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Found 6374 publications
Optimizing Inter-Basin Water Transfer for Sustainable Energy Management and Multipurpose Water Utilization
Publication Name: Advances in Science and Technology
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 165 AST
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 297-309
Description:
Climate change has further exacerbated long-standing water use conflicts in the Lake Velence catchment area in Hungary. The lake is the ecological, social and economic central element of the area, with water scarcity as water levels having fallen to record lows in recent years due to severe summer droughts. As a result of infrastructure developments in the 20th century and the significant waves of immigrants in recent decades, the lake and its surroundings have been heavily modified, transformed into an artificial waterbody, while land and water use has significantly altered. Besides these negative effects on water resources and the lake’s water level, settlements in the catchment area have become the top solar energy producers per housing in Hungary in recent years. The aim of this research is to identify and develop a possible inter-basin water recharge solution that meets societal needs based on the suggested development ideas formulated in questionnaire responses. A sustainable alternative of these solutions is pumping from a nearby catchment, that was evaluated in detail. Based on ecological considerations, a multi-criteria analysis summarizing nearly 100 water quality and quantity parameters was developed to ensure that water supply meets qualitative requirements. To ensure economically sustainable operating costs, the nearby solar capacities were used for pumps operation and energy storage. For energy demand and carbon emissions reduction, the uphill pumping was complemented with a downhill turbine hydropower recovery system. Several scenarios of the pumped water recharge system were considered and hydrodynamically optimized in Matlab. The return on investment of the inter-basin pumped water replenishment systems were evaluated as well as the carbon emissions to assure additional economic benefits and low carbon-footprint. A bottom-up methodology with large scale stakeholder involvement that assesses social needs and applies well-balanced the three pillars of sustainable development, can achieve a Pareto effective displacement even during the development of a water replacement system at the catchment level and beyond, on an inter-basin level. With a comprehensive methodology developed for pumped water recharge from an external catchment using existing renewable energy sources, the deteriorating social atmosphere and ecological conditions caused by climate and land use changes may be improved. In the meantime, even economic benefits can be increased, all with a low energy demand and carbon footprint, in a sustainable way.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.4028/p-jaWpD3
How business practices of social entrepreneurs shape brand resilience of retail company in Shanxi province, China
Publication Name: Journal of International Studies
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page Range: 254-283
Description:
Social entrepreneurs play an increasingly important role in shaping brand vitality and have gradually become a focus of attention and discussion in the academic community. Entrepreneurs not only need to focus on economic benefits, but also attach importance to corporate social responsibility to enhance brand resilience. This study aims to explore the relationship between the business practices of social entrepreneurs in Shanxi, China and their brand resilience. The research design adopts a quantitative comparative correlation approach, focusing on variables such as strategic orientation, altruism, and pragmatism. A correlation design is used to understand the strength and direction of the relationship between quantitative variables, without implying a direct causal relationship. Correlation analysis shows that as an important aspect of organizational strategy, strategic orientation does not directly affect the ability of social entrepreneurs to utilize, reposition, or adjust brand resilience. Altruism is a positive correlation between social entrepreneurs and the use of brand resilience, indicating that social entrepreneurs who prioritize altruistic actions are more likely to effectively utilize brand resilience. Practicality is crucial for the operational efficiency of social enterprises, but it does not significantly affect the ability to leverage, reposition, or adjust resilience within the brand. Therefore, social entrepreneurs need to consider more factors or adopt specific strategies, rather than just practicality, in order to effectively strengthen brand resilience in the face of challenges and uncertainties. The results showed that the correlation between current overall business practices and overall brand resilience is weak, indicating that other unexplored factors or finer organizational dynamics may play a more important role in determining brand resilience in the context of social entrepreneurship. To uncover these factors and better understand their impact on the organizational resilience and success of the social enterprise sector, further research may be needed. The results of this study provide important insights for entrepreneurs to reshape their business practices and guide policy decisions.
