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Found 6423 publications

Effect of Chemical Composition of Clay on Physical-Mechanical Properties of Clay Paving Blocks

Saulius Baskutis Valentinas Navickas László Tamándl Rolandas Avizovas

Publication Name: Buildings

Publication Date: 2022-07-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 7

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Clay paving blocks made of natural, environmentally friendly materials have their own originality and colorful authenticity, but due to the complex technological production process, they are also relatively expensive products; therefore, their environmental resistance properties are strictly defined and controlled by the standards. The physical and mechanical properties of clay paving blocks are the key factors aiming to ensure the longevity of products and their long-term success in the market. Therefore, ensuring high physical and mechanical properties of clay paving blocks have become a most crucial challenge for the manufactures. This article considers the parameters of the technological production process of clay paving blocks manufacturing and evaluates the influence of the chemical composition of three different types of clay on the physical and mechanical properties of the paving blocks. Water absorption, linear shrinkage, freeze/thaw, acid resistance, and transverse breaking load of clay paving blocks are investigated. This study reveals the importance of raw material selection in the production process of clay paving blocks and provides the concept of main quality factors of clay.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/buildings12070943

Ethnobotanical and cultural significance of Chaerophyllum bulbosum in the Carpathian Basin

G. Pinke Attila G.L. Németh Balázs Horváth

Publication Name: Kitaibelia

Publication Date: 2026-03-27

Volume: 28

Issue: 2

Page Range: 141-159

Description:

Tuberous-rooted chervil (Chaerophyllum bulbosum) is one of the iconic plants in the Carpathian basin regarding ethnobotany. It is considered native to this region and it is known by about one hundred different Hungarian folk names and allophones. We have plenty of historical data about its gathering from the wild from the end of the 16th century, but certainly, it could have been collected much earlier by the people who lived here. In the whole Carpathian basin, mostly its tubers (and rarely the leaves as well) were gathered mainly by children, which were eaten in various forms and dishes, but most frequently raw as salad. Its popularity started to decline by the end of the 19th century, and in the middle of the 20th century, it was regarded as one of the ‘beets out of fashion’, which was slowly disappearing from the diet. From the 21st century, there is only one record about its gathering and consumption from Transylvania. In former times, along with other Chaerophyllum and Anthriscus species it was recommended to cure scorbute and diarrhoea and as a poultice for ulcers. In the Middle Ages, it was cultivated throughout Eastern and Central Europe, which could have also been true for the Carpathian Basin. Master Roger mentioned this species among the plants of devastated peasant gardens (1243, after the Mongol invasion). Thereafter, we have records only from the middle of the 19th century showing the obvious growing of its cultivated variety (called ‘chervil-beet’). However, its cultivation remained quite sporadic, and by the middle of the 20th century, it was already fully neglected. The plant occurred in Hungarian cookery books from the 16th century, especially in Transylvanian gastronomy. The remembrance of its former folk uses retained in Hungarian culture as well, it emerges in several poems and prose.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.17542/KIT.28.40

Opportunities for Pulse-Based Diagnostics in Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Batteries

Szabolcs Kocsis Szurke Illés Lorincz

Publication Name: 2025 19th International Conference on Electrical Machines Drives and Power Systems Elma 2025 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study investigates pulse-based diagnostic methods for identifying faulty cells within lithium-ion battery packs in electric and hybrid vehicles. Diagnostic measurements were conducted using a fully electric Volkswagen e-Golf under both dynamic driving (WLTP) and laboratory-based Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization (HPPC) test conditions. Voltage deviations among individual battery cells were analyzed to evaluate system reliability under constant load, peak load, and regenerative braking scenarios. Results revealed that peak load conditions provided the most informative insights for fault detection due to fewer but more significant voltage deviations. In contrast, constant load and regenerative braking conditions frequently exhibited minor deviations. These findings suggest that transient, high-current events are particularly valuable for early identification of cell degradation and faults. Future studies should further investigate the long-term relationships between detected deviations and overall battery health to enhance predictive diagnostics and optimize battery management strategies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/ELMA65795.2025.11083486

