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Publications - 6374

Particle Number Concentration and SEM-EDX Analyses of an Auxiliary Heating Device in Operation with Different Fossil and Renewable Fuel

Ibolya Zsoldos György Szabados Péter Nagy I. Szabó

Publication Name: Inventions

Publication Date: 2024-02-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Pollution from road vehicles enters the air environment from many sources. One such source could be if the vehicle is equipped with an auxiliary heater. They can be classified according to whether they work with diesel or gasoline and whether they heat water or air. The subject of our research series is an additional heating system that heats the air, the original fuel is gasoline. This device has been built up in a modern engine test bench, where the environmental parameters can be controlled. The length of the test cycle was chosen to be 30 min. The tested fuels were E10, E30, E100 and B7. A 30-min operating period has been chosen in the NORMAL operating mode of the device as a test cycle. The focus of the tests was particle number concentration and soot composition. The results of the particle number concentration showed that renewable fuel content significantly reduces the number concentration of the emitted particles (9.56 × 108 #/cycle for E10 vs. 1.65 × 108 #/cycle for E100), while B7 causes a significantly higher number of emissions than E10 (3.92 × 1010 #/cycle for B7). Based on the elemental analysis, most deposits are elemental carbon, but non-organic compounds are also present. Carbon (92.18 m/m% for E10), oxygen (6.34 m/m% for E10), fluorine (0.64 m/m% for E10), and zinc (0.56 m/m% for E10) have been found in the largest quantity of deposits taken form the combustion chamber.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/inventions9010013

The effects of the differences between the austrian and the hungarian regulation of the rights of citizenship in a commune (Heimatrecht, indigénat, pertinenza, illetőség) on the nationality of the successor states of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy

Mónika Ganczer

Publication Name: Journal on European History of Law

Publication Date: 2017-01-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 2

Page Range: 100-107

Description:

The rights of citizenship in a commune were characteristically used in Central Europe as a basis of the regulation of nationality of persons affected by state succession, and the peace treaties concluded after the First World War by the successor states of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy notably included this criterion. Although the rights of citizenship in a commune seemed more serviceable criterion during at the peace conference than habitual residence in these states, the different domestic regulations concerning Austrian and Hungarian territories and their interpretations by other states caused numerous problems and resulted in statelessness en masse. The aim of the present paper is to analyse the features and the differences of acquisition and loss of Austrian and Hungarian rights of citizenship in a commune, and to reveal their practical and interpterational problems. This study identifies the problems related to the nationality of persons affected by state succession after the First World War. These problems may also serve as an important lesson for the present, as the criteria that define persons concerned by the change of nationality in modern cases of state succession need to be selected carefully.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

A holistic approach to Sustainable Development Goal 8: Integrating economic growth, employment, and sustainability

Prema Nedungadi Raghu Raman Deepak Kumar Behera Sangeetha Gunasekar Sougata Ray Dávid Lóránt Dénes

Publication Name: Equilibrium Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

Publication Date: 2025-03-30

Volume: 20

Issue: 1

Page Range: 147-202

Description:

Research background:The realization of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8 hinges on the sustained growth of both the economy and the global employment outlook. In order to ensure progress in fostering inclusive and equitable growth and employment opportunities, it is essential to undertake a comprehensive analysis of the SDG findings across all relevant subtargets. Purpose of the article: This study provides an in-depth analysis of the research surrounding SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), emphasizing its pivotal role in sustainable development. Methods: Utilizing the PRISMA framework and BERTopic method, it explores the intricate interconnections between SDG 8 and other goals, such as reducing inequalities (SDG 10), clean energy (SDG 7), climate action (SDG 13), poverty alleviation (SDG 1), and innovation and infrastructure (SDG 9). Findings & value added: The findings emphasize the importance of subtarget 8.1 (sustained per capita growth) and subtarget 8.5 (full employment and decent work for all). Additionally, the study underscores the need for policies supporting resource efficiency and sustainable consumption (subtarget 8.4), while green innovation and the digital economy are strongly linked to subtarget 8.2 (enhanced productivity through technological upgrading). Ensuring that economic growth is inclusive and equitable, as outlined in subtarget 8.3, is crucial for reducing inequalities. Policymakers must balance economic growth with environmental sustainability, promoting decent work conditions (subtarget 8.8) and adopting green technologies. These findings offer valuable insights for advancing SDG 8, ensuring that economic progress benefits all segments of society while safeguarding natural resources and fostering long-term prosperity.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24136/eq.3342

Dynamic Vehicle Dashboard Design for Reduced Driver Distraction

Viktor Nagy Ágoston Pál Sándor

Publication Name: Mechanisms and Machine Science

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 174 MMS

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 645-654

Description:

In the context of contemporary vehicle dashboard systems, advanced In-Vehicle Information Systems (IVIS) often employ touchscreen functionalities, and multi-layered menu structures. However, these solutions have been identified as more distracting for drivers compared to traditional tactile switches and buttons with single, dedicated functions. Our primary focus is on exploring the design capabilities of dynamic vehicle center console interfaces, leading to the inception of the Dynamic Human-Computer Interface System (DHCIS). DHCIS employs a context-aware, adaptive functional framework structure, which, rather than relying on deep menu layers, enhances the safety level in varied traffic situations by simplifying controls to one-touch features. The design concept has been compared with a generic user interface in terms of the handling method, operational steps and layout design.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-80512-7_63

