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Found 6374 publications

Recent Changes in Hungarian Criminal Legislation to Address Irregular Migration

Róbert Bartkó

Publication Name: Iza Journal of Development and Migration

Publication Date: 2024-03-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 1

Page Range: 31-41

Description:

The last two decades have seen a dramatic increase in international migration, with Europe experiencing a significant influx of individuals from developing countries, especially the Near-East. This phenomenon has led to a spike in irregular migration into the European Union, reaching peak levels in the past four years, profoundly affecting both the EU and its individual member states. Hungary, facing a considerable influx of migrants in 2015, took a decisive political step by adopting specific criminal measures aimed at mitigating this irregular migration. This move resulted in notable modifications to the Hungarian legal framework, especially concerning criminal law and procedures. The Hungarian Criminal Code was expanded to include three novel offenses: the destruction of the border fence, illegal crossing of the border fence, and interference with the construction of the border fence. Furthermore, the general part of the Criminal Code underwent revisions to thoroughly address the issue of irregular migration. This study seeks to explore the adjustments made to Hungarian criminal law in response to irregular migration, focusing on the introduction of new legal definitions and examining criminal statistics from 2015 to 2017. It is important to note that the analysis is based solely on official criminal data from 2015 to 2017, as figures for 2018 were not available at the time due to ongoing consolidation by the Unified Hungarian Criminal Statistics of Investigation Authorities and Prosecution.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.62693/415ebh62

Identification of Engine Damages of Vintage Vehicles with Tribological Examination

Rajmund Kuti Cs Papp

Publication Name: Fme Transactions

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 49

Issue: 3

Page Range: 608-614

Description:

Nowadays, keeping vintage vehicles in operation is becoming more and more popular, however, the reparation of occurring engine malfunctions, and the supply of particulate engine parts mean severe expenses to the owners. In case of older engines, the failure detection is not performed with the help of computerized diagnostics. In several cases the detection of failure is only possible with the disassembly of the engine. A cost-effective solution may be the application of tribological examinations, with which, the malfunctions may be revealed without the needless disassembly of the engine. The purpose of our research is to represent through the tribological examination of a VAZ-2101 (also known as Lada) engine type the practical application of the method, data analysis, evaluation of results and the steps of failure detection.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5937/fme2103608P

Direct local economic impact of Budapest Liszt Ferenc International Airport

Dusek Tamás Lukovics Miklós Koppány Krisztián Bohl Patrick Poreisz Veronika

Publication Name: Teruleti Statisztika

Publication Date: 2017-01-01

Volume: 57

Issue: 1

Page Range: 76-93

Description:

Airports play a dominant role in today's longdistance transport and they also represent significant nodes of the modern globalised economy. By estimating direct and indirect impacts on employment and income, their importance can be characterized in quantifiable terms. This study aims to estimate the direct economic impacts of Budapest Liszt Ferenc Airport as a complex economic entity involving a number of companies that are legally separate but complementary to one another and operate in the Airport's area - after outlining the general issues related to the impact assessment of airports. The study addressed two years, 2009 and 2014, which made it possible to compare the circumstances before and after the termination of Malév.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.15196/TS570104

A regularized Method of Fundamental Solutions without desingularization

Csaba Gáspár

Publication Name: CMES Computer Modeling in Engineering and Sciences

Publication Date: 2013-07-30

Volume: 92

Issue: 1

Page Range: 103-121

Description:

Some regularized versions of the Method of Fundamental Solutions are investigated. The problem of singularity of the applied method is circumvented in various ways using truncated or modified fundamental solutions, or higher order fundamental solutions which are continuous at the origin. For pure Dirichlet problems, these techniques seem to be applicable without special additional tools. In the presence of Neumann boundary condition, however, they need some desingularization techniques to eliminate the appearing strong singularity. Using fundamental solutions concentrated to lines instead of points, the desingularization can be omitted. The method is illustrated via numerical examples. Copyright © 2013 Tech Science Press.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Circular Economy Aspects of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Reluctance Machine Design for Electric Vehicle Applications: A Review

Mihaly Katona Tamas Orosz

Publication Name: Energies

Publication Date: 2024-03-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 6

