Search in Publications

Found 6374 publications

Central European Comparative Study of Traffic Safety on Roundabouts

Mariusz Kieć Attila Borsos Jiří Ambros Roman Ondrejka Erzsébet Hóz Štefan MacHciník Jan Novák

Publication Name: Transportation Research Procedia

Publication Date: 2016-01-01

Volume: 14

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 4200-4208

Description:

Roundabout is a popular and safe type of road intersection, which has become widely used around the world, including Central European countries. To conduct statistical comparative study of traffic safety on roundabouts, accident prediction models (safety performance functions) have to be developed. With this aim accident, traffic and geometry data for samples of rural roundabouts in four Central European countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia) were collected and used in statistical modelling, using state-of-the-art generalized linear modelling framework. Both individual and combined models were developed, which enabled insight into relationships between explanatory variables and accidents, as well as comparison with models from international studies. In the end study limitations are summarized and further improvements outlined.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.391

Physical activity and screen time among hungarian high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic caused distance education period

Ferenc Ihász Robert Podstawski Johanna Takács Imre Soós Tamás Gyömörei Zsolt Bálint Katona László Kerner Zoltán Alföldi

Publication Name: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Publication Date: 2021-12-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 24

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background: High school education took place in the form of distance learning during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worldwide, including Hungary. Decreased physical activity and an increase in inactive behaviours may lead to an increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Aim: Our study targeted changes in physical activity (aerobic exercise, muscle strengthening) and screen time in adolescents and young adults during the pandemic. Methods: High school students were interviewed in 66 public schools in 37 Hungarian cities (N = 2508). Survey items on physical activity and screen time were derived from the WHO Health Behaviour of School-aged Children Survey and the Centers for Disease Control Youth Risk Behavior Survey. A 2 × 2 factorial ANCOVA was used to test the effects of gender (male vs. female) and/or age (adolescents vs. young adults) on the reported changes in physical activity and screen time before and during lockdown (covariate: BMI Z-score). Results: The majority of the cohort indicated less physical activity. Aerobic and muscle-strengthening type of exercises significantly decreased, and screen time increased during distance education. Male individuals showed a higher decrease in the level of aerobic exercise, and young adults reported a higher increase in the time spent in front of the screen.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413024

Marine Ecosystems in Peril: The Impact of the Recent War on Gaza’s Coastal and Marine Life

Yehia El-Temsah Abdo Hassoun Abderahman Rejeb Ammar Hdaifeh Nour Awad Ali Jebreen Nour Alhaj Abdullah Khaled Babaadoune

Publication Name: Sustainable Development Goals Series

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Part F472

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 189-202

Description:

This chapter explores the severe impacts of the recent war (October 2023–January 2025) on Gaza’s coastal and marine ecosystems, with a focus on threats to marine biodiversity, environmental health, and the livelihoods that rely on these ecosystems, while addressing the challenges to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG 14). It examines the environmental effects on coastal communities, including habitat destruction, biodiversity loss, pollution from debris, oil spills, chemical contaminants, and the degradation of water quality. The socioeconomic repercussions are equally significant, encompassing increased poverty, loss of income, soaring unemployment, and worsening food insecurity. The discussion extends to the implications for SDG 14, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive environmental monitoring, targeted restoration initiatives, and strengthened international support to rehabilitate Gaza’s marine ecosystems. The chapter underscores the importance of peacebuilding, sustainable management practices, and global cooperation in safeguarding these critical ecosystems and ensuring their resilience in the face of war. This analysis is grounded in both grey literature and peer-reviewed publications, offering a robust foundation for understanding the multifaceted challenges and proposing actionable solutions to support long-term recovery and sustainability.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-88500-6_12

U.S. Path to Industry 4.0: Reassessing Supply Chain Digitalization and AI for Industrial Sustainability

Mohammad Fakhrul Islam Md Faisal-E-Alam Md Emon Ahmed Nur Mohammad Ali Clapher Ankur Gomes

