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Publications - 6674
Biocontrol Activity of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Components against Soil-Borne Pathogens
Publication Name: Plants
Publication Date: 2023-02-01
Volume: 12
Issue: 4
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Soil-borne phytopathogens can have detrimental effects on both cereal and horticultural crops resulting in serious losses worldwide. Due to their high efficiency and easy applicability, synthetic pesticides are still the primary choice in modern plant disease control systems, but stringent regulations and increasing environmental concerns make the search for sustainable alternatives more pressing than ever. In addition to the incorporation of botanicals into agricultural practices, the diversification of cropping systems with aromatic and medicinal plants is also an effective tool to control plant diseases through providing nutrients and shaping soil microbial communities. However, these techniques are not universally accepted and may negatively affect soil fertility if their application is not thoroughly controlled. Because the biocontrol potential of aromatic and medicinal plants has been extensively examined over the past decades, the present study aims to overview the recent literature concerning the biopesticide effect of secondary metabolites derived from aromatic and medicinal plants on important soil-borne plant pathogens including bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. Most of the investigated herbs belong to the family of Lamiaceae (e.g., Origanum spp., Salvia spp., Thymus spp., Mentha spp., etc.) and have been associated with potent antimicrobial activity, primarily due to their chemical constituents. The most frequently tested organisms include fungi, such as Rhizoctonia spp., Fusarium spp., and Phytophthora spp., which may be highly persistent in soil. Despite the intense research efforts dedicated to the development of plant-based pesticides, only a few species of aromatic herbs are utilized for the production of commercial formulations due to inconsistent efficiency, lack of field verification, costs, and prolonged authorization requirements. However, recycling the wastes from aromatic and medicinal plant-utilizing industries may offer an economically feasible way to improve soil health and reduce environmental burdens at the same time. Overall, this review provides comprehensive knowledge on the efficiency of aromatic herb-based plant protection techniques, and it also highlights the importance of exploiting the residues generated by aromatic plant-utilizing sectors as part of agro-industrial processes.
Open Access: Yes
Változások az orvosok, védőnők és egészségügyi szakemberek gyermekvédelmi munkájában, ajánlások a további munkához: Tanulmány a Védőnői Szolgálat 110 éves évfordulója alkalmából
Publication Name: Orvosi Hetilap
Publication Date: 2025-08-31
Volume: 166
Issue: 35
Page Range: 1391-1400
Description:
Introduction: From 13 June 1915, when the National Stefania Association was founded, for almost a century, the health visitors, alongside the doctors, were the health-social-child protection carers of children and families with children, the coordinators of this work. Objective: (1) To review the changes in the last decades that have changed the work of doctors, health visitors and health professionals in child protection; (2) to describe their place and responsibilities in the child protection system; (3) to make suggestions based on our professional experience on how they can work more effectively to better represent the interests of children in need. Method: We studied the legislation, professional regulations and literature related to the topic, and we also carried out systematic and analytical work based on our own professional experience. Results: Act III of 1993 on social welfare, Act XXXI of 1997 on child protection, and the creation of the family and child welfare services and centres in 2016, brought radical changes. Health professionals play a key role in the child protection signalling system and work together with other child protection actors. Our own health-child protection DDTT (Detection–Diagnosis–Treatment–Therapy) model and checklist, which have proved successful in our own work, can be used to help health professionals in their health-child protection work. Discussion: The place and responsibilities of doctors, health visitors and health professionals in the child protection system have become clearer. The role of all health professionals is very important in this work. Conclusion: More attention should be focused on cases within their own competence, on primary prevention in the field of health and child protection. Teamwork, traditionally important in the health sector, is also important in the health and child protection field. Also to follow the changes, participation in training courses is recommended. For more effective work, we recommend the use of the DDTT model and checklist, which have been well proven in our own work in health and child protection. Orv Hetil. 2025; 166(35): 1391–1400.
Open Access: Yes
Investigation of Track Gauge and Alignment Parameters of Ballasted Railway Tracks Based on Real Measurements Using Signal Processing Techniques
Publication Name: Infrastructures
Publication Date: 2023-02-01
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This paper deals with the time-frequency characteristic analysis for track geometry irregularities using field data recorded by a comprehensive track inspection train. The parameters of the track gauge and the left and right rail alignment are considered to identify their characteristic wavelengths and the locations of their waveforms. In addition to the conventional time and frequency domain analysis, auto-adaptive signal decomposition techniques are used on four pre-selected track sections. During the time series analysis of the track gauge, the cumulative difference from the mean value is calculated, which makes it possible to distinguish the track section constructed with non-standard initial track gauges. The sensitive wavelengths of the track irregularities are obtained from the proper allocation of wavelength ranges in the Fourier Amplitude Spectrum of the original signal and the Fourier transform of the components detected by the Variational Mode Decomposition. This analysis can elucidate the wavelengths and positions of track irregularities that affect vehicle responses.