Open Access: Yes
SUSTAINABILITY RELATED VALUES IN FAMILY-FRIENDLY ORGANIZATIONS
Publication Name: Journal of Community Positive Practices
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 25
Issue: 1
Page Range: 34-43
Description:
The focus of the study is to examine the set of values of family-friendly organizations in Hungary. The study highlights the importance of organizational values as a fundamental part of corporate culture, which can be a major competitive advantage for companies. Values at the organizational level not only influence employees’ behaviour but also play an important role in strategic decision-making. Based on the results of a questionnaire survey carried out in spring 2023, this study demonstrates, which values dominate among organizations with the label Family-Friendly Workplace in Hungary and which are the priorities that influence their decisions. The research is meant to prove that a number of values related to social and environmental sustainability are considered in the basic principles of the organizations involved in the survey. They regard the family, support for families and work-life balance as core values. Beside family-related values, other important principles are included, such as equal opportunities, social responsibility and support for disadvantaged social groups. In addition, environmental sustainability and environmental awareness are strongly reflected in the values of family-friendly organizations.
Open Access: Yes
Green Energy Literacy and Eco- Inequality: Exploring Socio- Demographic Drivers of Sustainable Awareness
Publication Name: Inequality and Environmental Degradation in A Prosperity Driven World
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 401-428
Description:
This research examines the complex interaction of socio- demographic characteristics and socio- ecological factors in the specification of green energy- related financial literacy across different populations. The research employs a mixed- methods ap-proach that combines quantitative survey returns of respondents across different regions with qualitative interview data from respondents with diverse demographic characteristics. Results indicate significant inconsistencies in green energy monetary literacy, whereby increased levels of education, urban residence, young age cohorts, and greater environmental consciousness powerfully predict greater understanding of renewable energy funding options, incentive systems, and investment strategies. The research concludes by calling for the development of culturally sensitive, localespecific financial education programs that can provide fill- in- knowledge and provide equal access to opportunities for green energy adoption.
Open Access: Yes
Anchoring Bias in Generative AI: A Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models in a Pricing Scenario
Publication Name: 2025 IEEE 16th International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2025
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 115-120
Description:
Generative artificial intelligence systems are increasingly appearing in decision-support processes, so it is essential to address the extent to which these models are prone to human-like cognitive biases. This study investigates whether anchoring bias can be detected in large language models in a simulated market decision-making situation where the AI's task was to determine the launch price of a new smartwatch. In the experimental setup, five different generative AI models (GPT-4o, GPT-4.5, Gemini 2.5 Pro, Grok 3 Beta, Sonar) were tested with low and high numerical anchor values. For each model, 20 runs were performed under both conditions (a total of 200 queries), and the results were analyzed using an independent sample t-test and an anchoring index. Based on the results, the GPT-4o model showed significant anchoring bias (AnI=13.12%), while in the case of GPT-4.5, this was more moderate (AnI =5.67%). The responses of the other models were completely consistent, with a standard deviation of 0 and no changes observed between different anchoring conditions. The hypothesis tests confirmed that the anchoring effect is not universally characteristic, but rather a model-dependent behavioral peculiarity. The study contributes to the measurement of bias sensitivity in artificial intelligence and to the development of a possible future behavioral benchmark. The practical significance of the research is that it draws attention to the fact that individual models may be sensitive to irrelevant numerical contexts, which can lead to biased results in business decisions. Therefore, for companies, not only language performance but also this type of bias profile may be an important consideration when selecting and deploying generative AI systems.
