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Found 6327 publications

Optimizing Topology of Structures Considering Fatigue-Resistance

Majid Movahedi Rad Muayad Habashneh

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 613-618

Description:

The pursuit of reliable design has become increasingly crucial in various engineering disciplines, aiming to minimize environmental impact and enhance resource efficiency. In this context, this study explores the integration of topology optimization techniques with fatigue analysis to develop reliable designs for structural components. Fatigue failure is a critical concern in engineering applications, as it significantly affects the lifespan and reliability of structures. The proposed methodology combines mathematical optimization algorithms, computational modeling, and fatigue analysis techniques. The primary objective of this study is to minimize structural weight by determining the optimal material arrangement within the design domain while also considering fatigue as a constraint within the optimization problem. The bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method is developed to meet the goal of this research. Furthermore, topology optimization of L-shape and U-plate problems are considered as numerical examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested method. By considering fatigue behavior in topology optimization, engineers can develop lightweight and durable structures that effectively utilize materials while minimizing resource utilization. The integration of these two fields opens up new avenues for reliable design, promoting resource efficiency and contributing to the overall reliability of engineering practices.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107103

Economic empowerment as a result of achieving SDGs with resource access: A comparative research between Gaza Strip and Hungary

Laszlo Vasa Nassar Samia Zsuzsanna Naárné Tóth

Publication Name: Journal of International Studies

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 2

Page Range: 9-33

Description:

Donors, development agencies, and international non-governmental organizations are currently shaping a large part of the development and humanitarian agenda of sustainable developmen, especially regarding the first and second Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to ending poverty and hunger worldwide. Thus, an increasing number of development interventions are aimed at protecting the planet and ensuring prosperity for everyone by strengthening the resilience of vulnerable households and communities. The research implemented a quantitative methodology approach that relied on distributing a survey based on the research variables. Data were collected in both the Gaza Strip and Hungary using google forms over a sample of 700 respondents, however, only 616 respondents filled out the survey. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical tool to research the impact of no poverty and zero hunger on economic empowerment and how resource access mediates this relationship. The research results were reported 9 using descriptive and regression analysis, while mediation analysis was based on the method of Barron and Kenney. Most of the world's poor live in rural regions, and if we want to help them, we need to concentrate on developing agriculture in a modern and sustainable manner to create employment, increase farmers' incomes and consumption, and decrease food costs. Governments need to learn more about their strengths and challenges to aid communities in expanding. While primary agriculture may provide a viable income for those living in different regions, there is always the potential for diversification. Recognizing and capitalizing on other areas' variety or growth might significantly lower poverty levels. There is an urgent need to address the issue of food security, which requires a renewed commitment from governments, farmers, national policymakers, and international donors.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14254/2071-8330.2023/16-2/1

The Legal Status of Independent Regulatory Organs and Their Place in the Hungarian State Administration

János Kálmán

Publication Name: Public Governance Administration and Finances Law Review

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 1

Page Range: 105-119

Description:

Independent regulatory organs as a type of administrative body were included among the central state administrative bodies upon the entry into force of the Fundamental Law of Hungary. The key feature of independent regulatory organs is that they also have the power to legislate within the framework of the regulatory authority’s activity; in other words, they can intervene in the relations of their administered sector through the creation of generally binding rules of conduct, which are enforced through the official activities falling within their scope of duties and powers. The characteristics of the legal status of independent regulatory organs and the components of their independence are therefore of particular importance in the system of public administration. The content and strength of their independence are not identical but are adapted to the professional content and EU and constitutional requirements of the specialised area of administration for which the Fundamental Law authorises the National Assembly to establish these bodies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.53116/pgaflr.6561

Investigating the “Resource Curse” in China: Is it Sufficient to use the Usual Methods?

Eszter Kazinczy Eszter Lukács Norbert Kovács Katalin Völgyi Kamal Hossain Szilárd Bolla Éva Heimné Rácz Jim Hu

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 20

Issue: 10

Page Range: 233-252

Description:

Our article on the study of the “Resource Curse” in Chinese provinces, was written with two objectives. First, by reviewing the international and Chinese literature and analyzing the economic development of the relevant Chinese provinces, we sought to explore whether the resource curse phenomenon exists or can be demonstrated. And second, we want to draw the reader's attention to the fact that Chinese and Asian economies in general have central planning models, the main purpose of which is to define and focus on national economic development priorities. The sub-divisions of the central development plans include development targets for each region, which naturally take into account the economic performance of each province and the factors that determine it. It follows from the latter line of thinking that the economic development of the four Chinese provinces concerned (Gansu, Guizhou, Qinghai and Shanxi) cannot be interpreted in a 'piecemeal' way, based solely on the existence or otherwise of the resource curse phenomenon. In writing this article, we also wish to draw attention to this holistic, comprehensive Chinese (Asian) way of thinking.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.20.10.2023.10.14

The Prospect of Using the Dual Gauge Line for the Ukraine–Hungary Railway Connection

Szabolcs Fischer Mykola Kurhan Dmytro Kurhan

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 51

Issue: 1

Page Range: 70-78

Description:

There are several international transport corridors in Hungary. Záhony railway station is one of the largest hubs in Europe, providing a railway connection between Ukraine and the European Union. Two different railway tracks meet and come together here, such as the standard (1435 mm) and broad (1520 mm) gauges. The availability of a developed infrastructure of the dual gauge on the territory of Hungary presupposes the corresponding development of the railway connection by Ukraine. In order to effectively use the dual gauge line and solve problems of special design, it is necessary to ensure the appropriate train flows. This research aims to provide scientific support for express analysis of the railway routes' competitiveness between Ukraine and the European Union to define the determining factors. The application of such approaches provides a tool for establishing the prospects for the development of existing railway lines, considering their features. Scientific approaches to creating methods for determining the priority areas of railway transport have been further developed. Apart from involving such essential indices as average speed and traffic volumes, the authors added the possibility of considering the presence of lines with such design features as single-track sections, non-electrified, dual gauge, etc., on the route. The theoretical background is applied as a tool for rapid calculations for increasing the competitiveness of the Chop–Záhony dual gauge line.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPtr.20572

Road Safety and Sustainability: A Comparison of Country Rankings

Csaba Koren Ziyad N. Aldoski

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 277-282

Description:

Road traffic deaths are a crucial problem in the world. At the same time, sustainability is a global issue. Numerous publications are dealing with road safety and sustainability separately as a basis for country rankings, but if you are searching for “road safety and sustainability”, no relevant results are found. The research question of this paper is: How is the safety performance of countries with good sustainability ranks? Vice versa: are countries with lower sustainability ranks more dangerous in traffic? To answer these questions, international sustainability and safety ranking scales were compared using Spearman correlation coefficients. The key finding of the paper is that there is a strong correlation between sustainability and the safety ranking of countries. However, there are some exceptions, countries with significantly different sustainability and safety performances.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107047

Terrain Depth Estimation for Improved Inertial Data Prediction in Autonomous Navigation Systems

Áron Ballagi Norbert Marko Tamas Sziranyi

Publication Name: Iavvc 2023 IEEE International Automated Vehicle Validation Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The prediction of terrain elevation values is a key task when it comes to off-road dynamics and inertial data estimation. A reliable elevation map can help in the estimation of future vehicle states and thus extend the response time window for autonomous navigation and control. We trained a deep learning model that is able to successfully predict top-down terrain depth maps in an off-road setting using a lightweight monocular depth estimation network. The labels were generated using a custom preprocessing algorithm to aid single image depth model training. Unlike other elevation estimation algorithms, our work can predict terrain variation from a higher camera setting without the use of a multi-sensor system. The network is also shown to work outside of the training data domain. The code will be available at https://www.github.com/norbertmarko/terrain-depth.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/IAVVC57316.2023.10328139

Sustainability trends in the wine industry: Cognitive biases and methodological insights from a PRISMA review

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Agnes Csiba-Herczeg Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: Ecocycles

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 3

Page Range: 90-102

Description:

Sustainability—the characteristic, property, and goal of every responsible, mature, rational, and environmentally sensitive organization—has gained undeniable and incredible traction in the wine industry over the last few decades, influencing wine-making procedures and packaging. Determined actors inside and outside the industry have identified key environmental concerns, such as energy efficiency or recycling, that support promoting a sustainable industry. To explore how sustainability is implemented in the wine sector, we, the authors of this paper, conducted a systematic literature review methodology. The PRISMA model served as our primary criteria for focusing the literature search and was utilized in its execution. Our study analyses thirty scholarly publications, which are categorized according to three primary themes: (1) Wineries and Sustainability; (2) Wineries and Cognitive Biases; and (3) Wineries and Sustainability and Cognitive Biases. The novelty of the study lies in its use of a systematic literature review (SLR) to investigate the complex interaction between wine, cognitive biases, and sustainability with a combined focus. The findings point to the understudied domain of consumers' cognitive biases regarding alternate wine packaging. Our results show that there is potential for improvement in the wine sector in terms of sustainable packaging and the consumer behavior of accepting or rejecting specific packaging options. These areas are considered worthy of future holistic approach investigation because alternative packaging is critical to making the industry more environmentally friendly. Still, if consumers cannot accept and purchase wine thus packaged, such raises further questions. Our study may be helpful to stakeholders in the wine sector as practitioners increasingly seek to incorporate and promote sustainable practices in their operations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v9i3.376

Rankings: Blind spots in startup ecosystem research

Makai Attila Lajos

Publication Name: Statisztikai Szemle

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 101

Issue: 3

Page Range: 203-231

Description:

The concept of ecosystem is becoming increasingly popular in economic, scientific and policy systems alike, and its use is embedded more and more in everyday practice. It provides a theoretical framework for policy planning documents, business plans and scientific research. This is facilitated by a holistic approach that understands ecosystems not only as resource allocation systems, but also as a complex structure of governance that includes cognitive elements and interactions. In parallel with its rise in popularity, indices and rankings have been developed for measuring and comparing the performance of individual ecosystems, influencing not only the associated discourse but also the decisions of ecosystem actors. Compared to the innovation and the entrepreneurship ecosystem frameworks, the concept of a startup ecosystem is a relatively new category. Related startup ecosystem rankings, emerging in recent years, are meant to provide performance comparability of these ecosystems. These rankings and their underlying variables have not been in the center of academic interest, but the holistic nature of the ecosystem conceptual framework requires a deeper understanding and analysis of the field. As a first step, a structured synthesis of appropriate research questions and future research directions must be ensured. The present paper attempts to do this by describing the specificities of the holistic ecosystem approach and a possible research agenda on startup ecosystem rankings.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.20311/STAT2023.03.HU0203