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Innovative technological solutions have become increasingly critical in addressing the transportation sector’s environmental impact. Passenger vehicles present an opportunity to introduce novel drivetrain solutions that can quickly penetrate the electric vehicle market due to their shorter development time and lifetime compared to commercial vehicles. As environmental policy pressure increases and customers demand more sustainable products, shifting from a linear business approach to a circular economy model is in prospect. The new generation of economically competitive machines must be designed with a restorative intention, considering future reuse, refurbishment, remanufacture, and recycling possibilities. This review investigates the market penetration possibilities of permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance machines for mini and small-segment electric vehicles, considering the urban environment and sustainability aspects of the circular economy model. When making changes to the materials used in an electric machine, it is crucial to evaluate their potential impact on efficiency while keeping the environmental impact of those materials in mind. The indirect ecological effect of the vehicle’s use phase may outweigh the reduction in manufacturing and recycling at its end-of-life. Therefore, thoroughly analysing the materials used in the design process is necessary to ensure maximum efficiency while minimising the environmental impact.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/en17061408

Aflatoxin M1 detection in raw milk and drinking milk in Hungary by ELISA − A one-year survey

Attila Hucker Róbert Kocsis G. Szafner Solveig Bukovics Judit Süle A. J. Kovács Katalin Szabó Henrietta Buzás Sárvári Loretta Csilla Katalin Nagy-Kovács

Publication Name: Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

Publication Date: 2023-08-01

Volume: 121

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The aim of this study was to monitor the aflatoxin M1(AFM1) contamination in raw milk and drinking milk in Hungary over a one-year period. A total of 474 milk samples of raw milk (n = 278) and commercial milk (n = 196) were collected and analysed between September 2021 and November 2022. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) determined the concentration of AFM1. It was found that 68.7% (191/278) of the raw cow milk samples were contaminated by AFM1 in the range 5.0–173 ng/L, the mean of the positive samples was 30.7 ± 24.7 ng/L, and the median was 21.8 ng/L. The percentage of contamination in drinking milk was 79.1% (155/196). The mean, median, and range of the positive samples were 18.0 ± 10.9 ng/L, 16.18 ng/L, and 5.3–100 ng/L, respectively. Overall, 9.4% (26/278) of raw milk samples and only 1 commercial milk sample of 196 (0.5%) contained AFM1 exceeding the maximum residue level (MRL) of 50 ng/L set by the European Union. Our study suggests that based on calculated AFM1-related health risk indicators, the Hungarian adult population are not exposed to high levels of AFM1, but regular monitoring of aflatoxins is necessary not only for dairy farmers but also for the milk processing sectors.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105368

The effect of the matrix condition number on the estimate of core barrel motion

M. Berta G. Pór

Publication Name: Progress in Nuclear Energy

Publication Date: 1999-01-01

Volume: 34

Issue: 1

Page Range: 1-11

Description:

It is shown, that the matrix condition number plays determining role in the error of estimation of core barrel motion when using the well known spectral decomposition methods. Matrix condition numbers were estimated for different type of reactors and detector arrangements. It is shown that in unfortunate case the statistical error of estimate can reach hundreds of the original statistical error. It is suggested to eliminate one of the freedom of the system, before making spectral decomposition, which can drastically improve the accuracy of the decomposition. © 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/s0149-1970(97)00110-8

Exploring the Spatial Distribution and Location Choice of Companies in a Hungarian Agglomeration

Petra Kecskés Anikó Tompos Patrícia Horváth

Publication Name: Studia Regionalne I Lokalne

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 2024

Issue: 2

Page Range: 7-20

Description:

Globalisation has led to the dominance and geographical expansion of urban areas. Companies consider a com-plex set of criteria when deciding on their locations, including the agglomeration area and the presence of similar companies or related businesses. This study examines the spatial distribution and industrial clustering of companies within the agglomeration of Győr, Hungary’s sixth-largest city. The sample comprises 256 companies across 68 settlements, with data processed through map, quadrat and industry analysis. The analyses identified six settlements within the agglomeration where nearly half of the companies are located, five factors that seem to facilitate company location, and five main industrial sectors, four of which are closely related. The article concludes that the agglomeration area of Győr is characterised by a high degree of spatial concentration of companies, industrial clustering and the emergence of industry sub-centres.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.7366/1509499529601

Resonant flyback converter

Z. Puklus

Publication Name: IECON Proceedings Industrial Electronics Conference

Publication Date: 1998-01-01

Volume: 2

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1066-1071

Description:

The paper discusses a new converter circuit, the symmetrical resonant flyback converter. The fundamental mathematical analysis is presented, together with simulation results. The switches in the converter operate with ZCS (zero current switching) at turn on and with ZVS (zero voltage switching) at turn off. The second part of the paper gives the mathematical model of the resonant flyback converter discussed, as well as the fundamentals of closed-loop control.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available