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Found 6374 publications

Optimal Shape Design of Concrete Sleepers under Lateral Loading Using DEM

Majid Movahedi Rad Jafar Chalabii Seyedsaber Hosseini

Publication Name: Buildings

Publication Date: 2023-07-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 7

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Despite the significant contribution of sleepers to the lateral resistance of ballasted tracks, limited research has focused on improving the shape of sleepers in this aspect. This study aims to evaluate proposed sleeper shapes based on the B70 form, utilizing a linear optimization algorithm. First, a DEM model was verified for this purpose using the outcomes of the experiments. Then, using this model, the effect of the weight of the B70 sleeper was carried out on lateral resistance. Next, suggested shapes contacted with ballast materials were applied to lateral force while maintaining the mechanical ballast’s properties until a displacement of 3.5 mm was achieved. The current study’s results showed that the rate of lateral resistance increasing becomes lower for weights higher than 400 kg. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the sleeper’s weight will not always increase lateral resistance. The findings also indicated that although some proposal shapes had higher lateral resistance in comparison to other forms, these designs are not practical from an economic standpoint. Furthermore, despite the lower weight of some other suggested shapes in comparison with B70, the lateral resistances are 31.2% greater. As a result, it is possible to recommend employing a proposed sleeper rather than a B70 sleeper.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/buildings13071574

Gamification in for-profit organisations: A mapping study

Katalin Czakó László Szendrői Krishna S. Dhir

Publication Name: Business Theory and Practice

Publication Date: 2020-06-25

Volume: 21

Issue: 2

Page Range: 598-612

Description:

This study reviews prevailing trends in “for-profit” business-related gamification. It examines the current literature, focusing on gamification elements, industries and variables that is of interest to researchers in different business environments. A systematic mapping approach was applied to this study. Articles were selected from different databases in a two-step screening process, subject to sets of inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 25 articles were further for: (1) represented industries, (2) orientation of the gamified system, (3) types of implementation, (4) gamification elements analysed, (5) impact on companies, and (6) company variables analysed. Results confirmed that the number of empirical studies on gamification in for-profit organisations is growing. Researchers have placed greater emphasis on analysing customer-related gamification environments than on employee-oriented gamification. This finding is consistent with the prevailing trend of increasing demand from practitioners to gamify customer-related processes. This is likely due to the potential for higher positive impact on the performance of companies. Most frequently deployed gamification elements are badges, rewards, and leader boards. The literature suggests that over all, gamification has a positive effect on various company variables, such as motivation, engagement of employees, brand loyalty, and customer experience. This paper highlights the particular areas of business-related gamification that have already been examined and possible future directions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3846/btp.2020.11864

Data-driven terminal voltage prediction of li-ion batteries under dynamic loads

Adrienn Dineva Szabolcs Kocsis Szurke Istvan Vajda

Publication Name: 2020 21st International Symposium on Electrical Apparatus and Technologies Siela 2020 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2020-06-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Extensive investigation and prediction of the effects of dynamic battery loading is key to on-board Battery Management Systems (BMS) of Electric Vehicles (EVs) in order to ensure reliable operation and efficient energy management. In this paper, measurements of WLTP discharge tests at different temperatures are conducted on a Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (LiNiMnCoO2) cell. Terminal voltage, discharge rate and temperatures at four points are taken into consideration. After, historical measurement data is used to build ensemble of boosted tree models and then predict cell voltage outcome sequence into the future. The efficiency of the performance is compared in case of various measurement sets. The results support the efficiency and applicability of direct multi-step-ahead forecasting strategy with standard Machine Learning techniques in battery SoC prediction.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/SIELA49118.2020.9167039

Determining an optimal subdivision of gene transfer partitions

János Botzheim Peter Foldesi Márk Farkas Laszlo T. Koczy

Publication Name: Proceedings of the 9th Wseas International Conference on Applied Computer and Applied Computational Science Acacos 10

Publication Date: 2010-12-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 202-207

Description:

Bacterial memetic algorithms are widely used on discrete combinatorial problems, which are essential in the field of logistics and forwarding, such as the well known Traveling Salesman Problem. The original Bacterial Evolutionary Algorithm proposed by Nawa and Furuhashi [5] has a predefined set of operators such as bacterial mutation and gene transfer also known as infection. The traditional bacterial infection operator is proven to be far from optimal. The authors suggest an alternative gene transfer operator that is applied on the metric Traveling Salesman Problem [9]. This alternative infection algorithm has superior rate of convergence while reducing the risk of getting stuck in a local optima.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Key Aspects on the Biology, Ecology and Impacts of Johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers] and the Role of Glyphosate and Non-Chemical Alternative Practices for the Management of This Weed in Europe

