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Found 6374 publications

Validation of the overall stability design methods (OSDM) for tapered members

No authors available

Publication Name: Stability and Ductility of Steel Structures - Proceedings of the International Colloquia on Stability and Ductility of Steel Structures, 2019

Publication Date: 2019-01-01

Volume:

Issue:

Page Range: 1111-1119

Description:

Two new stability design methods are demonstrated and validated: the Overall Strength Reduction Method (OSRM) and the Overall Imperfection Method (OIM). Both methods are based on the linear buckling analysis (LBA) of global structural models and use the standard reduction curves. The OSRM is formulated in the classic way using generalized slenderness and reduction factors while the OIM uses equivalent amplitude for the buckling mode based geometrical imperfection. These new design methods cover all types of buckling modes, which can be calculated by LBA of structural models composed of tapered members with arbitrary support conditions and subjected to any complex loading. This paper clarifies the mechanical interpretation and proper calculation of all the components of the two methods in case of tapered members with arbitrary support conditions. The validation is performed on GMNIA results for several different buckling situations of tapered members proving the accuracy of the OSDM.

Open Access: No

DOI: DOI not available

Identifying Driver Behaviours Contributing to Road Safety Among Different Modes at Road Junctions, Peri-Urban Areas, Thailand

Pawinee Iamtrakul Emese Makó Sararad Chayphong

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 589-594

Description:

The mismatch between land use and road layout has led to high traffic volumes in unsafe conditions in periurban areas. This is also the case in Pathumthai Province, which was selected as a study area, as one of the areas surrounding Bangkok, the megacity of Thailand. For this study, an attempt was made to focus on 4 points of road junctions of multi-lane highways and to observe their longitudinal differences with their speeds. The results showed that traffic volume has a major impact on accident risk, especially at higher traffic volumes and in mixed-traffic situations. The risk is increased by the presence of commercial vehicles mixed with smaller vehicles (e.g. motorcycles), which require sufficient distance between following vehicles. The novelty of this paper is identifying driver behaviours through the use of prototype CCTV technology and distinguishing the role that types of drivers' vehicles play in mitigating risks in different travel patterns, considering the safety aspects of highway design and land use.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107099

Inverse Perspective Mapping Correction for Aiding Camera-Based Autonomous Driving Tasks †

Péter Korös Miklos Unger Norbert Marko

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Inverse perspective mapping (IPM) is a crucial technique in camera-based autonomous driving, transforming the perspective view captured by the camera into a bird’s-eye view. This can be beneficial for accurate environmental perception, path planning, obstacle detection, and navigation. IPM faces challenges such as distortion and inaccuracies due to varying road inclinations and intrinsic camera properties. Herein, we revealed inaccuracies inherent in our current IPM approach so proper correction techniques can be applied later. We aimed to explore correction possibilities to enhance the accuracy of IPM and examine other methods that could be used as a benchmark or even a replacement, such as stereo vision and deep learning-based monocular depth estimation methods. With this work, we aimed to provide an analysis and direction for working with IPM.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079067

Emerging macroscopic pretreatment

Ching Lik Hii Henry Jaeger Francisco J. Barba Julia Schmidt A. J. Kovács N. N. Misra Hiroshi Yoshida Patrick J. Cullen

Publication Name: Food Waste Recovery Processing Technologies Industrial Techniques and Applications

Publication Date: 2020-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 173-193

Description:

Macroscopic pretreatment of food waste aims at the preparation of the food matrix for subsequent processing and recovery steps. The preparatory steps involve the adjustment of the phase content and properties (water, solid, and fats content), the moderation of enzyme activity as well as prevention and control of any microbial growth In recent times, several emerging technologies have been researched, developed, and/or adapted from other fields for drying, sterilization, enzyme inactivation, and enhancing mass transfer in food and biomaterials. This chapter focuses on these upcoming technologies with potential applications to food waste recovery and includes foam-mat drying, electro-osmotic drying, radio-frequency drying, cold plasma technology, and high-pressure processing. The content lays emphasis on discussing the successful applications and identification of future prospects, from both a technology and an economic point of view.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-820563-1.00016-0

Water Droplet Collison and Erosion on High-Speed Spinning Wheels

Ibolya Zsoldos Richárd Takács Dániel Szentendrei

Publication Name: SAE International Journal of Engines

Publication Date: 2024-04-04

Volume: 17

Issue: 5

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The water droplet erosion (WDE) on high-speed rotating wheels appears in several engineering fields such as wind turbines, stationary steam turbines, fuel cell turbines, and turbochargers. The main reasons for this phenomenon are the high relative velocity difference between the colliding particles and the rotor, as well as the presence of inadequate material structure and surface parameters. One of the latest challenges in this area is the compressor wheels used in turbochargers, which has a speed up to 300,000 rpm and have typically been made of aluminum alloy for decades, to achieve the lowest possible rotor inertia. However, while in the past this component was only encountered with filtered air, nowadays, due to developments in compliance with tightening emission standards, various fluids also collide with the spinning blades, which can cause mechanical damage. One such fluid is the condensed water in the low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation channel (LP-EGR) formulated at cold starts and low-speed high load conditions. This kind of design has been developed to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions and is used in both gasoline and diesel engines. This article presents a state-of-the-art review of this WDE process, focusing on the formation of the condensed water before the compressor wheel, summarizing the influencing factors of WDE and the effects of the damage including using component testbench experiences and simulation methodologies. Inspection possibilities such as high-speed camera measurement and vibration analysis are also an important part of the document.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.4271/03-17-05-0037

Corporate governance and sustainability: examining boardroom gender diversity

Wardah Bindabel Vishal Dagar Deepika Krishnan Amar Rao

Publication Name: Management Decision

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-42

Description:

Purpose – This study examines the influence of female directors on corporate environmental performance among the top 250 firms by revenue across 31 countries during 2013–2023. The objective is to assess whether gender diversity in boards enhances environmental outcomes in both developed and developing economies. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis employs panel data estimation methods with board-level characteristics (meetings, attendance and board size) and firm-level financial controls (revenue per share, assets per share, operating cash flow, common equity and price-to-book ratio). Environmental performance is captured through greenhouse gas emissions, validated with Scope 1 and 2 emission measures. Findings – Results indicate a statistically significant negative relationship between female directors and emissions, particularly in developing countries. The evidence highlights that achieving a critical mass of three or more female directors strengthens the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Research limitations/implications – The findings are based on large firms across multiple countries and may not capture the dynamics of smaller or privately held companies. Future studies could integrate cultural and institutional variables to further explain cross-country differences. Practical implications – The results emphasize the role of gender-diverse boards in advancing corporate environmental strategies, suggesting that policies encouraging female board participation may also drive sustainability goals. Social implications – The study reinforces that gender diversity is not only a social imperative but also a mechanism to address environmental challenges, linking inclusivity with sustainability. Originality/value – This research contributes by demonstrating the environmental value of board gender diversity through multi-country evidence and by identifying the significance of critical mass in enhancing environmental outcomes.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1108/MD-10-2025-3051

Rattling detection of electric components

Zoltán Gazdagh J. A. Erdelyi A. Bartus B. Fukker

Publication Name: Proceedings of ISMA 2024 International Conference on Noise and Vibration Engineering and Usd 2024 International Conference on Uncertainty in Structural Dynamics

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 2799-2813

Description:

The study emphasizes the importance of detecting and addressing the issue of nonlinear phenomena in electronic components, due to their potential implications for structural integrity, damage or malfunction to sensitive electronic elements, and a reduction in overall vehicle reliability. This investigation based on time-domain experimental data facilitates rattling detection that aims to distinguish rattling from other type of nonlinearities. The sample is screwed on a fixture, which is mounted on an electrodynamic shaker that serves as the excitation source. The excitation signal is a closed loop sinusoidal sweep, measured in both directions and at different amplitudes. The paper will focus on several methods for identifying nonlinear phenomena, such as the Poincare map or Hilbert transformation. Phase plots are produced, that serve as a valuable tool for studying anomalies, which can be correlated to the extremes of Lyapunov exponents. The above methods are evaluated on their ability to separate rattling form other phenomena to identify genuine instances of rattling.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Comparative Analysis of Ascaris suum and Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus Infections in Free-Ranging and Captive Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in Hungary

Alexandra Juhász Csaba Farkas Balázs Fekete Egri Borisi

Publication Name: Animals

Publication Date: 2024-03-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 6

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Ascaris suum and Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus cause a large loss of yield in farm animals as well as in free-living and captive wild boar herds, thereby causing economic damage. This study compared A. suum and M. hirudinaceus infections in free-ranging and captive wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Hungary. The authors measured the A. suum and M. hirudinaceus infections of a 248-hectare wild boar garden and an 11,893-hectare free-living wild boar herd in the sample area. In all cases, samples were collected from shot wild boars. In total, 216 wild boars were examined from June 2015 to June 2023 in Hungary. Of the 173 dissected wild boars from the wild, 57 (32.9%) were infected with A. suum, while 30 (69.8%) of the 43 individuals from the captive area were infected. The prevalence of M. hirudinaceus in the free-living area population was 9.25% (16 wild boars), while that of the captive population was 34.89% (15 wild boars). In the case of the examined helminths, the captive herd was 36.9% more infected than the herd living in the open area.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/ani14060932

A systematic design of integrated palm-oil biorefinery networks: Identifying sustainable solutions

Nuttha Thongchul Amornchai Arpornwichanop Ghochapon Mongkhonsiri Suttichai Assabumrungrat Rafiqul Gani Jay H. Lee

Publication Name: Sustainable Production and Consumption

Publication Date: 2023-11-01

Volume: 42

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 138-157

Description:

This paper presents a comprehensive and systematic analysis of synthesis and design of sustainable palm oil integrated biorefinery networks involving multiple platforms of bioresources for sharing materials, energy, and facilities to obtain a more sustainable solution. There are three main processing platforms consisting of palm oil, palm biomass, and biogas from palm oil mill effluent (POME-biogas). The alternatives are generated from a superstructure of each platform representing different products that can be made and their established processing routes. Utilizations of glycerol, bio-syngas, and CO2, which are by-products of the palm oil, palm biomass, and POME-biogas platforms, respectively, are also considered as three other platforms. Different scenarios of materials, energy, and facility integration among the platforms are analyzed by considering economic benefits together with CO2 emissions, as well as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), which includes climate change impact and other environmental impact categories. Analyses of the design of the palm oil integrated biorefinery network with multiple process networks and heat integration point to the achievement of more sustainable solutions for production and consumption compared to the scenario of business as usual (BAU). The sustainable palm oil integrated biorefinery network corresponds to economic improvement and CO2 reduction potential as well as satisfying environmental impacts. The analysis results show that the palm oil integrated biorefinery network alternatives can provide high economic potential and less environmental impacts compared to without any integration. The best non-tradeoff solution proposes the integration of palm biomass and POME-biogas platforms for bio-methanol production and the integration of palm oil platform with glycerol production to produce 1,2-propanediol as an additional product. It offers 23.5 million dollars per year of economic value-added benefit with 2.9 years of payback period while also reducing the environmental impacts. Wind power and river water are selected to maximize profitability options for electricity and freshwater supplies, respectively.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2023.09.015