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A Big Data Approach to Improve Productivity and Sustainability in the Clothing Manufacturing Industry: Case Study from Bangladesh

László Buics Md Abdullah Al Mamun

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 445-450

Description:

The goal of this article is to examine opportunities and show the approach of using big data analytics to boost productivity in the case of clothing manufacturing factories in a sustainable way. The Bangladeshi manufacturing industry is mainly dominated by the apparel and textile sector for a long time now, and this has seen a large growth over the years. However, this industry is still far from using the latest technologies to improve productivity even further and bring sustainability. Usually, manufacturing operations involve the generation of a large amount of structured or unstructured, useful or non-useful data on a daily basis. This huge amount of information is known as big data, which is difficult to handle by using traditional data management and analysis tools. However, with the help of big data analytics used in a proper method, the collected information can be used to track insufficiencies in different areas of manufacturing operations. This research is conducted based on a similar idea where problems are identified, and production data collected from a garments manufacturing plant in Bangladesh are analyzed. Based on real factory data, several hypothetical frameworks were developed to implement and analyse the production data with the help of big data analytics, computerized sewing machines, radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and passive infrared sensors. The paper also shows an estimated implementation cost and return on investment of the suggested approach.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107075

Sustainability in Railways – A Review

Szabolcs Fischer Szabolcs Szalai Szabolcs Kocsis Szurke András Brautigam Laszlo Ezsias

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 7-12

Description:

This paper examines the sustainability of railways. A comprehensive international literature review was conducted on railway vehicles, traction, and railway permanent way. The main goal was to find the factors and parameters that affect railway sustainability the most. CO2 emissions from transportation, mining, raw material production, manufacturing, use, operation and maintenance, and demolition and restoration must be significantly reduced. Naturally, the attention will be on the considerable energy and financial savings. This article's main topics are sustainability, affordable and clean energy, industry, innovation, infrastructure, sustainable cities and communities, responsible consumption and production, climate action, and life on land. Building materials come from quarries and gravel pits, but availability is decreasing. Future pavement construction and maintenance require recycling demolition and industrial waste. Engineers must choose materials and technology that extend track lifetimes to ensure reliability, availability, maintainability, safety, sustainability, and economy in permanent railroad ways. Life-cycle costs can be reduced, e.g., by Building Information Modeling. Electric machinery is preferred for construction equipment, materials, and management. Sustainability, like grassed tracks and recyclable plastics, has improved urban life. Sheet metal forming using recycled materials and sustainability shows how important environmental protection is in car and train design. Electric road and rail propulsion are driven by environmental concerns, while supercapacitors and batteries are studied. In conclusion, by preferring rail for freight and passenger transport, both for private and public transport, energy savings and CO2 emissions can be up to 2-10 times higher than for other modes of transport.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107002

Sustainability Objectives and Central Banks

András Lapsánszky Gábor Hulkó János Kálmán

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 331-336

Description:

This article examines how addressing climate-related risks and supporting mitigation and adaptation policies fit into central bank mandates. According to this goal, the research conducts an empirical examination of current central bank mandates to investigate the extent to which central banks are equipped with objectives that task them to enhance sustainability and mainstream green finance. The analysis of mandates and objectives using the IMF’s Central Bank Legislation Database. Out of 159 IMF member countries and monetary unions, only 12 % have explicit sustainability mandates, while 33 % are mandated to support the government’s policy priorities, which mostly include sustainability goals. The research concludes that it should be clear that climate change and mitigation policies will have very profound impacts on economies, with potentially significant implications for price, macroeconomic, and financial stability. These need to be tackled by central banks as part of their core responsibilities. A central bank that does not address climate risks is failing to do its job.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107056

THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE HUNGARIAN NUTS3 REGIONS BETWEEN 2010-2020

Dusek Tamás Judit Berkes

Publication Name: Deturope

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 2

Page Range: 85-108

Description:

The aim of the study is to analyse the changes in the socio-economic performance of Hungarian regions in the previous decade. The first part of the paper deals with the epistemological and methodological questions of the analysis of temporal change of spatial differences of various individual and composite socio-economic indicators. In the second part the empirical analysis will be conducted at the county level (NUTS 3 level, 20 spatial units), including a wide range of economic, social and demographic variables. The analysis is concerned with processes over an eleven-year period, 2010-2020. Our methodology combines the analysis of individual indicators with the use of complex aggregated indicators composed of several indicators. Some of the counties show higher level of socio-economic performance with more developed infrastructure, higher quality of education and stronger economic base. However, the picture is not entirely uniform, there are small, moderately positive and negative movements compared to the national average.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.32725/DET.2023.014

Generalized Objective Function to Ensure Robust Evaluation for Evolutionary Storage Location Assignment Algorithms

Tamás Bódis Polina Görbe

Publication Name: Communications in Computer and Information Science

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 1864 CCIS

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 546-559

Description:

The efficiency of warehouse operations can be measured by various indicators, but the main one is the lead time, which is heavily influenced by the order picking, as this is the most time- and labor-intensive process in the warehouse operation. In order to reduce lead times, many researchers are working on the topic of Storage Location Assignment Problem (SLAP) The optimized SLA is designed to improve picking efficiency, so that the picker does not have to travel long distances unnecessarily in a picker-to-parts system. During the optimization process, it is necessary to evaluate the SLA in an appropriate way, on the basis of which it is possible to measure whether the objectives are approximated by the results or not. It is also very important to evaluate regularly the SLA during the period after optimization to get an up-to-date information about the assignment of the storage items. The results of regular evaluations can be used to check whether the SLA is effective and lead times are good or whether optimization and reassignment is necessary. Based on studies and experience, SLAs are reassessed and optimized following significant inefficiencies, resulting in relocation tasks and additional work and costs for warehouses. The authors’ research concept includes avoiding large-scale relocation tasks by continuously review the SLA. While other studies evaluate the optimized SLA by running picking lists, but it usually would be necessary to get information about the assignment of the entire warehouse. Furthermore, since assigning thousands of items to thousands of positions is a huge combinational problem, evolutionary algorithm would be necessary to apply. It is also requiring time-effective and generalized individual evolution method to make us possible tactical SLA optimization. The aim of this paper is to describe a novel generalized SLA evaluation method where each of the located items is evaluated to obtain a more accurate optimization result. Furthermore, unlike other research, the aim is to ensure that the optimization concept and the evaluation method are not only specified for one warehouse but can be used in other warehouses as well.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-41774-0_43

