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Found 6374 publications

FORTRESS, WITH OPEN POSSIBILITIES: ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, ÉRD, HUNGARY

Krisztina Somogyi

Publication Name: Metszet

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 4

Page Range: 36-43

Description:

In an uncertain physical and intellectual environment, a presentation that suggests safety and a well-structured order is likely the best architectural strategy when designing a school. The idea of Érd Fenyves Parkváros Public Education Center started in 2016 with poorly articulated intentions, thus without a significant professional program or partners. Observing the functioning of the school that was handed over a couple of years ago and has been inhabited for a year and a half, the building has many spatial qualities that are still untapped. Led by Tamás Karácsony, György Major, and Péter Klobusovszki, the 24-classroom primary school created in the 'Vertical Workshop' of the Department of Public Building Design at BME may seem like a traditional fortress, but it could also serve as a pedagogy center that opens up to communities and offers alternatives.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.33268/Met.2025.4.6

ESG Ratings, Scope Emissions, and Corporate Creditworthiness: Insights into Rating Divergence in the U.S. and EU

Árpád Tóth Bence Lukács

Publication Name: Ecocycles

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 11

Issue: 2

Page Range: 27-34

Description:

This study explores the relationship between corporate credit ratings, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) ratings, and Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions for the largest 100 publicly traded companies by market capitalization in the U.S. and the EU. By integrating credit ratings from Moody’s and S&P Global, ESG ratings from Refinitiv and S&P Global, and emissions data from corporate sustainability reports, this research addresses the inconsistencies in how emissions transparency impacts creditworthiness. Employing statistical analyses such as correlation, regression, and quartile comparisons, the study provides novel insights into the weak association between ESG ratings and actual emissions performance. The findings reveal that higher credit-rated companies tend to report higher Scope 1 and 2 emissions, while ESG ratings, despite being seen as indicators of sustainability, fail to consistently reflect a company’s emissions data, particularly Scope 3 emissions. This study contributes to the literature by underlining the methodological divergences among ESG rating agencies, emphasizing their limited alignment with environmental performance metrics. Highlighting the need for a standardized ESG reporting framework, this paper calls attention to the limitations of current ESG scores as a proxy for corporate sustainability and their implications for credit rating assessments.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v11i2.498

Predicting Gear Noise Levels in Electric Multiple Units Based on Microgeometry Modifications Using Clustering and Inverse Distance Weighting †

Ambrus Zelei Krisztian Horvath Krisztián Horváth Krisztián Horváth

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 113

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Reducing noise in electric multiple-unit (EMU) gearboxes demands prediction tools that are both rapid and reliable. Gear sound pressure levels vary sharply with micrometre-scale changes such as tooth repair, inclination, or profile relief, yet traditional estimates depend on hours-long CAE simulations. We present a data-driven hybrid surrogate that combines k-means clustering and inverse distance weighting (CLS-IDW) within the ODYSSEE A-Eye platform to map geometry modifications directly to broadband noise. Trained on the open 200-case Romax dataset, the model returns predictions within milliseconds and reproduces unseen operating points, with R2 = 0.75 and a mean absolute error of 2.33 dB, matching solver repeatability. Sensitivity analysis identifies a −7° tooth inclination coupled with a 10 µm repair depth as the most effective combination, lowering noise by 3–5 dB. Eliminating costly CAE loops, the surrogate supports acoustics-aware optimisation at the concept stage, compressing development cycles and enhancing passenger comfort while maintaining transparency for regulatory review.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2025113034

Crisis and constitutional politics in Central Europe

Péter Smuk

Publication Name: Frontiers in Political Science

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 7

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This paper aims to examine the impact of significant crisis situations on the constitutional framework over the past decade, including financial crisis, migration, pandemics and war. The paper focuses on the Visegrad countries, especially Hungary, and analyses the constitutional amendments adopted and the relevant constitutional court decisions. By examining the justifications for the amendments and decisions, it is possible to observe the efforts of legislators and governing parties to overcome difficult governance situations in crisis management. The study aims to interpret the relationship between constitutional responses to social crises and crises of democratic political systems, and argues that the inherent feature of constitutional changes triggered by crises is that they remain part of the political system in the longer term. In turn, their impact determines not only the resilience of states and societies, but also the direction in which democratic systems evolve.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3389/fpos.2025.1545816

Bridging the divide: Addressing social tensions between internally displaced persons and host communities during wartime in Ukraine

Yuriy Bilan Halyna Mishchuk Natalia Samoliuk Olena Oliinyk

Publication Name: Problems and Perspectives in Management

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 23

Issue: 3

Page Range: 645-657

Description:

