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Found 6383 publications

Does Mineral Resources Utilization and Governance Policy Induce Income Inequality: Contextual Findings from Historical Data of China

Laszlo Vasa Chen Wang Xiaoyi Ren

Publication Name: Politicka Ekonomie

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 73

Issue: 5

Page Range: 891-925

Description:

In the current literature strand, most of the literature is devoted to the role played by mineral and governance policies in environmental quality. However, their criticality in income inequality is mainly overlooked by scholarly works. This research investigated the nexus of mineral and governance policies with income inequality while exploring the importance of per capita income, health expenditure, and poverty. Covering the extended period from 1984Q1 to 20223Q4 in the case of China, this research confirms the presence of long-run equilibrium association between variables. Due to the non-normal data distribution, this research uses quantile regression and a series of robust non-parametric and parametric approaches. The research concludes that mineral resources, health expenditure, governance efficiency, regulatory quality, and poverty headcounts significantly reduce income inequality. Wealth from mineral and health expenditures substantially improves the living standards of the general public. The governance policies are also beneficial in equal wealth distribution of the country. On the contrary, per capita income and government stability are the region’s leading factors of income inequality. Based on the predicted results, this research recommends improved minerals management, strengthening of governance institutions and policies, and enhancement in health expenditure to tackle the issue of income inequality.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1463

Investigation of Digital Light Processing-Based 3D Printing for Optimized Tooling in Automotive and Electronics Sheet Metal Forming

Szabolcs Fischer Szabolcs Szalai Mykola Sysyn Dmytro Kurhan Brigitta Fruzsina Szívós Vivien Nemes György Szabó

Publication Name: Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study addresses the emerging need for efficient and cost-effective solutions in low-volume production by exploring the mechanical performance and industrial feasibility of cutting tools that are fabricated using stereolithography apparatus (SLA) technology. SLA’s high-resolution capabilities make it suitable for creating precise cutting dies, which were tested on aluminum sheets (Al99.5, 0.3 mm, and AlMg3, 1.0 mm) under a 60-ton hydraulic press. Measurements using digital image correlation (DIC) revealed minimal wear and deformation, with tolerances consistently within IT 0.1 mm. The results demonstrated that SLA-printed tools perform comparably to conventional metal tools in cutting and bending operations, achieving similar surface quality and edge precision while significantly reducing the production time and cost. Despite some limitations in wear resistance, the findings highlight SLA technology’s potential for rapid prototyping and short-run manufacturing in the automotive and electronics sectors. This research fills a critical gap in understanding SLA-based tooling applications, offering insights into process optimization to enhance tool durability and broaden material compatibility. These advancements position SLA technology as a transformative tool-making technology for flexible manufacturing.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/jmmp9010025

On the issue of learning weights from observations for fuzzy signatures

B. Sumudu U. Mendis Tamás D. Gedeon László T. Kóczy

Publication Name: 2006 World Automation Congress Wac 06

Publication Date: 2006-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

We investigate the issue of obtaining weights, which are associated with aggregation in fuzzy signatures, from real world data, Our approach will provide a way to extract the relevance of lower levels to the higher levels of the hierarchical fuzzy signature structure. We also handle the non-differentiability of max-min aggregation functions for gradient based learning. A mathematically proved method, which is found in the literature to approximate the derivatives of max-min functions, has been used. Copyright - World Automation Congress (WAC) 2006.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/WAC.2006.376058

DISTRIBUTION-FREE DATA UNCERTAINTY FOR NEURAL NETWORK REGRESSION

Péter Kersch Domokos Kelen Ádám Jung András Benczúr

Publication Name: 13th International Conference on Learning Representations Iclr 2025

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 67459-67490

Description:

Quantifying uncertainty is an essential part of predictive modeling, especially in the context of high-stakes decision-making. While classification output includes data uncertainty by design in the form of class probabilities, the regression task generally aims only to predict the expected value of the target variable. Probabilistic extensions often assume parametric distributions around the expected value, optimizing the likelihood over the resulting explicit densities. However, using parametric distributions can limit practical applicability, making it difficult for models to capture skewed, multi-modal, or otherwise complex distributions. In this paper, we propose optimizing a novel nondeterministic neural network regression architecture for loss functions derived from a sample-based approximation of the continuous ranked probability score (CRPS), enabling a truly distribution-free approach by learning to sample from the target's aleatoric distribution, rather than predicting explicit densities. Our approach allows the model to learn well-calibrated, arbitrary uni- and multivariate output distributions. We evaluate the method on a variety of synthetic and real-world tasks, including uni- and multivariate problems, function inverse approximation, and standard regression uncertainty benchmarks. Finally, we make all experiment code publicly available.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Carbamate insecticide bendiocarb induces complex embryotoxic effects, including morphological, behavioral, transcriptional, and immunological alterations in zebrafish

Julianna Kobolák Szilárd Póliska Zsolt Csenki András Ács István Szabó Tamás Müller Ádám Staszny Zoltán K. Varga Gyöngyi Gazsi Márta Tóth Márta Reining Róbert Kovács Apolka Domokos Zsófia Varga Erna Vásárhelyi Eszter Váradi Bence Ivánovics Zoltán Filep Zsolt Czimmerer Ferenc Baska Attila Bácsi Béla Urbányi

Publication Name: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C Toxicology and Pharmacology

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 299

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The emergence and spread of vector-borne diseases necessitate the increased use of insecticides, such as carbamates, raising concerns about their potential toxicological risks to non-target organisms, including humans. Bendiocarb, frequently applied in indoor spraying operations and detected in maternal and fetal circulation, warrants particular attention for its developmental toxicity. This study aimed to assess transcriptional and phenotypic effects of sublethal bendiocarb exposure at concentrations of 0.035, 0.2, 0.4, 0.75, and 1.5 mg/L, using zebrafish embryos, a vertebrate model for developmental toxicity testing. Our analyses revealed acetylcholinesterase inhibition-associated morphological and behavioral abnormalities, including reduced locomotor activity in response to both visual and tactile stimuli, as well as impaired non-associative learning. Transcriptomic analysis indicated activation of muscle, immune, and metabolic pathways, while neurodevelopmental, phototransduction, and cell proliferation processes were suppressed. Consistent with these molecular findings, structural damage was observed in the retina, skeletal muscle, and notochord. Furthermore, bendiocarb exposure disrupted neutrophil granulocyte distribution and impaired inflammatory responses. Altogether, our results provide new insights into the embryotoxic effects of bendiocarb, highlighting its potential to disrupt early vertebrate development. These findings provide mechanistic insight that may support more informed evaluations of potential public health risks associated with developmental exposure to carbamates.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110368

Enhanced Heat Recovery Network with Integrated Sensible Heat Storage Facilities for Energy Intensive Industry

Ákos Orosz Viknesh Andiappan Bing Shen How Tiffany Ang Ferenc Friedler

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 120

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 19-24

Description:

Energy-intensive industries contribute large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions. An effective strategy to decarbonise these industries is by applying process integration tools to enhance energy efficiency and reduce overall energy consumption. Recent studies showed that thermal energy storage offers significant benefits in energy efficiency enhancement, as it can amplify the energy recovery potential. Despite its potential, studies that applied process integration tools to address heat recovery problems with consideration of heat storage remain limited. This work develops an optimisation framework that aims to determine optimal heat storage type and size based on the total annualised cost (i.e., costs associated with storage facilities and utilities) to form a feasible heat recovery network between plants. The proposed framework is demonstrated through a case study that focuses on optimising the sensible heat storage selection for indirect heat integration between a mixed plastic waste treatment plant and a steel mill. By analysing the performance and effectiveness of the storage media studied, nitrate salt storage medium is selected due to its greatest energy and cost savings of 12.7 % and 20.7 %, when compared to direct Heat Integration. Insights from this provide information on the feasibility of implementing a storage-supported heat recovery network in the energy-intensive industry.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET25120004

Impact of Gamification on Student Engagement and Behavior Moderated by Public Policy in Higher Education Institutions