Role of Science Centres in the Field of Sustainability

Attila Pongracz Szabolcs Rákosi

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 109-114

Description:

Sustainable Development is hard to imagine without a responsible, smart society. Accordingly, Education and Awareness-raising are essential prerequisites for social knowledge and acceptance of Sustainability. This research examines the role of today's innovative educational and awareness-raising institutions and science centres in presenting Sustainable Development issues playfully and experientially, and thus in shaping the attitudes of upgrowing generations and adults. The research aims to investigate how and to what extent science centres in Hungary reflect in their content and operations the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) declared by the UN and Sustainability in a broader sense. A questionnaire survey was carried out by contacting 14 science centres, supplemented by an analysis of the external communication of the institutions and a telephone inquiry. The results indicate that instead of representing the diversity of SDGs, on average, only 30 % of them are presented, and science centres are highly specialised, which threatens equal access and fairness. This study is outstanding in several respects: it contributes to the development of institutions by presenting promising practices, and its academic relevance is given by the fact that research on the operation of science centres is still lacking in Hungary.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107019

Validation Process of the Computer Simulation of a Test-Purpose Self-Driving Vehicle

Áron Ballagi Miklos Unger Rudolf Krecht

Publication Name: Iavvc 2023 IEEE International Automated Vehicle Validation Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The aim of this article is to propose the initial validation steps for a test-purpose self-driving vehicle. The basis of the computer simulation in question is a passenger vehicle converted to be capable of specific self-driving tasks, meaning that it features a complete low-level control system, an onboard computer for high-level computation and a full sensor set consisting of laser scanners, lidars, cameras and GNSS receivers. The computer simulation of the described vehicle is created using the SVL Autonomous Vehicle Simulator and aims to completely model the behavior of the real transformed vehicle. To ensure the fidelity of the computer simulation, a set of comparative measurements are defined, which are realized using both the real vehicle and its computer simulation. The basis of comparison is, on one hand, the assessment of the vehicle control system by comparing control input and output, on the other hand, the comparison of onboard sensor measurement results.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/IAVVC57316.2023.10328107

Employment status of Hungarian food delivery workers in the post pandemic era

Ali Ilhan Frank Füredi

Publication Name: Ukrainian Food Journal

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 1

Page Range: 141-156

Description:

Introduction. The Covid pandemic had reat impact on the sharing economy. As esult, food delivery platforms continue to flourish. Today, several challenges recently appeared, and this research explores the ambiguous employment status of food delivery workers in Hungary. They are uncertain as to whether they are employees or independent contractors. Materials and methods. This research provided use of techniques including "word frequency inquiry" and "exploration diagrams," which are supported by the NVivo qualitative research software. Through interviews and participant observation this paper attempts to illuminate how food delivery workers perceive their employment status and the information is gathered directly from them. Results and discussion. This study attempted to determine how Hungarian food delivery workers felt about their status as independent contractors or employees. The data revealed that the majority of food delivery employees work full-time, but arge proportion of them do not view it as ong-term source of income due to concerns about their health and working conditions. Also, despite being referred to as "independent contractors," many of them claimed to be "employees," indicating that they were skeptical and confused about their employment status. Food delivery employees struggle in the sharing economy because they do not receive assistance from organizations such as labor unions. Based on these results, it appears that there is eed for more clarity and norms regarding the classification of individuals in the sharing economy. When it is unclear whether an individual is an independent contractor or an employee, they can be exploited, particularly if they have no other employment options. Also, the incapacity of organizations such as labor unions demonstrates the importance of finding alternative means to defend and support food delivery workers. This study helps us understand the issues that food delivery workers in the sharing economy face, particularly with regard to their employment and the absence of institutional support. The results demonstrate that policymakers must address these issues by implementing the appropriate rules and support systems to safeguard and assist workers in the sharing economy. Conclusions. Our research indicates that the attitudes of the food delivery workers are influenced by the trade-off between the flexibility of working conditions and the lack of employee benefits.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24263/2304-974X-2023-12-1-11

The Realization of a Circular Economy in the Construction Industry and Its Adaptation to EU Standards in Hungary

Adrienn Buruzs K. Kozma

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 535-540

Description:

Transforming the linear economy into a circular one in the construction sector is not an easy task. Such a radical change entails a major transformation of the current production and consumption patterns, which in turn will have a significant impact on the economy, the environment, and society. The European Commission sees great potential in the recycling and reuse of construction and demolition waste (CDW) and has also emphasised the importance of this waste stream in its directives on the circular economy. This paper first presents the concept of CDW and its regulatory characteristics. It then introduces the types and sources of CDW. Third, based on an analysis of the literature, the paper identifies the possible links between the CDW and the circular economy and current trends and practices of recovery, reuse, and recovery. Finally, through the examples presented, it gives an overview of the current situation and trends in Hungary and makes recommendations for future development opportunities for the practitioners to help them adapt to recent changes. The options for doing this are important, but the problems that may hinder this process also need to be examined. In this article, the author seeks to find answers to this question.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107090