Machine Olfaction to Evaluate the Stability of the Odor Profile of Pancakes Enriched with Docosahexaenoic Acid and Anthocyanins

Tamás Tóth Éva Csavajda George Bázár Francesco Capozzi Carlos Pineda-Vadillo Alessandra Bordoni Hajnalka Hingyi Haruna Gado Yakubu Csaba Palkó Didier Dupont

Publication Name: Food Analytical Methods

Publication Date: 2022-07-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 7

Page Range: 1961-1967

Description:

Increasing consumer awareness on good health has drawn the attention to health promoting natural dietary substances. However, since the organoleptic profile of foods highly influences the consumers’ preference, and it is often decisive in the purchase, it is important to objectively describe and evaluate the effect of the applied bioactive ingredients on aroma. In this study, pancakes enriched with docosahexaenoic acid and anthocyanins were tested with electronic sensor array technology against control products. Samples were analyzed with an Alpha MOS FOX4000 electronic nose (EN) after 20 to 297 days of frozen storage at −20 °C. Multivariate analysis of the acquired EN data showed a strong relation between the number of days that samples were stored and the odor describing sensor signals of enriched samples (R2 = 0.59), but the observed relation was broken in the case of control (not enriched) samples (R2 = 0.08). When a supervised classification of enriched and control samples was done, the ratio of correctly identified samples in cross-validation was 95.1% at short-term storage (< 140 days), while the hit rate dropped to 80.4% at prolonged storage (> 140 days). This signified the existing but less intensive odor differences. The electronic nose technology was proven to be applicable in the characterization of one type of bioactive-enriched foods, while it was also useful in the monitoring of odor alterations during storage.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02232-3

Investigation of the Vertical Stability of Embedded Rail Structures

Szabolcs Fischer Zoltán Major Attila Németh Vivien Jover

Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 59

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 37-43

Description:

In the case of embedded rail structures, the rails are fixed with a flexible embedding material that runs through a specially designed steel or reinforced concrete channel. The majority of the rail cross-section is embedded in these channels, eliminating the possibility of horizontal buckling as a failure mode. This paper investigates vertical stability, aiming to determine the stability resistance of a rail loaded with an initial failure in the vertical plane while considering elastic resistance. Vertical plane buckling is assumed to be a non-hazard for conventional rails because the wide rail footing can significantly inhibit vertical displacement, even without adhesion between the rail surface and the embedding material. However, the adhesion of the embedding material to the channel is adequate. Some rail sections lack adhesion between the rail and the embedding material due to the narrow width of the rail foot, making the phenomenon of "form-locking" uncertain, or the rail is partially embedded. In this article, the authors present a theoretical calculation method to investigate this problem, to transfer the results to everyday practice as simply as possible, and to present a solution suitable for manual calculation. Measuring the vertical spring constant in the method's input parameters under laboratory conditions is a difficult task, but by utilizing the possibilities provided by finite element modeling, the design can be significantly simplified. The introduced method has the significant advantage of quantifying the effect of vertical plane misalignments in the track compared to simpler solutions in the literature.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/ATDE240524

Lithium beam diagnostic system on the COMPASS tokamak

M. Berta G. Anda S. Bató D. Dunai T. Krizsanoczi T. Ilkei P. Háček D. Refy J. Krbec I. G. Kiss G. Veres S. Zoletnik A. Bencze

Publication Name: Fusion Engineering and Design

Publication Date: 2016-10-01

Volume: 108

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-6

Description:

An improved lithium beam based beam emission spectroscopy system - installed on COMPASS tokamak - is described. The beam energy enhanced up to 120 keV for Atomic Beam Probe measurement. The size of the ion source is doubled, using a newly developed thermionic heater instead of the conventionally used heating (tungsten or molybdenum) filament. The neutralizer is also improved. It produces the same sodium vapor in a cell but minimize the loss condensing the vapor on a cold surface which is led back (in fluid state) into the sodium oven. This way we call it recirculating neutralizer. The observation system consists of a CCD camera and an avalanche photodiode array.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2016.04.022

