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Found 6327 publications

The Labour Movement, Marxism, Northern Leftists, Feminist Socialism and Student Rebels in Nigeria, 1963-78

Adam Mayer Baba Aye

Publication Name: Revolutionary Movements in Africa an Untold Story

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 96-120

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Intelligent Traffic Signal Control Using Rule Based Fuzzy System

Tamrat Delessa Chala Ĺaszĺo T. Ḱoczy

Publication Name: Studies in Computational Intelligence

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 1087

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 347-371

Description:

Over the past decades, there has been an ever-increasing saturation of traffic networks due to the growing number of road vehicles, and due to the available limited. To solve these problems, adaptive, (semi-) intelligent traffic control has been used widely for the last decades. These systems nevertheless, have some shortages, the most obvious one being that these systems use the presence of vehicles at the lanes immediately before reaching the intersections. The real queue size cannot be taken into consideration. In the present approach, the input values are supposed to come from cameras connected with image processing systems and directed microphones. We propose a new traffic signal control system with a hierarchical structure based on similarly Mamdani control, however, containing essentially novel elements and having more intelligent features. This new model and the connected algorithmic approach allow rather complex control strategies, but only a simple case study has been implemented. Compared with existing fuzzy traffic controls, the novel approach has more adaptability and flexibility, by having the potential to differentiate an arbitrary number of traffic directions and by increasing general safety by the additional emergency vehicle handling feature. In addition, the calculation with queues, and individual vehicles weighted with the waiting time makes the system more flexible than any existing intelligent model.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-25759-9_17

Analysis of Human-Robot Interactions as a Sustainability Factor

Adam Csapo Csaba Hajdu

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 85-90

Description:

Robotic systems are traditionally widespread in the efficient automatization of industrial processes. Recent applications include material handling, reconnaissance, and agricultural tasks, besides the more traditional assembly line tasks. On the other hand, the recent advancements of robotic systems aim at enhancing and even replacing the human workforce in traditional social service tasks, like nursery, clerk positions, eldercare, and catering – collectively called social robotics. Developed countries generally suffer from the decreased available workforce in these areas, threatening the long-term availability of such essential services. The robots providing such services are required to appear and behave human-like to some degree to interact with people seamlessly. Human-like behavior requires complex software and hardware systems with learning capabilities to solve social situations appropriately. This paper investigates the relationship between human-robot interactions and sustainability and identifies the foundational similarities between the aims of the two interdisciplinary fields. The paper proposes the effect of complex interaction capabilities on sustainable factors and their possible qualitative verification. The quantitative factors described in this paper are the social perception of different robots and their expected functions defined by the foundational human-robot interaction roles. The paper proposes the possible contribution of future social robot applications to sustainability factors, such as the effect of telepresence. The paper also presents the result of a qualitative survey of participating university students on the acceptance of different types of robots based on their visual appearance. The assumption of possible integration of robots into social roles and what appearance is perceived as acceptable. In summary, this paper highlights the sustainable factors in human-robot interactions by identifying the effects of social robot roles and mapping between corresponsive sustainability factors, most importantly resolving workforce deficit.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107015

THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE HUNGARIAN NUTS3 REGIONS BETWEEN 2010-2020

Dusek Tamás Judit Berkes

Publication Name: Deturope

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 2

Page Range: 85-108

Description:

The aim of the study is to analyse the changes in the socio-economic performance of Hungarian regions in the previous decade. The first part of the paper deals with the epistemological and methodological questions of the analysis of temporal change of spatial differences of various individual and composite socio-economic indicators. In the second part the empirical analysis will be conducted at the county level (NUTS 3 level, 20 spatial units), including a wide range of economic, social and demographic variables. The analysis is concerned with processes over an eleven-year period, 2010-2020. Our methodology combines the analysis of individual indicators with the use of complex aggregated indicators composed of several indicators. Some of the counties show higher level of socio-economic performance with more developed infrastructure, higher quality of education and stronger economic base. However, the picture is not entirely uniform, there are small, moderately positive and negative movements compared to the national average.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.32725/DET.2023.014

Role of Science Centres in the Field of Sustainability

Attila Pongracz Szabolcs Rákosi

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 109-114

Description:

Sustainable Development is hard to imagine without a responsible, smart society. Accordingly, Education and Awareness-raising are essential prerequisites for social knowledge and acceptance of Sustainability. This research examines the role of today's innovative educational and awareness-raising institutions and science centres in presenting Sustainable Development issues playfully and experientially, and thus in shaping the attitudes of upgrowing generations and adults. The research aims to investigate how and to what extent science centres in Hungary reflect in their content and operations the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) declared by the UN and Sustainability in a broader sense. A questionnaire survey was carried out by contacting 14 science centres, supplemented by an analysis of the external communication of the institutions and a telephone inquiry. The results indicate that instead of representing the diversity of SDGs, on average, only 30 % of them are presented, and science centres are highly specialised, which threatens equal access and fairness. This study is outstanding in several respects: it contributes to the development of institutions by presenting promising practices, and its academic relevance is given by the fact that research on the operation of science centres is still lacking in Hungary.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107019

Circular Concepts and Values: Will Reuse Become Fashionable?