Open Access: Yes
Coherent manipulation of spatial bright solitons of reflection and transmission using control fields of Milnor Gaussian polynomials
Publication Name: Frontiers in Physics
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 13
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
The generation of spatial bright solitons of reflection and transmission pulses and their intensities are investigated in a sodium atomic medium using Gaussian Milnor polynomial control fields. Significant bright and dark ring-shaped solitons are controlled by balancing nonlinearity and dispersion along two spatial coordinates. The intensity is more localized along one of the spatial coordinates due to larger nonlinearity and spread along other spatial coordinates due to smaller nonlinearity in the reflection pulse. A circular, crater-type bright soliton intensity is also maintained around the origin of the x and y coordinates, exhibiting varying intensity along the circumference. A large, bright intensity peak is observed around the origin, with the intensity minima at the center in reflection. The intensity peaks are enhanced in one of the spatial coordinates and localized in another coordinate in reflection. A large Gaussian-type bright solitonic intensity distribution is investigated at approximately (Formula presented.) throughout the variation along the x-axis in the transmission pulse pattern. The reflection and transmission pulse intensities vary from (Formula presented.) to (Formula presented.), and at least (Formula presented.) of the intensity of the incident pulse is lost by attenuation. The modified results are useful in optical communications, fiber optics, optical computation, signal processing, radar technology, and artificial neural networks.
Open Access: Yes
The Impact of LED-Based eHMIs on Pedestrian Decision-Making and Perceptions at Crossings
Publication Name: Transportation Research Procedia
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 91
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 163-170
Description:
Effective communication between vehicles and pedestrians is essential for ensuring crossing safety, particularly as automated vehicles (AVs) become more prevalent. This study evaluated pedestrian perceptions of five communication scenarios using green LED-based External Human–Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) mounted on a conventional vehicle: (A) an arrow LED on the license plate, (B) an arrow LED on the windscreen, (C) a full LED on the license plate, (D) a full LED on the windscreen, and (E) no LED interface (control). Participants viewed video recordings of each scenario and responded to questions regarding perceived safety, clarity, and trust. Additionally, their leg movement onset time was recorded as an indicator of crossing decision behavior. The results indicated that the full LED on the license plate was perceived as the most trustworthy and clear, and it elicited faster crossing decisions compared to the control condition. In contrast, no LED interface yielded the lowest scores for clarity, safety, and trust, and was associated with longer decision times. Statistical analysis (Kendall’s τ > 0.6) revealed strong correlations among perceived safety, trust, and clarity across all conditions. These findings support the potential of LED-based eHMIs - particularly those with full green illumination - to enhance pedestrian safety and decision-making at crossings.
Open Access: Yes
Technologies for Minimizing Track Degradation and Additional Dynamic Effects at Permanent Way-Railway Bridge Stiffness Transitions †
Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 113
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Railway tracks at bridge approaches experience significant vertical stiffness transitions, leading to adverse effects such as settlement and increased dynamic loads, accelerating track degradation. This study explores various structural solutions, including geosynthetics, reinforced ballast, transition slabs, under sleeper pads (USPs), under ballast mats (UBMs), jet grouting, and special rail fasteners. Despite their application, these solutions often fail due to their static nature. This paper introduces an adaptive approach using special rail fastenings with real-time adjustable stiffness. This system dynamically modifies rail support characteristics based on train speed and track conditions, improving track durability, ride quality, and maintenance strategies. The findings demonstrate the potential of adaptive systems to enhance railway infrastructure performance.
Open Access: Yes
Advancing Lubrication Modeling: A Preliminary Study of Finite Element Solutions for Cavitation-Aware Reynolds Equation †
Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 113
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
In the modern automotive industry, one of the most challenging tasks is minimizing energy losses caused by friction. Despite its significance, only a limited number of numerical simulation tools are available for effectively addressing lubrication-related problems. The accurate modeling of lubrication phenomena requires solving a specialized form of the Navier–Stokes equations, which accounts for cavitation effects within a thin fluid film. To address this, a finite element software is currently under development to solve the Reynolds equation while incorporating cavitation effect. This advanced tool enables the precise simulation of how the microgeometry of contacting surfaces influences the lubrication characteristics of the fluid film. By optimizing these surface features, the research aims not only to reduce energy dissipation but also to ensure the long-term durability of mechanical components. The findings obtained thus far demonstrate promising improvements in lubrication efficiency and structural longevity. These results, along with the methodological advancements, will be presented in detail at the upcoming conference.
Open Access: Yes