Ilias S. Travlos Gerasimos Peteinatos Panagiotis J. Kanatas Goran Malidza Gabor Kukorelli Jose M. Montull Nikolina Cheimona Stavros Zannopoulos Nikolaos Antonopoulos M. N. Dogan

Publication Name: Agronomy

Publication Date: 2019-11-05

Volume: 9

Issue: 11

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers is a common and noxious worldwide weed of increasing distribution in many European countries. In the present review, information on the biology, ecology, agricultural, economic and environmental impact of johnsongrass is given, and the current status of this weed in Europe is discussed. Furthermore, special attention is given to the important role of field trials using glyphosate to control weeds in arable and perennial crops in many European countries. Some of the factors which affect control efficacy and should be taken into account are also discussed. Finally, several non-chemical alternative methods (cultural, mechanical, thermal, biological, etc.) for johnsongrass management are also presented. The adoption of integrated weed management (IWM) techniques such as glyphosate use, crop rotation, and deep tillage is strongly recommended to control plant species that originate from both seed and rhizomes.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9110717

Improving Transferability of Physical Adversarial Attacks on Object Detectors Through Multi-Model Optimization

Viktor Remeli Adonisz Dimitriu Tamas V. Michaletzky

Publication Name: Applied Sciences Switzerland

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 23

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Physical adversarial attacks face significant challenges in achieving transferability across different object detection models, especially in real-world conditions. This is primarily due to variations in model architectures, training data, and detection strategies, which can make adversarial examples highly model-specific. This study introduces a multi-model adversarial training approach to improve the transferability of adversarial textures across diverse detection models, including one-stage, two-stage, and transformer-based architectures. Using the Truck Adversarial Camouflage Optimization (TACO) framework and a novel combination of YOLOv8n, YOLOv5m, and YOLOv3 models for optimization, our approach achieves an AP@0.5 detection score of 0.0972—over 50% lower than textures trained on single models alone. This result highlights the importance of multi-model training in enhancing attack effectiveness across object detectors, contributing to improved adversarial effectiveness.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/app142311423

Levélszekrény

Judit Baranyiné Kóczy Büky László Forgács Tamás Eőry Vilma Bódi Zoltán Balogh Judit

Publication Name: Magyar Nyelv

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: 2

Page Range: 254-255

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.18349/MAGYARNYELV.2018.2.254

Conventional and nonconventional extraction techniques for optimal extraction processes of rosmarinic acid from six Lamiaceae plants as determined by HPLC-DAD measurement

E. Lakatos V. Kapcsándi Beatrix Sik Zsolt Ajtony

Publication Name: Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

Publication Date: 2020-05-30

Volume: 184

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The goal of this study was to improve the extraction efficiency of rosmarinic acid (RA) from Lamiaceae herbs (lemon balm, peppermint, oregano, rosemary, sage, and thyme) using various extraction techniques (maceration with stirring, MACS; heat reflux, HRE; and microwave-assisted extraction, MAE) and extraction conditions (solvent acidity, solvent type, extraction time and temperature). The RA content was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) under test conditions. Our results showed that extraction with acidified aqueous ethanol (EtOH-H2O-HCl, 70:29:1, v/v/v) was the best choice for the recovery of RA compared to other solvent systems. Further study suggested the following optimal extraction times for the different techniques: 120 min at 25 °C with MACS, 15 min at boiling point with HRE, and 5 min at 50 °C and 80 °C with MAE. Based on our results, we demonstrated that by careful adjustment of the extraction conditions, it is possible to set up a single extraction protocol to extract RA from different plants.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113173

Population Genetic Features of Calving Interval of Holstein-Friesian Cows Bred in Hungary

Szabolcs Bene J. Péter Polgár László Bognár Zsolt J. Kőrösi Ferenc Szabó

Publication Name: Animals

Publication Date: 2024-09-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 17

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Calving interval (CI) data (N = 37,263) from 17,319 cows born 2008–2018 in six herds were assessed. The data were made available by the National Association of Hungarian Holstein Friesian Breeders in Hungary. The effects of some genetic and environmental factors, population genetic parameters, breeding value (BV) of sires, and phenotypic and genetic trends of the CI were estimated. The GLM method was used for studying different effects on the CI. BLUP animal model was used for heritability (h2) and BV estimation. Linear regression analyses were applied for the trend calculation. The mean of the CI was 412.2 ± 2.0 days. The h2 of the CI proved to be low (0.07 ± 0.01 and 0.08 ± 0.01). There were relatively high differences among the sires in the estimated BV. Based on the phenotypic trend calculation, the CI of cows showed decreasing direction by an average of 1.80 days per year (R2 = 0.94; p < 0.01). In the case of genetic trend calculation, the average BV of sires in the CI has decreased −4.94 and −0.31 days per year (R2 = 0.91 and 0.41; p < 0.01).

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/ani14172513