Open Access: Yes
Effect of Injection Molding Parameters on the Chemical Foaming of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Using Breathing Mold Technology
Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions
Publication Date: 2023-01-01
Volume: 107
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 247-252
Description:
Manufacturers have to adapt very quickly to the accelerating world and use specialized machines for production to meet the demands. This also means that those machines are not used as often as their mass-producing counterparts and sometimes become obsolete. In the case of foaming with injection molding, a complicated system has to be built around the machine and has to be structured in a specific way, which is not always cost-efficient. In this paper, two methods of chemical foaming of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) were performed on a regular injection molding machine. Chemical Blowing Agent (CBA) and Expandable Microsphere (EMS) were used with breathing mold technology. Injection molding parameters were modified, and specimens were produced for mechanical and morphological examinations. Properly selected parameters for foaming play an important role in retaining the mechanical strength of the product. With low switch-over volume and using the core-back method, it is possible to foam ABS using a Chemical Blowing Agent.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3303/CET23107042
Engineering Elegance at Altitude
Publication Name: Epites Epiteszettudomany
Publication Date: 2025-08-21
Volume: 53
Issue: 3-4
Page Range: 323-346
Description:
Water towers are a characteristic vertical visual element of today’s townscapes and rural landscapes. We encounter them in urban residential areas, industrial zones, but they are also decisive in the silhouette of villages. Their task is most often to ensure the supply of drinking water to the population, but we often encounter water towers belonging to industrial, railway or agricultural plants.In terms of their appearance, most water towers are simple engineering creations, but in some cases, the creators also placed emphasis on the aesthetic design of the structure.Historical water towers have survived from the 19thcentury, they were built using traditional construction techniques, usually with historicizing architecture. A significant part of the memorial material comes from the period between the two world wars, which is the time of the construction of early reinforced concrete structures; the appearance of the buildings is also determined by this structure. In the second half of the 20thcentury, the material of the towers continued to be reinforced concrete, but dynamic, architecturally sophisticated formal solutions were more common.Our study analyses the historical development of water towers, including their structural development, changes in form, and role in the settlement or landscape.
Open Access: Yes
A Localized Version of the Method of Fundamental Solutions in a Multi-level Context
Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering
Publication Date: 2023-01-01
Volume: 67
Issue: 3
Page Range: 716-724
Description:
The Method of Fundamental Solutions is applied to the Laplace equation. Instead of using the traditional approach with external source points and boundary collocation points, the original domain decomposed into a lot of smaller, overlapping subdomains, and the Method of Fundamental Solutions is used to the individual local subdomains. After eliminating the local source points, local schemes are obtained. Instead of constructing a global scheme, the local subproblems are solved sequentially, in an iterative way. This mimics a multiplicative Schwarz method with overlapping subdomains, which assures the convergence of the method. Combining the iteration with a simple Seidel-type method, the resulting iteration is used as a smoothing procedure of a multi-level method. The points belonging to the coarse and fine levels are defined by a quadtree-generated cell system controlled by the boundary of the original domain. The multi-level character of the obtained method makes it possible to reduce the necessary number of iterations, that is, the overall computational cost can be significantly reduced. Moreover, the solution of large and ill-conditioned systems is completely avoided. The method is illustrated through several numerical test examples.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3311/PPci.21535
The utility of the ‘Arable Weeds and Management in Europe’ database: Challenges and opportunities of combining weed survey data at a European scale
Alicia Cirujeda
Michael Glemnitz
Jana Bürger
Guillaume Fried
Jevgenija Ņečajeva
Lena Ulber
Silvia Fogliatto
Michaela Kolářová
Eva Hernández Plaza
Matthias Schumacher
Bärbel Gerowitt
Gyula Pinke
Sandrine Petit
Christoph Redwitz
Helen Metcalfe
Denise Fu Dostatny
José Luis González-Andújar
Francesco Vidotto
Jordi Izquierdo
Publication Name: Weed Research
Publication Date: 2023-02-01
Volume: 63
Issue: 1
Page Range: 1-11
Description:
Over the last 30 years, many studies have surveyed weed vegetation on arable land. The ‘Arable Weeds and Management in Europe’ (AWME) database is a collection of 36 of these surveys and the associated management data. Here, we review the challenges associated with combining disparate datasets and explore some of the opportunities for future research that present themselves thanks to the AWME database. We present three case studies repeating previously published national scale analyses with data from a larger spatial extent. The case studies, originally done in France, Germany and the UK, explore various aspects of weed ecology (community composition, management and environmental effects and within-field distributions) and use a range of statistical techniques (canonical correspondence analysis, redundancy analysis and generalised linear mixed models) to demonstrate the utility and versatility of the AWME database. We demonstrate that (i) the standardisation of abundance data to a common measure, before the analysis of the combined dataset, has little impact on the outcome of the analyses, (ii) the increased extent of environmental or management gradients allows for greater confidence in conclusions and (iii) the main conclusions of analyses done at different spatial scales remain consistent. These case studies demonstrate the utility of a Europe-wide weed survey database, for clarifying or extending results obtained from studies at smaller scales. This Europe-wide data collection offers many more opportunities for analysis that could not be addressed in smaller datasets; including questions about the effects of climate change, macro-ecological and biogeographical issues related to weed diversity as well as the dominance or rarity of specific weeds in Europe.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.1111/wre.12562
SELF-ASSESSMENT OR PEER ASSESSMENT? WHICH IS BETTER PREDICTOR OF TEST RESULTS
Publication Name: Sefi 2023 51st Annual Conference of the European Society for Engineering Education Engineering Education for Sustainability Proceedings
Publication Date: 2023-01-01
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 703-709
Description:
Internationally accredited engineering programmes are becoming increasingly important in the internationalisation agenda of universities. ABET has highlighted transversal skills in its accreditation criteria for engineering degrees. Preferred transferable skills include the ability of students to reflect on their own performance, the ability to give constructive feedback and the ability to make judgements. Students' self- and peer-assessment was examined in the context of a basic mathematics course. During the maths midterm tests, students self-assessed on each task, and assessed another student's test. These assessments were compared with the points given by the teacher. 84% of students overestimated their actual performance and more than 60% of them overestimated their peer's performance, and both overestimations were low. According to students' opinion, peer assessment is as easy as self-assessment, it is not easier for them to spot mistakes in other people's work than in their own. The research results showed significant difference in the accuracy of peer and self-assessment, peer assessment is closer to teacher evaluation than self-assessment. Contrary to our previous research, now we did not find a significant correlation between students' performance and assessment accuracy in the first test. One reason for this may be that these students have failed this subject at least once. As further learning is only possible once we have identified what needs to be learned, the ability to assess the gained knowledge as accurately as possible is appreciating. In addition to meeting accreditation requirements, the different type of assessments' cognitive and affective effects on learning outcomes make it a good choice for classroom use.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.21427/HTNS-KS58
Would really long-only climate-transition strategies in commodities bring lower market risk for sustainable markets in the long run? The Islamic sustainable market versus the global sustainability leaders
Publication Name: Economic Analysis and Policy
Publication Date: 2024-06-01
Volume: 82
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 1271-1295
Description:
By allocating investments towards commodities that align with climate-transition goals, environmentally conscious commodity investment strategies serve to promote and support sustainable markets, channeling capital towards sectors that prioritize environmental sustainability. Through the application of a quantile causality test, which examines the relationship between commodity-based strategies with a climate-transition focus and eco-friendly markets, over the period spanning from May 1, 2013, to May 25, 2023, our findings reveal a bi-directional causality relationship between different themes of sustainable markets and long-only climate-transition strategies in the commodity market across various market conditions. Furthermore, employing a quantile time-frequency connectedness approach allows us to discern that long-only climate-transition strategies in the commodity market exhibit lower long-run total connectedness with responsible and conscious markets compared to the short term. Consequently, these results suggest that transition-oriented strategies for commodities in a climate-conscious world not only mitigate market risk for regenerative markets in the long run but also indicate that different types of global sustainability leaders demonstrate a stronger connectedness with climate-transition strategies in commodities when compared to the Islamic sustainable market across a majority of quantiles and time horizons. In light of these findings, policymakers are urged to prioritize the long-term dimensions of climate-transition strategies in commodity markets by implementing new emission standards and environmental benchmarks. Additionally, the design and implementation of similar long-only climate-transition strategies in other markets would further enhance the long-term effectiveness of climate-conscious markets and foster stronger connections with responsible markets. our study underscores the significance of integrating climate-transition strategies into commodity markets and highlights their role in promoting sustainable and environmentally conscious investment practices. By directing investments towards climate-aligned commodities, policymakers and market participants can contribute to the long-term sustainability of global markets while fostering stronger connections between sustainable markets and climate-transition strategies in commodities.
Open Access: Yes