Cecília Szigeti Katalin Bándy Máté Farkas-Kis Sándor Remsei

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 301-306

Description:

Analysts often treat the circular economy as a technical issue. They often focus on how to organise work processes better. The authors’ concept is that circularity is much more than that, and a more precise and holistic approach can help create a better and more inclusive future for all. Young people play a key role in achieving a circular future (as a socioeconomic system). In this paper, the authors will look at how young people relate to circular processes. The research, based on a survey of 1,442 university students, took place in November and December 2022. The majority of the respondents were born around 2000 and are enrolled in undergraduate studies at Széchenyi István University. The questions of a standardised questionnaire were designed to collect information on the awareness of participation in the socioeconomic cycle process, the understanding of the context and the way of participation. The results of the research show that the students who consider themselves environmentally conscious are more likely to recycle and collect waste selectively, but it is not clear whether they participate in extending the life of the objects (swapping, second market, etc.). The research also found that students do not use and are typically unaware of online applications promoting circular lifestyles. The research sheds light on what a circular future would look like and what could be built on it.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107051

The Realization of a Circular Economy in the Construction Industry and Its Adaptation to EU Standards in Hungary

Adrienn Buruzs K. Kozma

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 535-540

Description:

Transforming the linear economy into a circular one in the construction sector is not an easy task. Such a radical change entails a major transformation of the current production and consumption patterns, which in turn will have a significant impact on the economy, the environment, and society. The European Commission sees great potential in the recycling and reuse of construction and demolition waste (CDW) and has also emphasised the importance of this waste stream in its directives on the circular economy. This paper first presents the concept of CDW and its regulatory characteristics. It then introduces the types and sources of CDW. Third, based on an analysis of the literature, the paper identifies the possible links between the CDW and the circular economy and current trends and practices of recovery, reuse, and recovery. Finally, through the examples presented, it gives an overview of the current situation and trends in Hungary and makes recommendations for future development opportunities for the practitioners to help them adapt to recent changes. The options for doing this are important, but the problems that may hinder this process also need to be examined. In this article, the author seeks to find answers to this question.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107090

Examining the CSR Practice of Family-Friendly Workplaces in the Light of Sustainability

Márta Nárai Anna Pátkai Bende

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 67-72

Description:

This paper examines corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices of organizations with „Family-Friendly Workplace” trademark certificate in Hungary. The aim of this paper is to reveal the role of family-friendly workplaces in contributing to sustainability based on the results of a questionnaire survey. The study emphasizes the essentiality of family-friendly workplaces for sustainability, as they create an environment for their employees that supports their work-life balance and thus it contributes to improving their quality of life and to creating a more livable and sustainable society. Moreover, this research highlights that these workplaces also stand out with regard to other CSR activities. 68.7 % of family-friendly organizations consciously define the priorities of their CSR activities, with around 40 % having a CSR strategy and 35.3 % having a sustainability strategy in which their commitment in the areas of CSR and sustainability is recorded. These priorities are fair business, participation in local community life, environmental protection and sustainability, equal opportunities, and responsible employment. More than 60 % of the examined workplaces support civil, non-profit organizations and local community initiatives, and more than half of them implemented various CSR-related programs in the last three years, including fundraisers, educational and work training, actions in the field of environmental protection as well as community and health promotion programs. This study concludes that with their implemented activities, family-friendly organizations in Hungary make a significant contribution to sustainability.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107012

Numerical Examination of a Forest Area Fire

László Környei Csaba Hajdu F. Hajdu Rajmund Kuti Dóra Beke

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 61-66

Description:

An important task of sustainability is the protection of Earth's forests and the prevention of forest fires. In this paper, the numerical examination of a typical Hungarian ash forest fire is presented. The connection between sustainability and forest fire simulations is also discussed. For the simulation, a Fire Dynamics Simulator was selected, and a particle-based model was used. The simulation setup, which includes a random location of trees following Poisson distribution, is also explained. Then, the simulation of a 10x10 m area of ash forest is presented. It was found that in case of arson, the fire spreads rapidly among the trees, and there will be a high-intensity fire in which the forest area burns down in 4 min. The mass loss rate, the temperature, and the heat release rate also increased fast (above 50 kg/s, above 2,000 °C and above 800,000 kW). The aerosol concentration reached a high pollutant concentration (1.3x10-6), and the carbon dioxide concentration also increased significantly (above 14,000 ppm). These changes have a direct effect on climate change. Therefore, it is important to examine them in a simulation environment. The simulation was compared to a pine tree forest simulation, and it could be observed that in the case of the pine tree, the values are similar, but phenomena occur faster. With the computer simulation, it is easier to determine the areas affected by the fire, which also helps fire prevention and firefighting. The aim of the research is to contribute to the prevention and more efficient extinguishment of wildfires and the sustainability of the Earth.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107011