Publication Name: Sustainable Development

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Currently, the United States (U.S.) has issues with declining industrial values and supply chain digitalization, which threaten the country's industrialization and Industry 4.0 transformation. The country needs to reverse this trend through effective policy implementation. However, the literature's understanding of effective policies' long-run associations with the industrial value added (INV) of the country remains limited. Thus, this research investigates the long-term cointegrated relationships of several variables, such as artificial intelligence innovation (AIP), trade openness (TOP), supply chain digitalization (SCD), foreign direct investment (FDI), and GDP growth (GDPG), with INV based on the national level data from 1990 to 2023. The autoregressive distributed lag findings suggest that TOP, SCD, and GDPG have significant positive associations with INV in the long run, indicating that the significance of trade openness, supply chain digitalization, and economic growth is associated with the positive performance of industrial values within the country. However, both AIP and FDI exhibit significant negative associations with INV, indicating transitional and adjustment cost pressure of AI innovations and crowding out effects of domestic investments associated with FDI. That particular research suggests that all the variables would play individual effects and interact with one another as an Industry 4.0 transformation system to facilitate the improvement of industrial values in the country over long-run dynamics. Together, these findings can help federal policymakers empirically tailor long-term strategies to turn decreasing industrial value-adding performance into an upward trend and transform into Industry 4.0 by ensuring positive combined associations from technology-driven strategies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/sd.71220

Model-Free Control of Finger Dynamics in Prosthetic Hand Myoelectric-based Control Systems

Claudiu Radu Pozna Emil M. PETRIU Radu Emil Precup Teodor Adrian TEBAN Adriana ALBU Raul Cristian ROMAN

Publication Name: Studies in Informatics and Control

Publication Date: 2020-01-01

Volume: 29

Issue: 4

Page Range: 399-410

Description:

This paper proposes an approach to the tuning of model-free controllers for the midcarpal joint angles, which are important finger angles that ensure the desired finger dynamics in prosthetic hand myoelectric-based control systems. The process in these control systems is characterized by fuzzy models that operate with myoelectric signals obtained from eight myoelectric sensors and past inputs and/or outputs, where the controlled outputs are five finger angles. Since the fuzzy models exhibit very good performance as shown in authors’ recent papers that produced evolving fuzzy models, they are used to simulate the process behaviour. The Multi Input-Multi Output (MIMO) control system structure consists of five separate Single Input-Single Output control loops with the most simple model-free controllers represented by intelligent Proportional (iP) controllers, separately designed and tuned for each finger. Digital simulation results are included to suggestively illustrate the very good performance of the control systems with iP controllers. The MIMO control system performance is compared with that of the same system but with Proportional-Integral controllers, which are optimally tuned in a model-based manner by a metaheuristic Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm. The fair comparison is ensured by the optimal tuning of the free parameters of iP controllers in a model-based manner using GWO.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24846/V29I4Y202002

Finite Element Simulation Based Analysis of Valve-sparing Aortic Root Surgery

Tamás Umenhoffer Balázs Benyó Péter Somogyi Katalin Kovács Róbert Nagy Bernhard Laufer Anikó Kubovje Ákos Szlávecz Tamás Szerafin

Publication Name: IFAC Papersonline

Publication Date: 2020-01-01

Volume: 53

Issue: 2

Page Range: 16037-16042

Description:

The valve-sparing aortic root surgery is frequently used in the treatment of aortic root enlargement or aortic root aneurysm. The currently used common surgical practice assumes that the valve leaflets are distributed evenly around the circle defined by the aorta wall which is frequently a false assumption according to hart anatomy studies. A finite element simulation based method is proposed in this study for the analysis of the alternative surgical outcomes of the valve-sparing aortic root surgery. The simulation methods allow the definition of the aortic valve leaflet commissure positions and the diameter of the graft used to replace the aortic root. The suggested methods are able to estimate and quantitatively compare the hemodynamic functions and the robustness of the aortic valve functions. The corresponding modeling environment makes possible the easy definition of the patient specific aortic root model that is used as an input of the simulation. The initial validation of the simulation method was done by a real patient data based simulation study. These results suggest that the currently used surgical practice can be improved.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.409

