Search in Publications

Found 6515 publications

Global challenges and the ‘farm to fork’ strategies of the European Green Deal: Blessing or curse

Judit Oláh Popp József A. Nyéki M. Neményi

Publication Name: Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences

Publication Date: 2024-12-12

Volume: 20

Issue: 1

Page Range: 101-111

Description:

The article evaluates how well the goals of the European Green Deal are justified, especially considering the risks to energy and food security arising from the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. We agree with the objectives of the European Green Agreement as a whole, but whether some of the objectives which feature in the EASAC study can be achieved by 2030 is questionable, and the description of the tools necessary to achieve the objectives is incomplete. Among other things, there is hardly any mention of the role played by precision farming with digitalization, which is a revolutionary change from an ecological and economic point of view, in reducing the use of synthetic inputs, in regenerating the original state of the soil, in reducing GHG emissions, thus in increasing biodiversity, and at the same time in intensifying production, and finally in expanding the application of biotechnology. We examine these areas in our analysis. Some of the objectives of the EASAC study to be achieved by 2030 are subject to debate, and the description of the information and communication conditions necessary to achieve the objectives is incomplete. The IoT (Internet of Things) responds to global and local challenges: it integrates the precision technologies, WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks), artificial intelligence, mobile field (Smart Small Robots) and remote data loggers (UAVs: Unmanned Air Vehicles and satellites), Big Data, and cloud computing. Consequently, decision support is increasingly developing into unmanned decision making. IoT (Internet of Things) is the basis of “Farm to Fork” and “Lab to Field” monitoring approaches. This article evaluates the implementation of European Green Agreement objectives in light of energy and food security risks arising from the Russia-Ukraine conflict. While overall support for the agreement exists, the feasibility of certain EASAC study objectives by 2030 is called into question due to insufficient tools specifications. Notably absent is the emphasis on precision farming with digitalization, which is a transformative ecological and economic practice. Our analyses look into its function in reducing synthetic inputs, soil regeneration, GHG emission reduction, biodiversity enhancement, production intensification, and biotechnology development. Debates surround EASAC study objectives for 2030, despite limited information and communication restrictions. The Internet of Things (IoT) arises as a solution, combining precision technology, WSNs (wireless sensor networks), AI (artificial intelligence), smart small robots, UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles), satellites, big data, and cloud computing. As a result, decision support turns toward unmanned decision-making, with IoT laying the groundwork for “Farm to Fork” and “Lab to Field” monitoring systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/446.2024.00113

Decreased Expression of Placental Proteins in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Functional Relevance and Diagnostic Value

Offer Erez Padma Murthi Nándor Gábor Than Dániel Györffy Lajos Veress Zoltán Papp Sándor Nagy Andrea Balogh László Orosz Eszter Tóth Gergő Orosz Máté Posta Orsolya Oravecz Nándor Ács Gábor Szalai András Szilágyi Olga Török Petronella Hupuczi

Publication Name: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Publication Date: 2024-02-01

Volume: 25

Issue: 3

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Miscarriages affect 50–70% of all conceptions and 15–20% of clinically recognized pregnancies. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL, ≥2 miscarriages) affects 1–5% of recognized pregnancies. Nevertheless, our knowledge about the etiologies and pathophysiology of RPL is incomplete, and thus, reliable diagnostic/preventive tools are not yet available. Here, we aimed to define the diagnostic value of three placental proteins for RPL: human chorionic gonadotropin free beta-subunit (free-β-hCG), pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), and placental growth factor (PlGF). Blood samples were collected from women with RPL (n = 14) and controls undergoing elective termination of pregnancy (n = 30) at the time of surgery. Maternal serum protein concentrations were measured by BRAHMS KRYPTOR Analyzer. Daily multiple of median (dMoM) values were calculated for gestational age-specific normalization. To obtain classifiers, logistic regression analysis was performed, and ROC curves were calculated. There were differences in changes of maternal serum protein concentrations with advancing healthy gestation. Between 6 and 13 weeks, women with RPL had lower concentrations and dMoMs of free β-hCG, PAPP-A, and PlGF than controls. PAPP-A dMoM had the best discriminative properties (AUC = 0.880). Between 9 and 13 weeks, discriminative properties of all protein dMoMs were excellent (free β-hCG: AUC = 0.975; PAPP-A: AUC = 0.998; PlGF: AUC = 0.924). In conclusion, free-β-hCG and PAPP-A are valuable biomarkers for RPL, especially between 9 and 13 weeks. Their decreased concentrations indicate the deterioration of placental functions, while lower PlGF levels indicate problems with placental angiogenesis after 9 weeks.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031865

Parameter Sensitivity Analysis and Rotor Topology Optimisation of a Synchronous Reluctance Machine

Mihaly Katona Tamas Orosz

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 1258 LNNS

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 14-23

Description:

As environmental policies tighten and consumers demand sustainable products, transitioning from a linear to a circular economy is crucial. A promising approach to circular economy is remanufacturing end-of-life electric machines to meet original or new specifications. Designing a rotor for remanufacturing with a different topology to fulfil the new requirements is a complex, non-linear optimisation task. In this paper, a permanent magnet-based synchronous machine is transformed into a synchronous reluctance machine with a new rotor topology. In this research, the Taguchi method is used to estimate parameter sensitivity. For optimisation, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II was selected. Multi-criteria decision-making methods also helped choosing the optimal designs for maximum torque and minimal torque ripple. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the cut-off barrier shape significantly affects the average torque. In contrast, the height of the inner flux barrier had the most negligible effect. Most parameters showed almost the same magnitudes to torque ripple except for the height of the flux barrier, which again was the least significant. TOPSIS and SPOTIS methods using statisticalvariance and entropy weights showed some disagreements, indicating the complexity of selecting the optimal design.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-81799-1_2

