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Found 6278 publications

Progressive bacterial algorithm

László Gál Rita Lovassy László T. Kóczy

Publication Name: Cinti 2012 13th IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics Proceedings

Publication Date: 2012-12-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 317-322

Description:

The purpose of this paper is to present a new version of the Bacterial Algorithms used for fuzzy rule base extraction called Progressive Bacterial Algorithm. In order to explore high quality models with very good speed of convergence towards the optimal rule base, we develop an improved version of the Bacterial Evolutionary and former Bacterial Memetic Algorithms. It is shown, in case of multidimensional reference problems, by comparing with existing methods, that an efficient and fast convergent tool is obtained. © 2012 IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CINTI.2012.6496782

Nectar production, honeybee visitation and fruit set of peach flowers

L. Szalay P. Benedek J. Nyéki Z. Szabó

Publication Name: Acta Horticulturae

Publication Date: 2002-01-01

Volume: 592

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 537-541

Description:

Peach varieties grown in Hungary are self-fertile and set sufficient fruit under favourable weather conditions by natural self-pollination. The literature as well as our observations, suggests that bee pollination enhances fruit set even in selffertile varieties. The nectar production (0.30-9.09 mg/flower) and its dry matter content (12.5-58.1 %) varied widely by variety and sampling date. In relation to other stone fruit species peach was relatively low in nectar production (2.2 mg/flower) as well as in dry matter content (30.5 %). In spite of the low nectar, honeybees frequently visited production peach flowers. The reason for that is due to the early blooming time of peach, when honeybees have less available resources. Under favourable weather conditions (sunshine, calm warm weather) 20 % of the flowers on a branch were visited within a 10-minute period. Thus the same flower received several visits during one day. About half the bees visiting peach flowers were nectar gatherers. Another 27 % were pollen collectors and the remaining 23 % displayed mixed behaviour of collecting both pollen and nectar. The limitation of honeybee visits impaired the fruit set less in peaches than in other stone fruit species. Nevertheless, fruit set was markedly different between open flowers and isolated (bagged) flowers.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2002.592.72

HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES AS AN INDICATOR OF LIVING STANDARDS

Barbara Chmielewska Łukasz Chmielewski Sarolta Horváthné Szabó

Publication Name: Economics and Sociology

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 4

Page Range: 224-243

Description:

Expenditures are one of the fundamental indicators of living standards and quality of life. According to Maslow, human needs can be divided into basic and higher-order needs. The structure of expenditures and its changes allow for the identification of economic and social differences between social groups. The study covered the period 2004–2023. The main indicators are the level, structure and relations of expenditures. Households of basic socio-economic groups and by place of residence (rural and urban) were compared. The study showed convergence of the standard of living of rural and urban inhabitants and of farmers and other groups of households. Convergence was primarily the result of a higher dynamics of growth of expenditure of rural in-habitants than of urban inhabitants and of farmers compared to other groups of households. However, significant differences in the expenditure structure remained, with agricultural households characterized by a higher share of basic expenditures, such as food.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14254/2071-789X.2025/18-4/11

Structural Brain Abnormalities, Diagnostic Approaches, and Treatment Strategies in Vertigo: A Case-Control Study

Gergely Orsi József Tollár Klaudia Széphelyi Szilvia Kóra

Publication Name: Neurology International

Publication Date: 2025-09-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 9

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background/Objectives: Dizziness is a frequent medical complaint with neurological, otolaryngological, and psychological origins. Imaging studies such as CT (Computer Tomography), cervical X-rays, and ultrasound aid diagnosis, while MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is crucial for detecting brain abnormalities. Our purpose is to identify structural brain changes associated with vertigo, assess pre-MRI diagnostic approaches, and evaluate treatment strategies. Methods: A case-control study of 232 vertigo patients and 232 controls analyzed MRI findings, pre-MRI examinations, symptoms, and treatments. Statistical comparisons were performed using chi-square and t-tests (p < 0.05). Results: White matter lesions, lacunar infarcts, Circle of Willis variations, and sinusitis were significantly more frequent in vertigo patients (p < 0.05). Pre-MRI diagnostics frequently identified atherosclerosis (ultrasound) and spondylosis (X-ray). Common symptoms included headache, imbalance, and visual disturbances. The most frequent post-MRI diagnosis was Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV). Treatments included lifestyle modifications, physical therapy (e.g., Epley maneuver), and pharmacological therapies such as betahistine. Conclusions: MRI revealed structural brain changes linked to vertigo. Pre-MRI assessments are essential for ruling out vascular and musculoskeletal causes. A multidisciplinary treatment approach is recommended. Trial Registration: This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with the trial registration number NCT06848712 on 22 February 2025.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/neurolint17090146

Mechanical Properties of Self-Healing Concrete with Dawson Microcapsule

Hossein Khosravi Majid Movahedi Rad Saeedeh Ghaemifard

Publication Name: Buildings

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 23

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Concrete structure integrity is significantly compromised by the primary problem of cracking. Typically, surface cracking (predominantly shrinkage-induced and thermal microcracking) is rectified using costly and time-consuming repair methods involving mortar and other techniques. Research efforts have recently shifted towards developing smart materials to reduce concrete’s propensity for cracking, enhance its structural stability, and prevent damage to its framework. Concrete designs with self-healing capabilities can safeguard against degradation and enhance long-term durability. Despite extensive research, a consensus on the optimal preparation and mechanical properties of self-healing concrete has yet to be reached. Within self-healing concrete that utilizes microcapsules, repair agents are dispersed throughout the matrix to form a bond and seal cracks as damage develops. From the viewpoint of a sustainable society, this approach appears to promote the use of construction materials. This study examined the impact of Dawson/urea–formaldehyde microcapsule-based self-healing concrete using strength tests, where the effectiveness of different microcapsule quantities (0.5–2% microcapsule by weight of cement) was assessed. Following the data and data analysis, it becomes evident that among all samples, the 1% microcapsule sample yields outstanding results for both 7-day and 28-day compressive strength.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/buildings15234292