How Blockchain Technology Can Benefit Marketing: Six Pending Research Areas

Horst Treiblmaier John G. Keogh Abderahman Rejeb

Publication Name: Frontiers in Blockchain

Publication Date: 2020-01-01

Volume: 3

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The proliferation of sophisticated e-commerce platforms coupled with mobile applications has ignited growth in business-to-consumer (B2C) commerce, reshaped organizational structures, and revamped value creation processes. Simultaneously, new technologies have altered the dynamics of brand marketing, enabling a broader reach and more personalized targeting aimed at increasing brand trust and enhancing customer loyalty. Today, the Internet allows marketers to penetrate deeper into their existing markets, create new online marketplaces and to generate new demand. This dynamic market engagement uses new technologies to target consumers more effectively. In this conceptual paper, we discuss how blockchain technology can potentially impact a firm's marketing activities. More specifically, we illustrate how blockchain technology acts as incremental innovation, empowering the consumer-centric paradigm. Moreover, blockchain technology fosters disintermediation, aids in combatting click fraud, reinforces trust and transparency, enables enhanced privacy protection, empowers security, and enables creative loyalty programs. We present six propositions that will guide future blockchain-related research in the area of marketing.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3389/fbloc.2020.00003

Shattered Foundations: How the War on Gaza Has Undermined Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure

Najla Trabelsi Zuhaib Bhat Abdo Hassoun Samer Abuzerr Abderahman Rejeb Toufik Ouatmani Mohammed Nijim

Publication Name: Sustainable Development Goals Series

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Part F472

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 231-246

Description:

This chapter explores the devastating impact of repeated Israeli hostilities on Gaza, especially the recent war; October 2023–January 2025, on industry, innovation, and infrastructure in this region, focusing on the significant setbacks to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG 9). This brutal war has led to widespread destruction of critical infrastructure, including power plants, health facilities, and communication networks, crippling industrial activities and halting technological advancements. The destruction of manufacturing facilities and the scarcity of essential resources have severely limited production capabilities, leading to massive job losses and economic decline. Furthermore, the war has severely hindered the development of new technologies and innovations by destroying educational institutions and research centers, while restrictions on the import of technological equipment and resources have further exacerbated these challenges, limiting access to tools necessary for advancement and growth. Through detailed analysis of reports and scientific publications, this chapter highlights the urgent need for international intervention and support to rebuild industry and infrastructure in Gaza. This comprehensive examination of the impact of the war on Gaza industry, innovation, and critical infrastructure offers valuable insights into the broader challenges of achieving SDG 9 in conflict-affected regions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-88500-6_15

Can social enterprises aid sustainable development? Evidence from multi-stage investigations

Laszlo Vasa Isha Garg Sanchita Bansal

Publication Name: Plos One

Publication Date: 2023-02-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 2 February

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background Social enterprises must balance between profitability and sustainability. The impetus on sustainability grew further after the adaption of the SDG agenda by the United Nations (UN). Objective This paper examines the role of social enterprises in helping attain sustainable development goals in India. Research design This multi-stage paper comprises three studies directed at scale development, scale refinement, pre-testing, and construct validity. The scale development stage is conducted through a combination of extensive literature review and focused group discussions. Expert discussions and item-reduction techniques have been used in the second stage aimed at scale refinement and pre-testing. The third stage of testing construct validity is carried out through Partial Least Square–Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Results The findings suggest that all the competencies of social enterprises identified in the study i.e. social mission, collaborative networks, innovation, financial viability and level of scalability significantly impact sustainable development. Conclusion Because the goals of social enterprises and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are mutually reinforcing and complementary, the study suggests that social enterprises have a lot of potential for achieving the SDGs. The study also suggests future research directions and policy implications that can be replicated in other countries.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281273