Forced migration of Ukraine’s population, caused by the war initiated by the russian federation, is a subject of national governance in demographic processes. In a country at war – rapidly losing human potential due to casualties among military and civil populations, as well as forced relocations – the social relations between internally displaced persons (IDPs) and host communities are of critical importance. The aim of this paper is to assess the perceptions of IDPs in host communities and to identify factors contributing to potential social tension. The research is based on a nationally representative sociological survey conducted in June–July 2024 in Ukraine, involving 514 IDPs and 850 residents of host communities. The findings reveal that social tension is generally low, with most ratings no higher than 3 out of 5. Notably, one-third of host community residents and two-thirds of IDPs did not observe any tension in social interactions at all. IDPs tended to be more optimistic in their evaluations compared to host community members: their perception was significantly lower, with only 7.3% reporting high levels of strain (4-5 out of 5). In contrast, the host population’s evaluations were more critical, particularly among young people and residents of regional centers, who expressed the most negative views. Key factors contributing to tension included negative changes in the housing market (44.8% of host community respondents), increased pressure on healthcare institutions (29.3%), and greater demand for administrative services (26.2%). The results highlighted the need for regular monitoring, which should complement traditional social management practices.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.21511/ppm.23(3).2025.46

A Study of Unmanned Store Adoption among University Students: A Control Variable Perspective

Szabolcs Ramhap Eszter Szabó-Szentgróti Petra Kinga Kézai

Publication Name: Decision Making Applications in Management and Engineering

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 1

Page Range: 364-379

Description:

In the past nine years, a significant trend has emerged in the retail sector with the rise of cashier less and unmanned stores. This technological innovation is becoming increasingly widespread across various countries, although its availability remains somewhat limited in Hungary. The current study investigates the extent to which students in Hungarian higher education institutions are willing to adopt this technology. It explores the factors influencing attitudes toward cashierless shopping, using the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) as the theoretical framework. Seven hypotheses were formulated based on a comprehensive review of existing literature and research models. In addition to these core hypotheses, the study also assessed whether three control variables income, gender, and location had an impact on key latent variables within the model. Data collection was conducted via an online questionnaire, which garnered responses from 843 participants. The study employed variance-based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to analyse and test the proposed research model. The results revealed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and hedonic motivation had a strong and positive influence on behavioural intention toward using cashier less stores. Regarding the control variables, significant relationships were identified between income and atmosphere variable, as well as income and price sensitivity. Furthermore, gender was found to have a significant influence on hedonic motivation, suggesting that these demographic factors play a moderating role in shaping attitudes toward unmanned store technology. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers in the retail industry who are considering the implementation of cashier less technology. The diffusion of this technology is expected to grow, making it crucial to investigate factors that influence not only intentions but also the actual use of unmanned stores.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.31181/dmame8120251371

Habits of Using Private Gardens and Green Spaces in Suburban Villages around Nitra

Tamás Hardi Gabriela Repaská Ádám Páthy Ján Veselovský

Publication Name: Geographica Pannonica

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 29

Issue: 1

Page Range: 48-64

Description:

The growth of suburbs alters the traditional villagescape due to increasing population and new housing developments. This not only affects the buildings but also alters the green spaces within the settlements. The amount of green space is decreasing as more densely populated developments are built. Additionally, most green spaces in villages are privately owned, with gardens making up the majority of these areas. Our study examines the attitudes of the population towards gardening and greening in four settlements near Nitra, Slovakia. Through questionnaires we explore how the attitudes of both newcomers and local residents differ and how this varies between the different settlements, to identify any differences in attitudes towards gardening.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5937/gp29-55081

Correction: Association between hand grip strength and exercise addiction: differences by sport category and sex among elite athletes (Frontiers in Psychology, (2025), 16, (1597239), 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1597239)

Ferenc Ihász Şaban Ünver Barış Karaoğlu Rita Kovacsik Celal Bulgay Gönül T. Demir Burcu Güvendi Angéla Somogyi Merve Alpay İsa Çiftçi Ebru Ceviz Alföldi Zoltan Attila Szabo

Publication Name: Frontiers in Psychology

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Sport Psychology The title of this article was erroneously given as: Association between hand grip strength and exercise addiction among high-level athletes: differences by sport category and sex in elite athletes. The correct title of the article is: “Association between hand grip strength and exercise addiction: differences by sport category and sex among elite athletes.” The original version of this article has been updated.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1755836

Sentiment Analysis of Marketplace Lending Platforms: A Study Based on Natural Language Processing

Jewel Kumar Roy

Publication Name: International Journal of Business Analytics

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study explores the link between user sentiment and credit risk on FinTech lending platforms using sentiment analysis techniques like Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and the Liu Hu method. Analyzing data from 2020 to 2023, findings reveal Kiva leads with 91.16% positive feedback and a 4.7-star rating but fewer reviews (617). LendingClub, with 1.58K reviews, has mixed sentiment (56.08% positive, 39.99% negative) and a lower rating (3.3 stars). Plenti achieves 58.33% positive sentiment but lower coherence, while Mintos balances sentiment (66.69% positive) with the largest review base (100K+). Results show platforms with higher positive sentiment and topic coherence mitigate credit risk more effectively, underscoring the value of user feedback in optimizing marketplace lending. The study offers actionable insights for FinTech stakeholders to improve app performance and user-centric financial solutions through effective sentiment analysis.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.4018/IJBAN.393942