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Publications - 6374

Mapping municipal debt risks: A spatiotemporal analysis of China's prefecture-level cities

Laszlo Vasa Irum Shahzadi Bing Zeng Dariusz Cichon Irum Shahzadi Ling Wei

Publication Name: International Review of Economics and Finance

Publication Date: 2026-03-01

Volume: 106

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Addressing the risks associated with local government debt is crucial for economic development and fiscal security. This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution of municipal government debt risks using panel data from 271 prefecture-level cities in China from 2015 to 2021, employing Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) and the Spatial Durbin Model. The prime objective of this research is to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of municipal government debt in different regions of China, including the central, western, eastern regions. Key findings include: (1) Local government debt risk exhibits a fluctuating upward trend characterized by significant regional, administrative, and debt-type disparities. (2) Risk levels in central and western regions have increased, while major urban agglomerations have maintained medium or lower risk levels. (3) Local government debt risk demonstrates significant global spatial correlation, with low-low (LL) agglomerations evolving from multi-centered to dual-centered distributions. (4) Notably, a 1 % increase in neighboring debt risk leads to a 0.2467 % rise in local debt risk. (5) Fiscal pressure, urbanization rates, and economic scale are primary drivers of local government debt risk, whereas industrial structure, land transfer income, and financial development serve to mitigate it. These findings underscore the intra-regional and inter-regional heterogeneity and geographical differences, providing valuable insights for managing municipal government debt risk.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.iref.2025.104849

(Imperial Legislation and Emperor’s Self-Defense - Codification Efforts and Tendences in European and Hungarian Criminal Law at the Turn of the 18th and 19th Centuries)

Attila Barna

Publication Name: Journal on European History of Law

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 2

Page Range: 50-58

Description:

The primary protection of the existence of the state, its fundamental institutions, and fundamental values from direct attacks has always been one of the most important tasks of the state. Since these protected institutions and values depend on the historical era and social system, it can be said that the definition of crimes against the state is always determined by the current, valid conception and structure of the state. The strict but often unregulated and outdated requirements for the crimes of treason and insult to the monarch, as well as the broad interpretation and application of procedural rules, which were often interpreted as royal prerogatives, ultimately led to an uncontrollable and arbitrary situation, with extraordinary jurisdictions and harsh punishments for extraordinary crimes. The legislature of the 18th and 19th centuries attempted to create modern rules that incorporated the doctrines of the Enlightenment and natural law, and were expected to precisely regulate political crimes.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Sustainability in Place Marketing

Regina Zs Reicher Anita Kolnhofer-Derecskei Sándor Remsei

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 313-318

Description:

Changing consumer habits and social and economic changes have led most local authorities to rethink their marketing strategies to meet new challenges. However, marketing strategies often encourage over-consumption, so an ill-conceived marketing campaign can be fatal for a local authority. One of these is the cluster of literature dealing with the environment, environmental awareness, the impact of tourism, and the ecological footprint. The focus of this paper is to examine the cluster covering the topic of sustainable development. A prominent element of the SDGs is sustainable cities and communities, on which tourism can have a very significant impact, for instance, through transport emissions. The research examines the relevant indicators of the UN SDG 11 tracker (Our World in Data) and the OECD Better Life Index, systematically comparing the indicators covered by the study. The research results will show the inconsistencies, advantages, and disadvantages of the indicators in terms of sustainability and quality of life, which can help develop local marketing strategies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107053

Automatic ELM detection using gSPRT on the COMPASS tokamak

M. Berta M. Szutyányi M. Hron R. Pánek A. Bencze

Publication Name: Fusion Engineering and Design

Publication Date: 2017-11-01

Volume: 123

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 950-954

Description:

This paper contains the description of the generalized Sequential Probability Ratio Test (gSPRT) method used for automatic ELM detection in different diagnostic signals collected on the COMPASS tokamak. After determination of H-mode region based on Dα signal in a given shot, ELMs are automatically detected in different diagnostic time traces (e.g. magnetic signals and also in Dα signals). The onset time, the maximum location and the peak value, and the duration of each detected ELM is determined. Analyzed diagnostic signals came from different radial positions of the studied plasma volume, thus from arrival times of given ELM into different detectors, the average radial propagation velocity of the ELM event can be also estimated. Comparison of results from gSPRT method with two different, commonly used automatic ELM detection method (threshold technique and correlation based technique) is also reported.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.03.025

Refinement trajectory and determination of eigenstates by a wavelet based adaptive method

János Pipek Szilvia Nagy

Publication Name: Journal of Chemical Physics

Publication Date: 2006-11-13

Volume: 125

Issue: 17

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The detail structure of the wave function is analyzed at various refinement levels using the methods of wavelet analysis. The eigenvalue problem of a model system is solved in granular Hilbert spaces, and the trajectory of the eigenstates is traced in terms of the resolution. An adaptive method is developed for identifying the fine structure localization regions, where further refinement of the wave function is necessary. © 2006 American Institute of Physics.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1063/1.2363368

Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Calicivirus Infections in Cattle

Tamás Tóth Ágnes Bogdán Valantine Ngum Ndze Gianvito Lanave Zsófia Lanszki Barbara Di Martino Francesco Pellegrini Attila Kiss Vito Martella Krisztián Bányai

Publication Name: Animals

Publication Date: 2026-03-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 5

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The family Caliciviridae encompasses a diverse group of non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA viruses that are significant pathogens in veterinary medicine. This narrative review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the clinical, molecular, and epidemiological features of the three calicivirus genera identified in bovine hosts: Norovirus, Nebovirus, and Vesivirus. Bovine noroviruses and neboviruses are neglected enteric pathogens, frequently detected in association with neonatal calf diarrhea and often present in co-infections with other enteric agents. Clinical presentations for these enteric viruses range from severe, watery diarrhea to asymptomatic shedding, with distinct pathogenic profiles observed between norovirus genotypes GIII.1 and GIII.2. In contrast, the genus Vesivirus exhibits a broad host range, and bovine vesivirus strains are phylogenetically linked to vesiviruses identified in pigs and marine animals. Bovine vesivirus infections are associated with a broader spectrum of clinical manifestations, including respiratory disease, vesicular lesions, and abortion. Serological and virological surveys indicate that exposure to these viruses is ubiquitous in cattle populations globally. While direct evidence of human infection by bovine noroviruses and neboviruses remains limited, vesiviruses possess a confirmed capacity for cross-species transmission to humans. Significant knowledge gaps remain, particularly regarding in vitro culture systems, necessitating further research to facilitate vaccine development and clarify transmission dynamics.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/ani16050829

Breakage test of railway ballast materials with new laboratory method

Szabolcs Fischer

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering

Publication Date: 2017-10-24

Volume: 61

Issue: 4

Page Range: 794-802

Description:

This paper summarizes the results of a R&D work in 2014. Five different types of andesite railway ballast material with different LARB (%) (Los Angeles abrasion) as well as MDERB (%) (Micro-Deval abrasion) values were investigated in laboratory with pulsating test which models the real condition much better (the used parameters were determined accordance with international dynamic design method). Grain size distributions related to the five several aggregates were defined before and after pulsating tests. Particle breakages were then calculated by different method publicized in international literature. Relationships were searched between particle breakages due to laboratory test and LARB (%) as well as MDERB (%) values of railway ballast samples. Time interval (cycle) of ballast cleaning work were attempted to compute with help of special parameters used by Hungarian and other railway companies underlined the limits of calculation method. Finally recommendations were formulated related to use of this new laboratory test method for estimation of ballast particle breakage.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPci.8549

Vertical random vibration test spectrum to simulate forklift handling environment

Laszlo Horvath Péter Böröcz Yu Yang Huang

Publication Name: Journal of Testing and Evaluation

Publication Date: 2022-03-01

Volume: 50

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Analyzing and measuring the vibration environment during distribution is fundamental to understanding and simulating the ability of a packaged-product system to avoid any damages from transportation hazards. During distribution, various vehicles, including forklifts, are used to perform shipping and handling tasks such as loading, unloading, and warehouse organizing processes. The aim of this paper was to provide an understanding of the average vibration levels that occur during handling so they can be used in pre-shipment testing. Various forklifts were observed, measured, and analyzed to obtain information about their average vibration levels while performing recommended tests. The measured acceleration-time data were analyzed in terms of power spectral densities (PSD) and presented with statistical data that provided an understanding of the variability of intensity. The PSD peaks were between approximately 2.5 and 5 Hz, and then they decreased to 120 Hz. The number of instances over 120 Hz was extremely low. The final recommended vibration test spectrum was determined to be in the frequency range of 1–120 Hz and the data were smoothed between six breakpoints.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1520/JTE20210293

Toward a Theoretical Framework for Digital Twin Readiness Assessment in Logistics: Conceptualization and Model Development †

László Buics Lahiru Vimukthi Bandara

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 113

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Digital Twins provide comprehensive capabilities to solve critical logistics problems such as visibility, monitoring, optimization, prediction, and simulation. This study explores the existing DT readiness assessment models in SCs and logistics, discovers their limitations, and proposes a conceptual model based on an organization’s internal and external attributes to strategize DT implementation in logistic functions. The results showed that the existing readiness assessment models have weaknesses and drawbacks, motivating the researchers to develop a new logistic DT readiness assessment model. This study identified six main organizational dimensions directly affecting measuring overall logistics’ DT readiness, which are management readiness, personnel readiness, information readiness, organization readiness, product readiness, and process flow readiness. Their relationship is mediated by Technology Integration and moderated by Supply Chain Complexity, which was tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling to show the importance of strategizing DT implementation in logistics.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2025113066