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Found 6374 publications

Experimental Investigation of the Soil-Water Characteristic Curves (SWCC) of Expansive Soil: Effects of Sand Content, Initial Saturation, and Initial Dry Unit Weight

Safwan Abdullah Ammar N. Alnmr Jihad Ibraheem Mounzer Omran Alzawi R. P. Ray

Publication Name: Water Switzerland

Publication Date: 2024-03-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 5

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) is an essential parameter in unsaturated soil mechanics, and it plays a significant role in geotechnical engineering to enhance theoretical analysis and numerical calculations. This study investigated the effects of key factors, such as the percentage of sand, initial degree of saturation, and initial dry unit weight, on the SWCC of expansive soil by measuring the matric suction using a pressure apparatus method. The empirical equation of SWCC was obtained using the Van Genuchten and Fredlung Xing models, and the processing of experimental data checks the fitting of the two empirical models. The findings revealed that the Fredlung Xing model fit the relationship between matric suction and volumetric water content of expansive soil better than the Van Genuchten model, indicating that the pressure apparatus approach’s experimental data are correct and acceptable. The study also found that the matric suction increased with decreasing percentage of added sand at the same volumetric moisture content, and the increase in initial dry unit weight increased the matric suction, with the water retention capacity decreasing significantly after adding 20% sand. Moreover, as the initial degree of saturation increased, the volumetric water content decreased, and the characteristic curves became identical when the initial saturation degree reached 90%. Finally, to minimize the water retention capacity of expansive soils, the study recommended adding a percentage of sand not less than 30% to the expansive clay sample.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/w16050627

Development of a reduced fat and lactose-free dairy spread containing viable lactic acid bacteria – part 1: Technology of manufacture

Gábor Kátay László Varga

Publication Name: Elelmiszervizsgalati Kozlemenyek

Publication Date: 2019-01-01

Volume: 65

Issue: 2

Page Range: 2470-2485

Description:

The popularity of buttercream, considered to be a reduced energy, cheaper version of butter with a better function of use, has been constant in Hungary for three and a half decades. Our objective was to develop a new type of functional buttercream manufacturing technology. In order to achieve this, the pressure value resulting in parameters ensuring the adequate texture and good adsorption of the finished product during the one-stage homogenization of 30% fat cream was determined, as well as to what extent the viscosity of cream and its ease of handling are affected by ho-mogenization. It has been found that the criteria for the homogenization effect can be achieved by single homogenization of a 30% fat cream containing a milk protein con-centrate serving as the raw material for the new type of butter product on a single-stage homogenization machine at 65 °C and 15 MPa (150 bar). Due to the increased viscosity of the cream treated this way, the use of a tubular or scraped-surface heat exchanger is recommended. Our reduced fat, lactose-free buttercream with live cul-ture can be manufactured safely with the technology developed, and with the enzyme and starter cultures used, the lactose content of the product will be less than 0.1%.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Tutorial for the Strength Design of Embedded Rack Railway Structures

Szabolcs Fischer Zoltán Major Attila Németh Dániel Harrach Vivien Jóvér Gusztáv Baranyai

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 23

Issue: 1

Page Range: 109-124

Description:

Rack railways have made it possible to run trains in steep and mountainous areas, by offering better traction and stability. This paper takes a closer look at the design challenges and practical solutions involved in upgrading these systems – especially when moving from traditional fish-plated jointed tracks to continuously welded rails in embedded track configurations. The authors focused on the forces acting on the rack, how thermal expansion is handled and what happens where tracks meet bridges. Using analytical methods and Finite Element Analysis (FEM), this work examines how different loads and temperatures affect the rack’s performance, especially in tight curves and high-gradient areas. The findings highlight the importance of flexible support structures, strong anchorage, and the use of durable rail profiles like TN70. The study also underscores how small design tweaks – like adjusting geometry or material properties – can go a long way in boosting both performance and lifespan. Overall, this work contributes to building safer, longer-lasting rack railway systems, that are easier to maintain over time.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.23.1.2026.1.7

Deformation Test of 3D Printed Battery Case Using DIC Technology

Szabolcs Fischer Szabolcs Szalai Brigitta Fruzsina Szívós

Publication Name: International Conference on Electrical Computer Communications and Mechatronics Engineering Iceccme 2023

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The study demonstrates the evaluation of various 3D-printed 18650 battery housings. The GOM Aramis measurement system performs real-time deformation analysis of the housings during testing. Using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) technology and various polylactic acid (PLA) materials, battery housings are 3D printed using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). Additionally, different layout designs will be investigated. The research's primary objective is to evaluate the suitability of the measuring system and the printing technology. In addition, the paper describes the raw materials used, preparation techniques, measuring system, and measurement outcomes.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/ICECCME57830.2023.10253004

Leadership in family-friendly organizations: how policies shape managerial decisions

Anna Pátkai Bende Barbara Eszter Huszár

Publication Name: Journal of Management Development

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-15

Description:

Purpose – This study aims to examine how leadership roles and symbolic capital influence the adoption, perception and sustainability of family-friendly workplace policies. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological concepts – particularly symbolic capital, social space and habitus – combined with behavioral economic insights, the research investigates how organizational hierarchy shapes leaders’ strategic framing and employees’ interpretations of family-friendly initiatives. Design/methodology/approach – The study employs a quantitative survey conducted in Hungary among 201 certified family-friendly organizations. The data were disaggregated by organizational roles (senior managers, middle managers and employees) and analyzed using descriptive statistics, cross-tabulations, ANOVA and chi-square tests. The theoretical framework integrates Bourdieu’s field theory and behavioral decision-making constraints. Findings – Results reveal that senior leaders are significantly more likely to perceive family-friendly policies as strategic priorities and associate them with core organizational values. Their symbolic capital reinforces policy legitimacy and cultural alignment. However, middle managers report practical challenges related to implementation and resource constraints. A structural gap persists between top-level symbolic commitment and operational realities. The study also highlights how leadership credibility and internal coherence are central to policy sustainability. Originality/value – This research offers a novel interdisciplinary contribution by bridging sociological and behavioral economic theories to explore symbolic and cognitive dimensions of leadership. It addresses a critical gap in the literature by focusing on the internal dynamics – hierarchical positioning, symbolic legitimacy and implementation constraints – that influence family-friendly workplace transformations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1108/JMD-07-2025-0389

Cultural variance in the metaphorical extension of body part names

Judit Baranyiné Kóczy

Publication Name: Magyar Nyelv

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 117

Issue: 3

Page Range: 257-277

Description:

The study examines the cultural embedding of the conceptualization of the human body in a cultural-cognitive linguistic framework. Body parts, organs, body fluids serve as the bases for many metaphorical expressions, which are rooted in physiological experience on the one hand and culturally and historically embedded on the other. The cultural conceptualization of the body can thus be understood as a process at the intersection of physiological experience, cognition, culture, and language. The questions of the study are as follows: (1) What is the role of culture in the figurative (metaphoric or metonymical) use of names of body parts? (2) Which conceptual domains are dominantly utilized in the metaphoric expressions? The paper provides an overview of the main directions of the metaphorical extension of names of body parts through examples from Hungarian and results of research conducted in several other languages. These directions include the domains of EMOTIONS, COGNITION, INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS, CULTURAL VALUES, and issues of spatial representation and grammaticalization.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.18349/MagyarNyelv.2021.3.257

Systemic Relationships Between Regional Sustainability and Waste Management

Adrienn Buruzs

Publication Name: Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 427

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 15-23

Description:

An assessment of local needs and conditions is essential to support an efficient waste management system, which can be used to select the components and waste management options that best meet these circumstances and their resource requirements. Each of these activities requires careful planning, but the model of sustainable municipal waste management offers a comprehensive interdisciplinary framework. The aim of the research is to develop and present a methodology as an environmental engineering problem that can be applied in practice to evaluate the sustainability of regional municipal waste management systems. As a result of the research, an integrated and interdisciplinary approach will be developed that can be effectively applied at regional level and give an accurate picture of the actual evolution of the role and impact of the waste management planning process and its implementation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-37959-8_2

Can people recognize more than six road categories?

Gabriella Kosztolányi-Iván Csaba Koren Attila Borsos

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2019-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 6

Page Range: 207-222

Description:

The importance of human factors, in road design and traffic safety, has been increasing recently. As part of the human-centered design, schemata, as mental representations, induce road user expectations, as well as, trigger behavioral patterns. In road design this concept is called “self-explaining roads”, meaning that road users automatically drive according to an expected behavior and speed. This requires different categories of roads, each with homogenous characteristics and a notable difference between them. This paper investigates how many unique categories road users are able to recognize.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.16.6.2019.6.13

The most important city development initiatives of Hungary

János Rechnitzer Bálint Filep Judit Berkes

Publication Name: Regional Statistics

Publication Date: 2019-01-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 2

Page Range: 20-44

Description:

Recently, Hungary's urban development issues have been gaining increasing attention, while directions and institutional frameworks of regional politics are in a constant change. In this context, the study discusses the contents and connotations that can be linked to the territorial concept of major Hungarian cities; it also examines the changes in the position of these cities in the urban system. Major cities have a key role in territorial development as they facilitate spatial processes, and hence it is crucial to identify the weight and directions these centres with complex functions represent in development concepts. The formation or even restructuring of spatial processes require time. Since the democratic transition in 1989-1990, different development directions were assigned to major cities in short cycles. Cities have failed to adapt to these ever-changing objectives. The first part of this study presents the layers of the concept of major cities and characterize such categories as regional centre, city, county seat, and city with county rights. The second part tries to locate these centres, exploring changes in their developmental emphases, and also identifies pathways in the frequently changing territorial politics of the posttransition period.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.15196/RS090204