Structural behavior of built-up I-shaped high-strength cold-formed steel columns with edge-stiffened holes, unstiffened holes, plain webs, and batten reinforcement

Ardalan B. Hussein

Publication Name: Thin Walled Structures

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 218

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Cold-formed steel (CFS) back-to-back channel sections are widely employed as load-bearing structural components due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and ease of fabrication. These sections are often perforated to facilitate service installations; however, the presence of holes alters stress distribution, reduces axial load capacity, and increases the complexity of structural analysis. To investigate these effects, a geometrically and materially nonlinear finite element (FE) model was developed and validated against experimental data from existing literature. Specifically, the validation results demonstrated a strong correlation, with the ratios of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Direct Strength Method (DSM) predictions to experimental findings being 1.001 and 1.003, respectively. These results indicate a high level of agreement between experimental data, FE analysis, and strength predictions according to the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) and the Australian/New Zealand Standards (AS/NZS). Subsequently, the validated FE model was utilized to perform an extensive parametric study involving 130 simulations to examine the influence of hole geometry, edge stiffeners, and batten reinforcement plates on the axial capacity of built-up CFS columns. The results indicate that unstiffened slotted holes lead to an approximate 10.3% reduction in strength, whereas edge-stiffened square holes contribute to a 2.7% increase in axial capacity. Additionally, batten-reinforced unstiffened rectangular holes and edge-stiffened rectangular holes were found to enhance strength by approximately 7.5% and 15.5%, respectively. Moreover, incorporating batten plate reinforcements in plain columns improved axial capacity by approximately 6%. These findings provide valuable insights into the structural behavior of perforated CFS built-up columns and highlight the effectiveness of hole stiffeners and batten reinforcements in mitigating strength reductions caused by perforations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2025.114093

Comparison of localization performance of blind and sighted subjects on a virtual audio display and in real-life environments

József Répás György Wersényi

Publication Name: 132nd Audio Engineering Society Convention 2012

Publication Date: 2012-10-22

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 306-311

Description:

Localization performance of blind subjects was measured in a virtual audio environment using non-individualized but customized HRTFs. Results were compared with former results of sighted users using the same measurement setup. Furthermore, orientation and navigation tasks in a real-life outdoor environment were performed in order to compare localization ability of sighted and visually impaired including "walking straight" tasks with and without acoustic feedback and test runs using the white cane as an acoustic tool during navigation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Early pathways, biomarkers, and four distinct molecular subclasses of preeclampsia: The intersection of clinical, pathological, and high-dimensional biology studies

Offer Erez Adi L. Tarca Nándor Gábor Than Dániel Györffy Géza Ambrus-Aikelin Zoltán Papp Simona W. Rossi Sándor Nagy Roberto Romero Gergő Orosz Máté Posta László Orosz Géza Ambrus-Aikelin András Szilágyi Olga Török Petronella Hupuczi

Publication Name: Placenta

Publication Date: 2022-07-01

Volume: 125

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 10-19

Description:

Preeclampsia is a syndromic disease of the mother, fetus, and placenta. The main limitation in early and accurate diagnosis of preeclampsia is rooted in the heterogeneity of this syndrome as reflected by diverse molecular pathways, symptoms, and clinical outcomes. Gaps in our knowledge preclude successful early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and prevention. The advent of “omics” technologies and systems biology approaches addresses this problem by identifying the molecular pathways associated with the underlying mechanisms and clinical phenotypes of preeclampsia. Here, we provide a brief overview on how the field has progressed, focusing on studies utilizing state-of-the-art transcriptomics and proteomics methods. Moreover, we summarize our systems biology studies involving maternal blood proteomics and placental transcriptomics, which identified early maternal and placental disease pathways and showed that their interaction influences the clinical presentation of preeclampsia. We also present an analysis of maternal blood proteomics data which revealed distinct molecular subclasses of preeclampsia and their molecular mechanisms. Maternal and placental disease pathways behind these subclasses are similar to those recently reported in studies on the placental transcriptome. These findings may promote the development of novel diagnostic tools for the distinct subtypes of preeclampsia syndrome, enabling early detection and personalized follow-up and tailored care of patients.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.03.009