Impact of proximity from chemical and pharmaceutical universities on startup founding: empirical evidence from the Visegrad countries

Áron Szennay Petra Kinga Kézai Melinda Krankovits

Publication Name: Discover Sustainability

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 5

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This paper examines the spatial distribution of chemical startups in the Visegrad Countries (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, and Hungary), highlighting their potential to drive technological innovation by creating new products or services under conditions of high uncertainty. The study focuses on the proximity of these startups to medical or chemical universities and those with biotechnological research fields to better understand their geographical patterns and potential knowledge spillovers. Data were drawn from Crunchbase, a comprehensive startup database, resulting in a final sample of approximately 333 operational chemical, pharmaceutical, or biotechnological startups. Companies were identified using keyword-based searches, while startup locations and distances to the nearest medical universities were recorded. Statistical methods were applied to assess spatial patterns. Results indicate that these startups are frequently located in cities with biotechnological, chemical, or medical universities. Our findings highlight different types of startup activities and levels of financial support across the Visegrad countries, emphasising the role of chemical startups in fostering technological advancement and sustainable development.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s43621-024-00707-3

Measurement and simulation of magnetic flux density, a comparative study

Miklós Kuczmann Gergely Friedl

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2014-04-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 1

Page Range: 133-144

Description:

The paper presents a modified version of the T.E.A.M. Problem No. 32 of the Compumag Society. The original problem is a measurement arrangement to study the magnetic flux density distribution inside an EI ferrite core. A finite element simulation of the device in the frame of COMSOL Multiphysics using the A-formulation has been worked out. First, the device has been realized, and a LabVIEW program has been implemented to measure the waveform of the voltage of B-coils. The geometry and the solution of the problem have been implemented in the frame of COMSOL Multiphysics, to calculate magnetic flux density at the points, where B-coils are on the core.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/Pollack.9.2014.1.14

Speeding up the performance analysis of communication systems

G. Lencse

Publication Name: 2005 European Simulation and Modelling Conference Esm 2005 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2005-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 329-333

Description:

The methods for the performance analysis of communication networks are reviewed. Different ways are shown how the combination of DES and TFA can be made faster by using parallelism. An efficient algorithm for the parallel execution of the combined DES and TFA is presented.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Creation of Slag-Containing Composite Material Prototypes Using Powder Metallurgy Methods

Meruyert E. Utegenova Marzhan Sadenova Petar Sabev Varbanov

Publication Name: Engineering Technology and Applied Science Research

Publication Date: 2025-10-06

Volume: 15

Issue: 5

Page Range: 26555-26563

Description:

This study explores the powder metallurgy methods for obtaining slag-containing composite materials that can be utilized in the ceramic industry, and especially in catalysis, as raw materials for the production of building materials, and also as refractories. The main components of the synthesized samples of composite materials are natural aluminosilicates from the east of Kazakhstan and metallurgical slag of lead production. Varying the content of components in the range: slag 10-30 wt.%, bentonite clay 30-40 wt.%, and natural zeolite 40-60 wt.%, a pilot batch of composite materials was obtained. The results show that the samples had high mechanical strength, ranging from 20.7 to 50.53 MPa, after sintering at a temperature of 1000 °C.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.48084/etasr.11991

European weed vegetation database – A gap-focused vegetation-plot database

Dmytro Iakushenko G. Pinke Ladislav Mucina Christian Berg K. Nagy Filip Küzmič Emanuele Fanfarillo Zlatan Kovačević Stephan M. Henne-Kens Svetlana Tereshenko Eira Poranen Zdeňka Lososová Idoia Biurrun Erwin Bergmeier Xavier Font Milan Chytrý Ilona Knollová Urban Šilc Stefan Meyer

Publication Name: Phytocoenologia

Publication Date: 2020-01-01

Volume: 50

Issue: 1

Page Range: 93-100

Description:

This report presents the European Weed Vegetation Database, a new database of vegetation plots documenting short-lived vegetation of arable and ruderal habitats from Europe and Macaronesia. The database comprises the phytosociological classes Papaveretea rhoeadis, Sisymbrietea, Chenopodietea and Digitario sanguinalis-Era-grostietea minoris. It is a gap-focused database containing mainly plots of this vegetation from the areas not yet represented in the European Vegetation Archive (EVA), to facilitate its accessibility for researchers to answer various questions. As of the end of 2018, it contained 24,734 plots, predominantly from Southern Europe. The data can be used for phytosociological studies, various kinds of interdisciplinary research as well as for studies for agronomy, nature management and biodiversity conservation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1127/phyto/2019/0337

Nexus Between Life Expectancy, Education, Governance, and Carbon Emissions: Contextual Evidence from Carbon Neutrality Dream of the USA

Irum Shahzadi Rida Waheed Suleman Sarwar Irum Shahzadi Yi Xia Zhou Chen

Publication Name: Journal of the Knowledge Economy

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 4

Page Range: 18987-19018

Description:

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the association between energy use, life expectancy, and governance related factors on the environmental quality of the USA. In this regard, the authors discuss the carbon neutrality target and sustainable development goals of the USA. For empirical analysis, the authors employ the US data for the period of 1996 to 2019. Using the Zivot-Andrews structural break unit root test, linear ARDL, and dynamic simulated ARDL, this study obtained the empirical results for diagnostic examination and long-run coefficients. The empirical findings explained how the education, life expectancy, and energy use induce the carbon emissions. Whereas, the instruments of governance have heterogenous impact on the environmental quality of the country. Based on the detailed empirical findings, the study draws the conclusions about the affirmative contributions to carbon emissions. The current research eventually suggests some energy related findings and implications to further reduce the environmental issues and to achieve neutrality targets of the USA.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s13132-024-01839-7