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Progress in diagnostics of the COMPASS tokamak

V. Weinzettl M. Peterka R. Paprok J. Seidl A. Podolník P. Vondracek T. Krizsanóczi M. Stano P. Bílková M. Dimitrova N. Vianello M. Sos M. Tomes M. Varavin J. Varju M. Hron J. Zajac F. Zacek M. Berta A. Devitre T. Markovič O. Grover M. Komm P. Hacek E. Gauthier E. Matveeva J. Mlynář D. Naydenkova K. Kovařík M. Rabinski J. Adámek J. Stockel J. Horáček R. Panek R. Dejarnac J. Havlíček A. Havránek R. Gomes M. Vlainic A. Silva S. Zoletnik J. Cavalier O. Ficker P. Böhm M. Imríšek G. Anda D. Dunai D. Réfy T. Pereira Tsv Popov D. Sarychev G. P. Ermak J. Zebrowski M. Jakubowski J. Krbec S. Nanobashvili M. Spolaore O. Bogár K. Mitosinkova K. Malinowski D. Fridrich J. Gunn

Publication Name: Journal of Instrumentation

Publication Date: 2017-12-07

Volume: 12

Issue: 12

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The COMPASS tokamak at IPP Prague is a small-size device with an ITER-relevant plasma geometry and operating in both the Ohmic as well as neutral beam assisted H-modes since 2012. A basic set of diagnostics installed at the beginning of the COMPASS operation has been gradually broadened in type of diagnostics, extended in number of detectors and collected channels and improved by an increased data acquisition speed. In recent years, a significant progress in diagnostic development has been motivated by the improved COMPASS plasma performance and broadening of its scientific programme (L-H transition and pedestal scaling studies, magnetic perturbations, runaway electron control and mitigation, plasma-surface interaction and corresponding heat fluxes, Alfvenic and edge localized mode observations, disruptions, etc.). In this contribution, we describe major upgrades of a broad spectrum of the COMPASS diagnostics and discuss their potential for physical studies. In particular, scrape-off layer plasma diagnostics will be represented by a new concept for microsecond electron temperature and heat flux measurements - we introduce a new set of divertor Langmuir and ball-pen probe arrays, newly constructed probe heads for reciprocating manipulators as well as several types of standalone probes. Among optical tools, an upgraded high-resolution edge Thomson scattering diagnostic for pedestal studies and a set of new visible light and infrared (plasma-surface interaction investigations) cameras will be described. Particle and beam diagnostics will be covered by a neutral particle analyzer, diagnostics on a lithium beam, Cherenkov detectors (for a direct detection of runaway electrons) and neutron detectors. We also present new modifications of the microwave reflectometer for fast edge density profile measurements.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/12/12/C12015

Fuzzy and Kohonen SOM based classification of different 0D nanostructures

Márk Farkas Ákos Nemcsics Antal Ürmös Zoltán Farkas Tamás Sándor László T. Kóczy

Publication Name: Sami 2017 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics Proceedings

Publication Date: 2017-03-16

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 365-370

Description:

In this paper, the clustering of the GaAs-based droplet epitaxially grown self-assembled nanostructures was investigated by soft-computing methods. The properties and the operation of these devices, depend on the type, the shape, the size, and their distribution of these 0 dimensional nanostructures. Because of this, it is very important to know, how and what kind of nanostructures can form, at the given technological parameters. Our goal is the classification of these nanostructures, in order to support the research and the production of these devices. Our solution is based on the shape factor calculation of the given nanostructure. In this work, two possible classification methods of nanostructures were introduced as well. First, the classification potential of the Kohonen Self-Organizing Mapping (SOM) was investigated. Second, the fuzzy inference system based classification was studied. In this case, the shape factor was determined by geometrical sizes of the nanostructures. In this paper the clustering was introduced, which supports many kinds of technology as well.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/SAMI.2017.7880335

Sorting for Sustainability: Harnessing Female Awareness of Zero Waste

Judit Petra Koltai Vinkóczi Tamás Éva Heimné Rácz

Publication Name: Journal of Sustainability Research

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 6

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background: Sustainable Development Goal 12 focuses on sustainable consumption and production patterns. Females are more likely to adopt these sustainable consumption practices due to their environmental attitudes. The scope of the present research is to develop a Hungarian model that can provide a theoretical explanation for the formation, viability and empowerment of zero waste awareness among females as they are sensitive to the issue and may have sufficient knowledge about it. Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed in a university environment in Hungary, resulting in 160 responses after data cleaning. The model was constructed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Results: The results show that for females, the factors waste sorting and zero waste practicality account for 72.4% of the variance in zero waste awareness. The Beta values indicate that both effects are positive with the effect of the first (βZWS-ZWA = 0.523) being stronger than the second (βZWP-ZWA = 0.389). In addition, it can be concluded that women’s attitudes toward waste sorting have a strong positive impact (R2 = 0.542, βZWS-ZWP = 0.736) on zero waste practicality. Conclusions: The zero waste attitudes of female university students’ behavior are significantly related to the selective collection of waste and the practical use of old products. In addition, waste separation is a practical approach to environmental responsibility, as there is no need to dispose of all end-of-life products if they can be recycled. The model could help the government understand the factors and the mindset from a female perspective in order to partially support the decision-making process related to sustainability.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.20900/jsr.20240065