Fuzzy rule based systems as tools towards solving the "key problem of engineering"

Ĺaszĺo T. Ḱoczy

Publication Name: Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing

Publication Date: 2013-01-01

Volume: 298

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 311-323

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-35641-4_46

Use of Hybrid Flame Retardants in Chemically Foamed rPET Blends

András Kovács V. A. Szabó Sándor K. Jakab Tamara Zsuzsanna Böcz Gabor Dogossy

Publication Name: Crystals

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The foamed structure of recycled polyethylene-terephthalate (rPET) is a promising solution for industrial applications; however, the remedy for its inherent melt-dripping property is still a challenging topic. In our research, we were able to improve the flame retardancy of the endothermic–exothermic hybrid rPET foam by adding a different mixture of flame retardants to the formula. Three different kinds of halogen-free flame retardant agents were used: ammonium polyphosphate-based Exolit AP 422 (AP), organic aluminum phosphate in the form of Exolit OP 1240 (OP), and Budit 342 containing melamine polyphosphate (MPP). The hybrid flame retardant mixture, by combining the swelling and charring mechanism, increased the flame retardancy of the samples. The sample made with 15 phr OP and 5 phr MPP displayed outstanding performance, where five samples were capable of self-extinguishing in 5 s, while only slightly decreasing the tensile and flexural strength properties and simultaneously increasing the Young and flexural modulus compared to the reference sample. The addition of MPP reduced the porosity in many cases, while preventing cell coalescence. Our results prove that the hybrid flame retardant agent frameworks efficiently increase the flame retardancy of rPET foams, facilitating their application in industrial sectors such as the aerospace, packaging, renewable energy, and automotive industries to realize sustainability goals. The utilization of halogen-free flame retardants is beneficial for better air quality, reducing toxic gas and smoke emissions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/cryst15010080

The Labour Movement, Marxism, Northern Leftists, Feminist Socialism and Student Rebels in Nigeria, 1963-78

Adam Mayer Baba Aye

Publication Name: Revolutionary Movements in Africa an Untold Story

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 96-120

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

EXAMINING THE VISIBILITY OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON THE WEBSITES OF HUNGARIAN STATE UNIVERSITIES

Adrienn Reisinger Zsolt Dános

Publication Name: Deturope

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 3

Page Range: 58-72

Description:

The paper investigates university social responsibility at Hungarian universities by examining their websites. Although the concept of university social responsibility has existed for nearly 20 years, the scope of its research and theoretical literature still falls far short of that of corporate social responsibility. There is extant literature on the topic including case studies from around the world showing the importance of university social responsibility. Nevertheless, the scope of thematic analysis of the topic is very narrow with only a few pieces of comprehensive systematic research published so far, and the theoretical literature only highlights the work of some major researchers. Due to the complexity of the topic, the amount of previous literature attempting to explore the effects of university social responsibility is also limited. The aim of this paper is to investigate how terms relating to social responsibility appear on the websites of Hungarian universities. In autumn 2019 research was carried out involving twenty-one universities. The paper analyses how social responsibility is visible on university websites based on given keywords. The research employed quantitative content analysis. The hypothesis was that based on visibility the same university categories can be formed according to the size and profile of the institutions. According to the authors’ present knowledge no such research has been carried out in Hungary so far. There are some university website researches in different countries but with different purposes with the special focus on sustainability. So the method of the present research is an attempt to find out how to measure the social responsibility visibility of universities and how to make categorizations based on the analyses. The limitation of the research is, among others, that universities have different search engines on their websites, which can lead to the misinterpretation of results. The main findings are that the visibility of social responsibility based on website analyses depends not only on the size and profile of the institutions; therefore, the investigation of visibility can contribute to the creation of new categories proving that social responsibility is far beyond the size or profile of the universities. The findings can help institutions develop the conscious communication of their social responsibility activity, and provide assistance to the research community.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.32725/det.2021.019

Factors of Responsible Entrepreneurial Behaviour: Empirical Findings from Hungary

Áron Szennay Judit Csákné Filep Melinda Krankovits

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 25-30

Description:

Sustainability is a contemporary global challenge that could be resolved only with the active and effective contribution of businesses. Thus, this paper aims to shed light on factors influencing entrepreneurs’ responsible behaviour. The analysis is based on the Hungarian merged dataset of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Adult Population Survey (APS) 2021 and 2022 (n=697). The results are based on statistical analyses, namely non-parametric correlation analyses and factor analysis. The findings show that variables concerning entrepreneurs’ responsible attitudes and behaviours significantly correlate with each other – except for two variables concerning directly with the SDGs, namely SDG awareness and considering SDG in KPIs. Using the five correlated variables, two factors can be created, where variables concerning intentions decouple from those concerning taking any steps towards minimising environmental or maximising social impacts. These results implicate that although entrepreneurs tend to consider environmental and/or societal aspects of their business decisions, they come short of taking steps towards them. Thus, responsible actions should be incentivised with education or targeted aids.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107005