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Explicitation; A universal of translated text?

Vilma Papai

Publication Name: Benjamins Translation Library

Publication Date: 2004-01-01

Volume: 48

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 143-164

Description:

This article reports on corpus-based investigation of explicitation generally referred to as one of the universal features of translation. It gives an account of the findings of a twofold analysis carried out on an English-Hungarian parallel corpus and a comparative corpus of translated and non-translated texts in Hungarian. The purpose is to reveal the regularities of both the translation process in terms of explicitation and the translation product in terms of text explicitness. The paper will argue that there is a close connection between explicitation and simplification, another candidate for translation universals.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1075/btl.48.12pap

Human factor aspects of situation awareness in autonomous cars – an overview of psychological approaches

Győző Kurucz Gabor Kovacs Ágnes Hőgye-Nagy

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 7

Page Range: 7-24

Description:

The aim of the article is to give an overview of human factor research in psychology applicable to autonomous driving. The study is centered around situation awareness, a widely used concept in human factor research regarding the operation of automated and semi-automated systems (and communication between autonomous vehicles and humans). A proposal is put forward for structuring situation awareness requirements for autonomous driving, which could be a starting point for defining such requirements, and may foster a discussion on the issues associated with the human factor in relation to autonomous driving. Two models of human error (the SHELL model and the Swiss cheese model) are also introduced, one of which represents an integrated approach of error in situations that involve humans working with complex machinery or instruments, while the other represents a more superficial viewpoint on the multicausal nature of errors. The present overview can provide an appropriate basis for a discussion about the role of the driver in autonomous vehicles, and the place of human factor research in the emerging field of self-driving technology.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.18.7.2021.7.1

Comparison of supply chain management (SCM) adoption at small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): A review from Hungary and Indonesia

Santi Setyaningsih Peter Kelle

Publication Name: Journal of International Studies

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 3

Page Range: 26-42

Description:

Large enterprises recognized first the importance of Supply Chain Management (SCM) strategy to achieve competitive advantage and process efficiency. Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) have specific challenges in adaptation. The authors conjectured that geographical and supply chain differences have a major effect on the adaptation level of SCM strategy and methods, especially for SMEs. To investigate it, this paper compares two countries, Hungary, and Indonesia. The research focus is on SMEs, based on a cross-sectional survey of 274 Hungarian and 110 Indonesian enterprises with informants mainly related to top management. The data indicated that in Indonesia, with a larger, more complex geographical structure and more advanced SCM capabilities, the SMEs have a higher implementation level of SCM strategy in their organization strategy compared to Hungary. However, the sample indicates that the tendencies are similar in both countries interpreting the inter-enterprise value chain and in utilizing SCM methods for cooperation with other parties, mostly using Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) and Just in Time (JIT).

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14254/2071-8330.20211/14-3/2

Business Culture and Behavioral Characteristics

No authors available

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 19

Issue: 7

Page Range: 69-86

Description:

The main goal of our research, and thus, of our present study, was to explore some problems and issues of business behavior and etiquette in Slovakia and Hungary. The international comparative research program launched by Fam and Richards was our starting point, in which we examined these two countries. We found that due to the cultural differences in the dimensions of the Hofstede model, differences can be detected in business ethics and etiquette in the business life of Hungary and Slovakia, which can be supported by statistical methods. At the same time, our results also showed that almost a half-century since Hofstede research has not passed without a trace in the Central European Region. The transition from socialism to a market economy involved border openings. At the same time, it facilitated the convergence of the business culture of Slovakia and Hungary, changing the relative position of these two countries on the Hofstede scale. We drew attention to the fact that it would be worth repeating Hofstede's research to record socio-economic changes, in the case of intensely transforming societies and countries.

Open Access: No

DOI: DOI not available

Induced and field mechanical effects on the hatchability of broiler breeder hatching eggs

K. G. Kovácsné T. Torma

Publication Name: European Poultry Science

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 88

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Egg transport and rough egg handling can have numerous negative effects on hatchability. The authors monitored mechanical effects under field conditions by acceleration sensors and then simulated the same scale effects using a modelling machine to verify the effects on hatchability. To measure and record mechanical effects-instantaneous acceleration (m/s2), three-dimensional HOBO® Pendant® G Data Logger were used. The RSS, RSM values calculated from the data from the accelerometer can serve as a point of reference for practitioners to see the mechanical effect level which results in significant negative impact on the hatchability results. It was also revealed that the measurement of the recorded values in the different directions and the minimum and maximum values are important too. Using the HOBO® Pendant® G Data Logger and detailed logging (the exact location of the logger at the time of the technological steps at a given time) can reveal the location of the maximum impact. By analysing RMS x, y, z, the type of impact can be determined. By combining these two pieces of two information, the technological failure can be clearly revealed and corrected. The measurement process described by the authors provides practical advice for hatching egg producers. Moreover, attention is drawn to the short-term damage effect on hatchability, since the 5-minute treatment at 20 Hz, prior incubation significantly reduced the hatchability (P < 0.05), which was achieved at the level of 10.02 RSS m/s2 and 12.3 m/s2 maximum value in the direction of x-axis. It is important for hatching egg producers to be aware that the damage to the mechanical effect is not only visible (broken, cracked eggshell), but can also negatively affect hatchability and thus the profitability of the sector. Furthermore, the typical “spider web” crack on the eggshell clearly refers to the mechanical impact caused by vibration.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1399/eps.2024.397

