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Found 6334 publications

First report of Rhodococcus fascians causing leafy gall on Iberis sempervirens in Hungary

László Palkovics Zoltán Bozsó András Künstler János Ágoston Judit Kolozsváriné Nagy Ildikó Schwarczinger Dénes Dlauchy Lóránt Király József Fodor

Publication Name: Phytopathologia Mediterranea

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 63

Issue: 3

Page Range: 465-473

Description:

In spring of 2023, leafy gall symptoms were detected on plants of evergreen candytuft (Iberis sempervirens ‘Pink Ice’) in Hungary. Bacteria isolated from gall-like tissues of short, stunted shoots, and showing a characteristic appearance on selective culture media were investigated using bacteriological and molecular methods, and phylogenetic analysis. Nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA gene, fasD and vicA genes were determined. Pathogenicity of selected isolates was confirmed on garden pea (Pisum sativum ‘Tristar’). Characterization of the investigated isolates indicated the presence of Rhodococcus fascians in I. sempervirens. This is the first report identifying the causal agent of leafy gall from this plant in Hungary.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.36253/phyto-15357

Enhancing Decision-Making Through Generative AI: Human-AI Interaction in Organizational Contexts

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: International Scientific Business Conference Limen Leadership Innovation Management and Economics Integrated Politics of Research

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 2024

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 89-98

Description:

In recent years, Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) has evolved significantly and is playing an increasingly important role in supporting business and organisational decision-making. This research aims to explore the role and potential of GAI in this area through a systematic literature review using the PRISMA model. It focuses on the specific tasks in which generative AI can support decision makers and the advantages and disadvantages of using the technology. The research will pay particular attention to the ways in which generative AI can influence human-AI interaction and reduce cognitive biases in the decision-making process. The analysis will explore the experiences and limitations of AI-based decision-making, highlighting the practical benefits and potential limitations of the technology in the corporate environment. The results of this research can contribute to a more effective application of generative AI in decision support and help organisations to optimise their decision-making processes.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.31410/LIMEN.S.P.2024.89

SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY PROGRAMS THAT SERVE AS ACTIVE TRAVEL TO SCHOOL PROGRAMS IN HUNGARY: THE CASE OF PEDIBUS AND BICIBUS

Petra Kinga Kézai

Publication Name: Europa Xxi

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 46

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 5-20

Description:

In the context of modern, sustainable urban development, various socio-technical innovations have proliferated in response to urban challenges, offering well-defined solutions. Since the 1970s, the socalled ‘backseat generation’, a group of children whose parents drive them to school daily, has emerged in developed countries, particularly in urban areas. This phenomenon has many adverse effects on children, the environment, and urban spaces. The present study addresses the issue of urban transport management, in particular, the issue of daily active transport to school. Based on literature analysis, it aims to present good international examples, such as the pedibus and the bicycle bus, which emphasize local values and resources in the light of the ‚slow city’ concept. The study concludes with a presentation and evaluation of the pilot programs (Pedibus in Gödöllő and Bicibus in Pécs) that have been established in Hungary in recent years. These programs provide a supervised, safe, group-based solution for school children and their families to get to school and build community between different generations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.7163/Eu21.2024.46.2

DEVELOPMENT OF THE BONDING TECHNOLOGY OF MODERN AUTOMOTIVE MATERIALS WITH ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY SOLUTIONS

Zoltán Weltsch Miklós Berczeli Ferenc Tajti

Publication Name: Communications Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 26

Issue: 2

Page Range: B135-B141

Description:

The significance of bonding technology for modern vehicle structural materials is increasingly acknowledged, driven by the adoption of new materials to reduce weight. This is important not only for quality and economic reasons but to address environmental pollution, as well. Traditional joining methods like riveting, screwing, welding, and brazing, are often unsuitable or limited for modern materials. Soldering, an economical and almost waste-free technology, is becoming more widespread. Through optimization, it achieves a strong, durable bond. There is a potential to favourably alter interface properties, including using high energy density surface treatments. Research showed that the laser surface treatment of high-strength steel sheets could improve the mechanical properties of soldered joints.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.26552/com.C.2024.026

Determination of the health-protective effect of different Sempervivum and Jovibarba species

