean fat, protein, lactose, solids-not-fat, and total solids concentrations of bulk dromedary camel milk were 2.87%, 2.94%, 4.15%, 8.00%, and 10.69%, respectively. Month of the year, year of the study, and level of production had a strong influence on bulk milk chemical composition and yield of milk components; however, the relative effect of season on composition was greater (proportion of variance app. 50%) compared to that of other factors of variation. The highest and lowest values were measured during winter and summer, respectively. Circannual variation in major milk components was associated with environmental conditions (photoperiod, temperature), whereas it was independent of nutritional factors.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.11.059

Performance analysis of DNS64 and NAT64 solutions

Gabor Takacs Gábor Lencse

Publication Name: Infocommunications Journal

Publication Date: 2012-06-01

Volume: 4

Issue: 2

Page Range: 29-36

Description:

The need for DNS64 and NAT64 solutions is introduced and their operation is presented. A test environment for the performance analysis of DNS64 and NAT64 implementations is described. The resource requirements of the implementations are measured. The performance of DNS64 and NAT64 solutions is measured under heavy load conditions to determine if they are safe to be used in a production environment, like the network of an internet service provider.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Energy and cost optimal design for the reconstruction of residential building envelopes by bacterial memetic algorithms

János Botzheim József Levente Hontvári János Balázs Árpád Csík Tamás Csoknyai

Publication Name: 6th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems and 13th International Symposium on Advanced Intelligence Systems Scis Isis 2012

Publication Date: 2012-12-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1226-1231

Description:

In this paper we apply bacterial memetic algorithms for the energy and cost optimal renovation of residential buildings. Following economical demands, there are two types of optimizations considered. First, the total cost of the renovation is prescribed and the best energy quality of the building envelope is determined with a total construction cost not exceeding the given limit. Second, the targeted energy quality of the renovated building is prescribed, and the algorithm determines the optimal renovation plan requiring the smallest costs. Only the optimization of the building envelope is performed, the optimization of the heating-ventilation-air-condition system is ignored. The chromosome of the bacteria contains genes taking only integer values and genes taking real values as well. The value of the genes taking only integer numbers are improved by a simple local search algorithm. The value of the genes taking real numbers are improved locally by the Levenberg-Marquardt approach. Results of actual building optimizations reveal the potential of the proposed algorithm. © 2012 IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/SCIS-ISIS.2012.6505181

Environmental apprehension under COP26 agreement: Examining the influence of environmental-related technologies and energy consumption on ecological footprint

Gagan Deep Sharma Magdalena Radulescu D. Balsalobre-Lorente M. Usman Amar Rao

Publication Name: International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology

Publication Date: 2024-08-01

Volume: 21

Issue: 12

Page Range: 7999-8012

Description:

Governments internationally strive to balance environmental health and economic development. Modern economies, specifically emerging ones, emphasize the importance of eco-friendly progress, where the pace of economic growth limits the ecological footprint. The ecological footprint denotes both the trajectory of natural resource extraction in the economic process and how quickly these resources can be replenished, as well as the capacity of the ecological sector to absorb waste from this process. This study examines 38 countries from 1994 to 2020 to investigate the drivers of the ecological footprint and found that environmentally related technologies harmfully influence ecological deprivation but are positively affected by gross domestic product growth. Renewable energy diminishes pollution levels, while urbanization has an insignificant effect. Imports were only found to be significant with one econometric technique, and their impact on the ecological footprint was positive. Income level affects the influence of gross domestic product on the ecological footprint. Lower-income quantiles have a more significant impact than higher quantiles. The Granger causality test shows bidirectional causality between the ecological footprint and exogenous factors: eco-technologies, gross domestic product/capita, renewable energy, urbanization, and imports.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s13762-024-05526-7

Graphical pinch analysis-based method for heat exchanger networks retrofit of a residuum hydrogenation process

Paweł Ocłoń Jin Wang Keke Zhi Yujie Chen Wei Li Bohong Wang Lianghui Guo Hengcong Tao Xinze Li Yuping Chen Petar Sabev Varbanov

Publication Name: Energy

Publication Date: 2024-07-15

Volume: 299

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Sustainable energy systems are crucial for reducing carbon emissions because renewable energy sources leave a footprint. The petrochemical industry often suffers from inefficient heat exchange network (HEN) systems, leading to substantial energy wastage. In the current work, a real case study of the residue hydrogenation process was analyzed to identify potential energy savings. A new method combining Pinch Analysis and Thot–Tcold diagram analysis methods was proposed. This graphical analysis method plots the cold-flow temperature of each heat exchanger unit on the x-axis and the hot-flow temperature on the y-axis. By applying the Thot–Tcold diagram to a practical case of residue hydrogenation in Zhejiang, the existing process energy state was evaluated, and HEN was retrofitted to achieve energy savings and carbon emission reduction. Following optimization, the energy recovery amounted to 202.71 GJ/h with an energy recovery rate of 14.3 %. The proposed method saves approximately 4.058 × 105 GJ/y compared to current operations, resulting in an annual cost saving of approximately $ 2.76 M/y, with an investment payback period of less than 0.36 y. This study offers a solution to the energy challenges of industrial residue hydrogenation by enhancing the economic and environmental sustainability of existing process flows.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.131538

