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Publications - 6278

The impact of asbestos cement pollution in irrigation water on physiological and germination characteristics of Trifolium pratense, Medicago sativa, and Solanum lycopersicum seeds

András Torma Gergely Zoltán Macher Dóra Beke

Publication Name: Scientific Reports

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This paper investigates how plants respond to stress caused by asbestos cement products in irrigation water. It presents a thorough evaluation of the exposure and risk factors for plants, water, and soil when exposed to these materials. The experimental results provide empirical evidence of plant stress responses based on physiological and germination parameters. The research is motivated by concerns about environmental contamination from asbestos cement in irrigation water, which can be toxic to plants and lead to soil pollution, negatively impacting vegetation and soil quality. When exposed to asbestos in water, plants experience toxic stress that can inhibit photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, and germination. Asbestos can also adversely affect cell division and metabolism, risking plant growth, reproduction, and overall health, as well as making them more susceptible to disease and pests under environmental stress. The paper examines the impact on germination and physiological parameters of Trifolium pratense, Medicago sativa, and Solanum lycopersicum, particularly how they were affected by pre-established concentrations of irrigation water mixed with asbestos cement during a controlled germination experiment. The research methodology was developed in the absence of established global practices, standards, and methods, creating an opportunity for further methodological advancement. The findings could serve as a situational analysis for professionals in environmental plant protection and analytical fields.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-01011-4

Editorial: Blockchain-driven business models

Horst Treiblmaier Guido Ongena Teck Ming Tan Abderahman Rejeb

Publication Name: Digital Business

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 5

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In this editorial, we introduce the Special Issue on Blockchain-Driven Business Models. Over the last decade, academics have proposed numerous ideas on how to integrate the unique properties of blockchain, such as immutability, traceability, and programmability, into existing business models or to utilize them for developing startups from scratch. Practitioners have tried out countless disruptive business ideas, some of which have failed, while others have already begun to transform entire industries. This Special Issue explores the concept of blockchain-based business models from various angles, offering different theoretical perspectives and paving the way for future research in this groundbreaking area.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.digbus.2025.100154

Development of an ion beam detector for the atomic beam probe diagnostic

M. Berta G. Anda D. Dunai P. Hacek D. Réfy M. Aradi J. Krbec R. Pánek S. Zoletnik A. Bencze V. Weinzettl J. Stöckel

Publication Name: Review of Scientific Instruments

Publication Date: 2018-11-01

Volume: 89

Issue: 11

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The atomic beam probe diagnostic concept aims at measuring the edge magnetic field and through that edge current distribution in fusion plasmas by observing trajectories of an ion beam stemming from a diagnostic neutral beam. The diagnostic potentially has microsecond scale time resolution and can thus prove to be a powerful option to study fast changes in the edge plasma. A test detector has been installed on the COMPASS tokamak as an extension of the existing lithium beam diagnostic system. It employs a relatively simple concept of an array of conductive detection plates measuring the incident ion current, which is then amplified and converted to a voltage signal. The aim of the test detector is to experimentally examine the idea of the diagnostic and provide background data for design and installation of a final detector. Also, a numerical code based on the CUDA parallel computing platform has been developed for modeling lithium ion trajectories in the given COMPASS plasma discharges. We present the developments of the detector design and test measurements of the diagnostic performed both in a laboratory beam system and on the COMPASS tokamak.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1063/1.5044529

Fuzzy Systems Based Voltage Control of Buck Converter for Vehicles with 48V E/E Architecture

Ahmet Mehmet Karadeniz Nuri Furkan Kocak

Publication Name: Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-10-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 2

Page Range: 17-22

Description:

This paper investigates the efficiency of PID and Fuzzy Logic Control approaches as a voltage control method in vehicles with 48V E/E architecture. Then compares the mentioned methods output on Buck converter for 48V to 12V. Buck converter aims to convert 48V to 12V to be able to supply power to low voltage systems such as electric power steering systems within vehicles. 48V E/E architecture is becoming a common architecture among electric vehicles and power distribution through 48V batteries, hence it is chosen for this study. Our study presents that Fuzzy Logic Controller has a better performance in terms of response time and settling time on controlling output voltage of Buck converter which converts 48V to 12V.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Turning green into gold: How does green total factor productivity boost economic growth?

Lóránt Dávid Kok Haur Ng Junlin He Wee Yeap Lau Kok Haur Ng

Publication Name: Oeconomia Copernicana

Publication Date: 2025-09-30

Volume: 16

Issue: 3

Page Range: 921-975

Description:

Research background:Balancing economic expansion with environmental sustainability has become a central policy challenge. Green total factor productivity (GTFP) integrates environmental constraints into productivity analysis and is increasingly used as a measure of green growth. However, evidence on how GTFP shapes macro-level economic performance remains limited, with existing research largely confined to a small number of single-country studies. Purpose of the article: This study aims to investigate the causal effect of GTFP on economic growth using a global sample of 150 countries. It further seeks to identify the key transmission mechanisms through which GTFP influences macroeconomic outcomes and examines the moderating role of household savings rates in this relationship. Methods: Using a macro panel dataset for 150 countries from 2014 to 2023, this study first measures GTFP with a machine learning-enhanced three-stage slack-based measure-data envelopment analysis model combined with the global Malmquist productivity index. Subsequently, a double/debiased machine learning (DDML) model is employed to estimate the causal impact of GTFP on economic growth, effectively addressing the challenges of high-dimensional confounders and nonlinearities present in the data. Findings & value added: The results demonstrate a significant and robust positive relationship between GTFP and economic growth. This effect is primarily transmitted through two channels, which are enhancing exports and increasing household consumption. Furthermore, a high household savings rate is found to amplify the positive impact of GTFP on economic growth, validating the ‘Golden Rule’ savings rate proposition. This study contributes to the literature by providing the first large-scale, global evidence on the macroeconomic benefits of improving GTFP. By identifying specific transmission pathways and moderating effects employing DDML techniques for causal inference, this study offers empirical insights for policymakers to design effective green growth policies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24136/oc.3808

High precision GPS positioning with multiple receivers using carrier phase technique and sensor fusion

László Kis Bela Lantos

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Publication Date: 2013-01-01

Volume: 57

Issue: 3

Page Range: 83-97

Description:

This paper presents a carrier phase differential GPS technique for vehicle navigation. The orientation and position of the vehicle can reliably be calculated by the proposed solutions. The developed methods are aided by inertial and magnetic sensors. They are designed for dead reckoning and to handle phase slip. Therefore these solutions can be applied when the set of the available satellites changes frequently. Extended Kalman filters perform state estimation. The paper also presents the low-cost hardware/software architecture of the navigation system. The effectiveness of the methods have been proven in real car and flight tests.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPee.2102

Performance analysis and modelling of circular jets aeration in an open channel using soft computing techniques

Gusztáv Fekete Daeho Lee Diksha Puri Raj Kumar Sushil Kumar M. S. Thakur Tej Singh Daeho Lee

Publication Name: Scientific Reports

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is an important parameter in assessing water quality. The reduction in DO concentration is the result of eutrophication, which degrades the quality of water. Aeration is the best way to enhance the DO concentration. In the current study, the aeration efficiency (E20) of various numbers of circular jets in an open channel was experimentally investigated for different channel angle of inclination (θ), discharge (Q), number of jets (Jn), Froude number (Fr), and hydraulic radius of each jet (HRJn). The statistical results show that jets from 8 to 64 significantly provide aeration in the open channel. The aeration efficiency and input parameters are modelled into a linear relationship. Additionally, utilizing WEKA software, three soft computing models for predicting aeration efficiency were created with Artificial Neural Network (ANN), M5P, and Random Forest (RF). Performance evaluation results and box plot have shown that ANN is the outperforming model with correlation coefficient (CC) = 0.9823, mean absolute error (MAE) = 0.0098, and root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.0123 during the testing stage. In order to assess the influence of different input factors on the E20 of jets, a sensitivity analysis was conducted using the most effective model, i.e., ANN. The sensitivity analysis results indicate that the angle of inclination is the most influential input variable in predicting E20, followed by discharge and the number of jets.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53407-3

First detection of Ehrlichia cf. ewingii in a reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in Hungary

Míra Mándoki János Gál Árisz Ziszisz Krisztina Bali Eszter Kaszab Tamás Tóth Márton Hoitsy Gergő Keve Róbert Veprik László Könyves Nóra Takács Sándor Hornok Endre Sós Miklós Marosán

Publication Name: Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

Publication Date: 2025-09-15

Volume: 73

Issue: 3

Page Range: 144-149

Description:

Abstract: This the first report on the presence of Ehrlichia cf. ewingii in a reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in Hungary. The animal started to show apathy and loss of appetite and subsequently died shortly after being placed in an enclosure with dense vegetation, following a quarantine period. During the diagnostic necropsy, a large volume of reddish pericardial and thoracic effusion was observed resembling heartwater disease. Ehrlichia cf. ewingii was detected from the thoracic effusion by PCR and sequencing. The selenium content of multiple organs (liver, kidney, heart and skeletal muscles) were measured, but no increase was found. PCR tests for the detection of adenoviruses from the liver, lungs and spleen were negative. The routine bacteriological culture from the liver did not yield specific results either. To establish a causal relationship between the presence of E. cf. ewingii and the animal's death, further investigations are necessary.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/004.2025.01151

Stakeholders analysis of deposit refund waste collection system based on quality function deployment method

Peter Foldesi Eszter Sós Marah Almelhem

Publication Name: Cleaner Waste Systems

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 12

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study proposes a structured conceptual model for analyzing stakeholder complexity within Hungary's newly implemented Deposit Refund System (DRS), using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) framework. A House of Quality (HoQ) matrix was developed to map the relationships between the functional features of the system and the specific requirements of key stakeholders, including government, system operators, manufacturers, retailers, and customers. A qualitative focus group method was applied to gather expert input and evaluate system features based on stakeholder experience and the evolving Hungarian context. Rather than aiming for statistical generalization, the study focuses on illustrating how structured modeling can reveal stakeholder trade-offs and support strategic alignment in complex waste collection systems. Findings highlight areas of convergence and divergence among stakeholders and demonstrate the utility of the QFD-based approach in designing adaptable, stakeholder-informed DRS models. The results are particularly relevant for countries in the early stages of DRS implementation or those seeking to redesign existing systems to better integrate technical feasibility and stakeholder priorities.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100370