Md Billal Hossain Tayyaba Zia Muhammad Usman Khan

Publication Name: Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 2025

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study investigates the impact of gamification on student engagement moderated by public policy in higher education. The psychological perspective of student engagement refers to the deep involvement of students in learning and acquiring knowledge. There are three dimensions of student engagement: cognitive, emotional, and behavioral. This study selects computer science students who were already enrolled in gamification classes. The selected sample of the study is based on multiple cities of Pakistan, including Lahore, Islamabad, and Karachi. The selection of institutes from three cities is made based on a convenience sampling technique. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire is used to assess the role of gamification and its impact on gaming platforms and student engagement with dummy variables as public policy management that controls and devises rules and regulations for gamification in higher education departments. We examine the impact of gamification content, challenges, rewards, and the Kahoot platform on student engagement. There are positive and weak results regarding the impact of gamification, as the Kahoot platform itself has no attraction for students, but it provides a user-friendly medium to play games. There are a few topics for future research, such as the role of gamification platforms and their significant impact on students’ motivation and the role of public policy regarding gamification platforms and engagement. Gamification challenges and rewards have been discussed in the study to observe the mediating impact. The analysis of the study is carried out in SmartPLS Version 4.0.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1155/hbe2/9026903

Innovating for Net-Zero: Collaborative and Digital Decarbonisation Strategies in Sunset Industries' Global Value Chains

Muhammad Mustafa Kamal Narain Gupta Attique ur Rehman Justin Zuopeng Zhang Ashem Emmanuel Egila Remsei Sándor Jianwen Zheng

Publication Name: Business Strategy and the Environment

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Global net-zero ambitions require transformative strategies to decarbonise carbon-intensive global value chains (GVCs). This study examines how multinational enterprises (MNEs) in sunset industries integrate carbon capture technologies (CCT) with operational and supply chain dynamics (OSCD) to advance decarbonisation. Drawing on institutional theory (InsT) and dynamic capabilities theory (DCT), we investigate how external decarbonisation pressures activate internal capability routines that shape the adoption of technological and supply chain innovations. Using qualitative insights from 55 industry professionals across energy-intensive sectors, we analyse how firms navigate regulatory fragmentation, mobilise early-stage decarbonisation investments and develop collaborative and digital mechanisms to support low-carbon transitions. The findings reveal that coercive and normative pressures primarily stimulate sensing and seizing capabilities, while transforming capabilities develop more gradually through experiential learning and organisational reconfiguration. Firms often pursue hybrid CCT–OSCD strategies, combining technological interventions with operational and supply chain adjustments to manage institutional complexity. This study contributes theoretically by offering an integrated InsT–DCT framework that explains how institutional constraints and dynamic capabilities interact to enable decarbonisation in sunset industries. Managerially, the findings identify priority capability areas, including policy sensing, digital resource mobilisation and supply chain reconfiguration that can accelerate decarbonisation across global value chains.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/bse.70762

Conflict Analysis of Pedestrian-Vehicle Interactions

Attila Borsos A. Kizawi

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 625-630

Description:

Walking is the most sustainable transportation mode, while pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users. Understanding the nature of their interactions with vehicles, particularly at unsignalized crossings, is critical to improving road safety. Due to advances in video-based vehicle trajectory processing, road safety analysis methods have evolved significantly, and there is an increasing preference for the use of Surrogate Measures of Safety (SMoS) to describe the road safety situation at a given location. There is a lack of such studies for pedestrian-vehicle interactions. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap and present preliminary results derived from video recordings at an unsignalized pedestrian crossing in Győr, Hungary. Post-encroachment time (PET) as a SMoS was generated using an automated road safety analysis software, TrafxSAFE, a product of Transoft Solutions. 594 videos (of approximately 85 h and 48 min) were analyzed in this study. It is concluded that there are differences in the probability of conflicts depending on the direction from which the pedestrian and the vehicle approach the crossing. Conflicts where pedestrians and vehicles approach the crossing in the same lane are slightly more likely to occur, as there is less time for the road users to take evasive action.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107105