Construction 4.0 organisational level challenges and solutions

Ilona Papp Roland Zsolt Szabó Orsolya Nagy

Publication Name: Sustainability Switzerland

Publication Date: 2021-11-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 21

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The construction industry (CI) is ancient and has evolved along with humanity, yet it has become increasingly inefficient due to fragmentation, the use of traditional solutions and the lack of innovative technologies and methodologies which are no longer sustainable. The Fourth Industrial Revolution has started to transform this industry, and Construction 4.0 (C4) can advocate this change to become a more efficient cyber-physical ecosystem. However, technology alone will not solve all challenges. While research on C4 focuses mainly on technology, management also plays a key role. We asked experienced company executives for their opinions on the digital transformation in the CI. Research proves that it is not just a technology but primarily a management and strategic challenge.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/su132112321

Non-Square Inverse Function Jacobians in Controlled Multibody Systems: Numerical and Application Examples

Ambrus Zelei

Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 59

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 112-120

Description:

When control algorithms of robots are constructed, the joint coordinates and the coordinates describing the dynamics might be different and the transformation between them might be necessary in both directions. The back-and-forth transformations are related to the inverse function theorem, which is well understood for single and multivariable continuous functions: the conditions are described under which the inverse function exist, furthermore the method is provided to calculate the Jacobian of the inverse function. A generalization of the theorem is necessary, when there are fewer dependent variables than independent ones, and furthermore there are constraint equations for the independent variables. It is exactly the case for model-based inverse dynamics control of multibody systems, when the dynamic model is given in terms of a redundant coordinate set, but the controller is formulated for minimum set coordinates. The widely used so-called natural coordinates are a typical redundant set. Minimum-coordinates come in the picture when the control is formulated for the joint coordinates. Clearly, when the natural coordinates are transformed to joint coordinates, there is information loss. The inverse transformation is however still possible, since there are constraint equations for the redundant set. This paper demonstrates a method for the transformation from minimum to redundant coordinates and vice versa with the help of the generalized inverse of the non-square constraint Jacobian and the projection matrices related to the constrained and admissible subspace of the redundant set. An illustrative numerical example and a robotic application demonstrate the theory. The results are relevant in the model-based control of complex-structure parallel kinematic chain robots.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/ATDE240534

Anti-inflammatory activity of melampyrum barbatum and isolation of iridoid and flavonoid compounds

Anita Sztojkov-Ivanov Gergely Király Edit Wéber Gyula Pinke Laura Fási Judit Hohmann Róbert Gáspár Erzsébet Háznagy-Radnai

Publication Name: Natural Product Communications

Publication Date: 2018-03-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 3

Page Range: 235-236

Description:

Melampyrum barbatum Waldst. & Kit. Ex Willd. (Scrophulariaceae) has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatic complaints and different skin diseases. In the course of our study the anti-inflammatory activity of the aerial parts of M. Barbatum was evaluated. A MeOH extract was prepared and consecutively partitioned with CHCl3, EtOAc and n-BuOH. The fractions were assayed in in vivo carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema model. The intraperitoneally administered n-BuOH phase exerted marked inhibitory effect (33.6 %, p < 0.01). Multistep chromatographic separation afforded mussaenoside and aucubine from n-BuOH fraction. Moreover, 8-epiloganin, loganic acid and mussaenoside were obtained from EtOAc fraction and apigenin, luteolin, benzoic acid and galactitol from CHCl3 fraction. These data validate the ethnomedicinal use of M. Barbatum for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and reveal that iridoids and flavonoids could be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of this species.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300301

Characterization of serratia species and qualitative detection of serratia marcescens in raw and pasteurized milk by an analytical method based on polymerase chain reaction

E. Korcz Z. Kerényi László Varga

Publication Name: Elelmiszervizsgalati Kozlemenyek

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 67

Issue: 2

Page Range: 3453-3464

Description:

Serratia species are opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms primarily known as nosocomial infectious agents, which can also cause food quality problems. The appearance of the extracellular pigment-producing Serratia marcescens in cow’s milk causes its red discoloration, posing a challenge to the dairy industry and food certification laboratories. The detection of the bacterium by conventional procedures based on microbiological methods is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and in many cases does not lead to satisfactory results due to the competitive inhibitory effect of the accompanying microflora. Following the analysis of the relevant literature, the published endpoint PCR methods and the primers used for the detection of S. marcescens were evaluated in in silico and in vitro assays, and then the procedure was tested on farm milk samples. Using the method, a total of 60 raw and pasteurized milk samples were analyzed, more than half of which (i.e., 32) were identified as S. marcescens positive. The significance of our work is mainly represented by the application of the published test methods in food industry practice. Our results highlight to the importance of detecting this bacterial species.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.52091/EVIK-2021/2-4-ENG