International law and dual nationality of Hungarians living outside the borders

Mónika Ganczer

Publication Name: Acta Juridica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2012-12-01

Volume: 53

Issue: 4

Page Range: 316-333

Description:

According to the recent amendment of the Hungarian Citizenship Act, Hungarians living outside the borders can acquire an additional nationality, and become dual or multiple nationals. The study analyses the prohibition or recognition of dual nationality and the relevant practice of neighbouring states as the main purpose of the amendment was to enable Hungarians living in territories detached owing to historical events to acquire nationality. By assuming international obligations states may limit their discretion in matters of nationality, which otherwise fall within the domestic jurisdiction of states. Human rights drive the regulation of nationality in certain cases all the more towards the realm of international law. For that reason, human rights limiting the regulation of nationality, such as the right to a nationality, the prohibition of (arbitrary) deprivation of nationality and the prohibition of discrimination, also need to be examined. The analysis also extends to the lack of effectiveness of nationality of Hungarians concerned as well as the binding nature of the principle of effectiveness. The study concludes that the principle of effectiveness may not serve as a basis for other states to declare non-recognition of nationality of these individuals. Finally, obligations under bilateral treaties on good neighbourliness, confi dence and friendly co-operation concluded by Hungary and several neighbouring states between 1992 and 1996 are taken into consideration, as well.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/AJur.53.2012.4.4

Delay propagation in a real life railway network controlled by a fuzzy logic rule base

No authors available

Publication Name: 10th International Symposium of Hungarian Researchers on Computational Intelligence and Informatics, CINTI 2009

Publication Date: 2009-12-01

Volume:

Issue:

Page Range: 423-433

Description:

This paper considers a real-life railway timetable related problem, where a set of interconnected railway junction points form a railway network, which is essentially a directed graph with corresponding vertex and edge capacities representing railway tracks and railway platforms.The dynamic behavior of this model is driven by a timetable. Unforeseen weather and other external effects may contribute to delays in the timetable, which alters the behavior of the whole system. In this scenario a hierarchical fuzzy system is proposed that can suggest a possible outgoing delay for each train by evaluating a set of fuzzy rule bases using two input data. The first proposal does not take into account the possible propagation of delay in the whole railway network. In this article a negative feedback is applied on the hierarchical fuzzy system.The fuzzy sets are optimized by an evolution based global search metaheuristics.

Open Access: No

DOI: DOI not available

Applying bacterial memetic algorithm for training feedforward and fuzzy flip-flop based neural networks

No authors available

Publication Name: 2009 International Fuzzy Systems Association World Congress and 2009 European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology Conference, IFSA-EUSFLAT 2009 - Proceedings

Publication Date: 2009-12-01

Volume:

Issue:

Page Range: 1833-1838

Description:

In our previous work we proposed some extensions of the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm; the Bacterial Memetic Algorithm and the Bacterial Memetic Algorithm with Modified Operator Execution Order for fuzzy rule base extraction from input-output data. Furthermore, we have investigated fuzzy flip-flop based feedforward neural networks. In this paper we introduce the adaptation of the Bacterial Memetic Algorithm with Modified Operator Execution Order for training feedforward and fuzzy flipflop based neural networks. We found that training these types of neural networks with the adaptation of the method we had used to train fuzzy rule bases had advantages over the conventional earlier methods.

Open Access: No

DOI: DOI not available

Optimizing fuzzy flip-flop based neural networks by bacterial memetic algorithm

No authors available

Publication Name: 2009 International Fuzzy Systems Association World Congress and 2009 European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology Conference, IFSA-EUSFLAT 2009 - Proceedings

Publication Date: 2009-12-01

Volume:

Issue:

Page Range: 1508-1513

Description:

In our previous work we proposed a Multilayer Perceptron Neural Networks (MLP NN) consisting of fuzzy flipflops (F3) based on various operations. We showed that such kind of fuzzy-neural network had good learning properties. In this paper we propose an evolutionary approach for optimizing fuzzy flip-flop networks (FNN). Various popular fuzzy operation and three different fuzzy flip-flop types will be compared from the point of view of the respective fuzzy-neural networks' approximation capability.

Open Access: No

DOI: DOI not available