E. Lakatos V. Kapcsándi Székelyhidi Rita Beatrix Sik Angéla Mrázik Zsolt Giczi

Publication Name: Journal of King Saud University Science

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 36

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study aimed to examine the micro- and macroelements, as well as the total antioxidant, and polyphenol content of 22 different types of dried houseleek, and fresh plant decoctions. The measurement of antioxidant and polyphenol content was carried out with two drying methods- a drying cabinet and lyophilization. The plants, without exception, were provided by Berger Trio Kft. from Jánossomorja (Hungary), thus, the influencing effect of the environment is negligible in the case of the tested species. Based on the results, the type of houseleek has a clear influencing effect on the amount of the tested constituents. The investigated microelements were B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn, while Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, and S were examined among the macroelements. In terms of microelement content, Mn was present in outstanding amounts (20.67–148.00 mg/kg DW), while among macroelements Ca (44.43–95.27 g/kg DW) and Na (24.07–128.50 g/kg DW) was present in larger quantities in the samples. It can be said that in the case of samples with a high amount of antioxidants and polyphenols, the element content is low and the reverse is also true. During the examination of the dried houseleeks, outstanding values were obtained for the tested compounds. The antioxidant values of the dried leaves were between 2.22 and 317.74 mg AAE/g DW, while their polyphenol contents ranged from 5.52 to 144.16 mg GAE/g DW, however, the drying methods had some influencing effect. Regarding fresh plant decoctions, the polyphenol contents (0,02–1,11 mg GAE/g FW) were negligible, while the amount of antioxidants (2,38–4,61 mg AAe/g FW) were low. With other solvents (e.g. alcoholic extraction - tinctures), better results are likely to be achieved. Houseleek species (especially in dried form) are an excellent source of trace elements, antioxidants, and phenolic components so they can even be used as additives to functional foods or consumed on their own in the form of encapsulated dietary supplements.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2023.102998

Induced and field mechanical effects on the hatchability of broiler breeder hatching eggs

K. G. Kovácsné T. Torma

Publication Name: European Poultry Science

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 88

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Egg transport and rough egg handling can have numerous negative effects on hatchability. The authors monitored mechanical effects under field conditions by acceleration sensors and then simulated the same scale effects using a modelling machine to verify the effects on hatchability. To measure and record mechanical effects-instantaneous acceleration (m/s2), three-dimensional HOBO® Pendant® G Data Logger were used. The RSS, RSM values calculated from the data from the accelerometer can serve as a point of reference for practitioners to see the mechanical effect level which results in significant negative impact on the hatchability results. It was also revealed that the measurement of the recorded values in the different directions and the minimum and maximum values are important too. Using the HOBO® Pendant® G Data Logger and detailed logging (the exact location of the logger at the time of the technological steps at a given time) can reveal the location of the maximum impact. By analysing RMS x, y, z, the type of impact can be determined. By combining these two pieces of two information, the technological failure can be clearly revealed and corrected. The measurement process described by the authors provides practical advice for hatching egg producers. Moreover, attention is drawn to the short-term damage effect on hatchability, since the 5-minute treatment at 20 Hz, prior incubation significantly reduced the hatchability (P < 0.05), which was achieved at the level of 10.02 RSS m/s2 and 12.3 m/s2 maximum value in the direction of x-axis. It is important for hatching egg producers to be aware that the damage to the mechanical effect is not only visible (broken, cracked eggshell), but can also negatively affect hatchability and thus the profitability of the sector. Furthermore, the typical “spider web” crack on the eggshell clearly refers to the mechanical impact caused by vibration.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1399/eps.2024.397

Application of the localized method of fundamental solutions to heat transfer problems

Csaba Gáspár

Publication Name: Journal of Physics Conference Series

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 2766

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

A localized version of the Method of Fundamental Solutions is applied to the 2D steady heat transfer equation with spatially varying thermal conductivity. Though the corresponding fundamental solution cannot be computed in general, the localization splits the original problem into several subproblems defined on small subdomains; in these subdomains, the subproblems are approximately converted to certain convection-diffusion equations with constant coefficients, so that the Method of Fundamental Solutions is applicable. In each subdomain, the corresponding subproblem is solved separately. This results in an iterative method, which mimics the overlapping (alternating) Schwarz method. Due to its advantageous numerical properties, the technique seems a useful generalization of the Method of Fundamental Solutions. The method is illustrated through numerical examples.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2766/1/012157

Fuzzy Linguistic Signatures and Their Applications

Nour Ammar Ĺaszĺo T. Ḱoczy

Publication Name: Ines 2024 28th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems 2024 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 27-30

Description:

In the real world, many situations involve dealing with vague and imprecise information, and managing this uncertainty is a big challenge. Numerical-based modeling alone is often insufficient in such cases. As a result, many researchers have implemented fuzzy signatures as a means to overcome this problem. However, there are instances where parameters remain ambiguous, and determining the fuzzy membership degree and membership function as inputs and outputs of such a system is not possible. Therefore, integrating fuzzy signatures with linguistic descriptors provides a more realistic approach to handling uncertain knowledge about the problem. This paper aims to discuss the new fuzzy linguistic signature model, which offers a unique solution by enabling the incorporation of qualitative and quantitative information and explores its potential applications. A software entirely based on linguistic inputs and outputs has been implemented to demonstrate the concept.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/INES63318.2024.10629115

Reinforcement Learning-Based Robust Vehicle Control for Autonomous Vehicle Trajectory Tracking †

Balazs Nemeth Peter Gaspar Attila Lelkó

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This publication presents a new method by which control methods based on reinforcement learning can be combined with classical robust control methods. The combination results in a robust management system that meets high-quality criteria. The described method is presented through the control of an autonomous vehicle. By choosing the reward function chosen during reinforcement learning, various driving styles can be realized, e.g., lap time minimization, track tracking, and travel comfort. The neural network was trained using the Proximal Policy Optimization algorithm, and the robust control is based on (Formula presented.). The two controllers are combined using a supervisor structure, in which a quadratic optimization task is implemented. The result of the method is a control structure that realizes the longitudinal and lateral control of the vehicle by specifying the reference speed and the steering angle. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated through simulations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079030