Effect of heat stress and feed restriction on performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of growing rabbits

Zsolt Gerencsér Zsolt Matics Marco Cullere Antonella Dalle Zotte Bianca Palumbo E. Pontalti Zsolt Szendrő

Publication Name: Livestock Science

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 302

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The effects of heat stress and feed restriction were evaluated on a total of 180 weaned rabbits divided into three experimental groups (60 animals/group): 2 groups were fed ad libitum and reared under different temperatures (20 °C – 20AD and 30 °C – 30AD), while a third group was housed under controlled temperature (20 °C) but pair-fed to 30AD rabbits, thus feed restricted (20FR). During the trial, both 30AD and 20FR groups exhibited reduced growth performance, including body weight and daily weight gain (both, P < 0.001), although feed conversion ratio improved (P = 0.016). The reference carcasses of 20FR and 30AD rabbits were lighter and leaner (both, P < 0.001) than that of 20AD rabbits, while the slaughter yield decreased only in 20FR rabbits (P = 0.001). Regarding meat physical traits, 20FR rabbits exhibited the highest pHu (P < 0.001) and the lowest total losses (P < 0.001), whereas the meat-to-bone ratio decreased in both 20FR and 30AD groups (P = 0.007). As for meat proximate composition, protein and lipid contents were lower (P = 0.008 and P = 0.0002, respectively) in 20FR and 30AD rabbits, while water content was greater (P < 0.001) compared to 20AD rabbits. At the lipid level, higher TBARS (P = 0.001) were found in both 20FR and 30AD groups. The 20FR and 30AD groups showed some differences in their carcass and meat quality traits, however the majority of changes induced by chronic heat stress were mostly attributed to the reduced feed intake.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2025.105836

Development of a Battery Diagnostic Method Based on CAN Data: Examining the Accuracy of Data Received via a Communication Network

Gergő Sütheö Letícia Pekk Balázs Baráth

Publication Name: Energies

Publication Date: 2024-11-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 22

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In order to reduce the emissions caused by internal combustion engine vehicles, the industry is introducing more and more electric or hybrid vehicles to the market nowadays. The battery cells and modules of these vehicles require a lot of care, as improper or improperly maintained battery units can cause serious problems inside vehicles and can be extremely dangerous. The safest solution is to keep this unit of a vehicle under constant supervision so that it can be repaired immediately in case of an issue. Since all necessary data can be extracted from a vehicle’s communication network(s) through standard communication protocols, it is advisable to use them for continuous monitoring and diagnostics of units, while also considering cost-effectiveness and simplicity. The data received from here can also be used for measurement of electric powertrains and other parameters. However, since these data go through many conversions and computers (ECUs) before reaching us, their accuracy is questionable. In this study, we present our own custom battery diagnostic tool based on data extracted from a communication network. With the help of commercially available diagnostic tools, we also compare several measurements of the extent of the error limits of the data arriving at the communication network, how far they differ from the real values, and with the help of these, we analyze the accuracy of the device we have made. We present the commonly used Controller Area Network (CAN) communication protocol for passenger vehicles and briefly describe the construction of the high-voltage battery unit of the test vehicle.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/en17225808

Safety of cyclists interacting with autonomous vehicles: A combined microscopic simulation and SSAM analysis

Attila Borsos Amira Hammami

Publication Name: Travel Behaviour and Society

Publication Date: 2024-07-01

Volume: 36

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The aim of this paper is to investigate the safety of cyclists while interacting with autonomous vehicles (AVs) in an uncontrolled T-intersection using PTV Vissim microsimulation combined with the Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM). For the microsimulation, three cycling behaviours were constructed (cautious, normal, and aggressive), and two AV behaviours (cautious and normal) were adopted. 87 h of microsimulation resulted in 230 conflicts. The type and nature of these conflicts, as well as two temporal indicators and four speed-related indicators were analysed. Nearly 96% of the conflicts were rear-end collisions, and almost 70% were conflicts where the cyclist was the first to arrive at the conflict point. Interestingly, the least involved cycling behaviour in conflicts was aggressive and the most involved was cautious. A significant relationship was found between severity clusters of temporal indicators and cycling behaviour. It is also concluded that an important future research direction would be the construction of a two-dimensional conflict diagram with severity thresholds specifically for bicycle-vehicle interactions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100805

Simplified Routing Mechanism for Capsule Networks

Claudiu Pozna Áron Ballagi János Hollósi

Publication Name: Algorithms

Publication Date: 2023-07-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 7

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Classifying digital images using neural networks is one of the most fundamental tasks within the field of artificial intelligence. For a long time, convolutional neural networks have proven to be the most efficient solution for processing visual data, such as classification, detection, or segmentation. The efficient operation of convolutional neural networks requires the use of data augmentation and a high number of feature maps to embed object transformations. Especially for large datasets, this approach is not very efficient. In 2017, Geoffrey Hinton and his research team introduced the theory of capsule networks. Capsule networks offer a solution to the problems of convolutional neural networks. In this approach, sufficient efficiency can be achieved without large-scale data augmentation. However, the training time for Hinton’s capsule network is much longer than for convolutional neural networks. We have examined the capsule networks and propose a modification in the routing mechanism to speed up the algorithm. This could reduce the training time of capsule networks by almost half in some cases. Moreover, our solution achieves performance improvements in the field of image classification.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/a16070336