A population based metaheuristic for traveling salesman type problems

Péter Földesi Boldizsár Tüű-Szabó László T. Kóczy

Publication Name: 2017 International Conference on Fuzzy Theory and Its Applications Ifuzzy 2017

Publication Date: 2017-03-09

Volume: 2017-November

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-5

Description:

In this paper we present a metaheuristic method, called DBMEA. It combines the bacterial evolutionary algorithm with local search techniques. Based on our test results it can be used for solving efficiently more discrete optimization problems. The algorithm was tested on Traveling Salesman Problem and Traveling Repairman Problem (TRP) benchmark instances found in the literature. In the case of TSP the DBMEA algorithm produced optimal or near-optimal solutions for all tested instances. Although the most efficient TSP solver method, the Helsgaun's Lin-Kernighan heuristic was faster than DBMEA, but in the case of DBMEA the runtime was more predictable than it the case of other methods. In the case of TRP the results are competitive in terms of accuracy and runtimes with the state-of-the art methods. Except two instances our algorithm found the best-known solutions, and for the biggest tested instance it found new best solution. The runtime was on average 30% faster than the most efficient heuristic in the literature.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/iFUZZY.2017.8311797

Visegrád: The Evolving Pattern of Coordination and Partnership After EU Enlargement

Eamonn Butler Károly Grúber Csaba Töro

Publication Name: Europe Asia Studies

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 66

Issue: 3

Page Range: 364-393

Description:

Multilateral, subregional partnerships are one of the defining features of contemporary European politics. The 2004 enlargement of the European Union introduced a new partnership entity to the mix-the Visegrád Group of states, comprising the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia-which offers its members a useful model to discuss and represent common interests in a collective manner within the regional and international political landscape. The article provides a reflection on the evolution of the Visegrád Group of states since 2004. It examines four key policy areas (institutional candidacy, energy policy, eastern neighbourhood and defence policy) where the group has either learned some difficult lessons or is seeking to apply those lessons. The article suggests that the Visegrád Group's greatest strength lies in its flexibility to become more responsive to the challenges it faces and it is likely therefore to remain appealing to its member states and to be a permanent feature within the wider cohort of European Union subregional partnerships. © 2013 University of Glasgow.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/09668136.2013.855392

Effects of soil compaction on cereal yield: A review

G. Milics A. J. Kovács A. Nyéki M. Neményi

Publication Name: Cereal Research Communications

Publication Date: 2017-03-01

Volume: 45

Issue: 1

Page Range: 1-22

Description:

This paper reviews the works related to the effect of soil compaction on cereal yield and focuses on research of field experiments. The reasons for compaction formation are usually a combination of several types of interactions. Therefore one of the most researched topics all over the world is the changes in the soil's physical and chemical properties to achieve sustainable cereal production conditions. Whether we are talking about soil bulk density, physical soil properties, water conductivity or electrical conductivity, or based on the results of measurements of on-line or point of soil sampling resistance testing, the fact is more and more information is at our disposal to find answers to the challenges. Thanks to precision plant production technologies (PA) these challenges can be overcome in a much more efficient way than earlier as instruments are available (geospatial technologies such as GIS, remote sensing, GPS with integrated sensors and steering systems; plant physiological models, such Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT), which includes models for cereals etc.). The tests were carried out first of all on alteration clay and sand content in loam, sandy loam and silt loam soils. In the study we examined especially the change in natural soil compaction conditions and its effect on cereal yields. Both the literature and our own investigations have shown that the soil moisture content changes have the opposite effect in natural compaction in clay and sand content related to cereal yield. These skills would contribute to the spreading of environmental, sustainable fertilizing devoid of nitrate leaching planning and cereal yield prediction within the framework of the PA to eliminate seasonal effects.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/0806.44.2016.056

Households’ electricity consumption in hungarian urban areas

Cecília Szigeti Judit Berkes Ferenc Bakó

Publication Name: Energies

Publication Date: 2021-05-02

Volume: 14

Issue: 10

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The aim of this study is to examine the factors influencing the electricity consumption of urban households and to prove these with statistically significant results. The study includes 46 small and medium-sized towns in Hungary. The methodology of the study is mainly provided by a model that can be used for this purpose; however, the results obtained with the traditional regression method are compared with the results of another, more complex estimation method, the artificial neural network, which has the advantage of being able to use different types of models. The focus of our article is on methodological alignment, not necessarily the discovery of new results. Certain demographic characteristics significantly determine the energy demand of a household sector in a municipality. In this case, as the ratio of people aged 60 or over within a city rises by 1%, the urban household average energy consumption decreases by 61 kilowatt hours, and when it rises by 1%, the amount of pollutants expelled from urban households’ average energy consumption may decrease by 22.8745 kg. The research area of our paper was greatly influenced by the availability of the statistical data. The results can be used in the planning of urban developments.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/en14102899

Models, modeling and model-based systems in the era of computers, machine learning and AI

Seyed Soheil Mansouri Abhishek Sivaram Christopher J. Savoie Rafiqul Gani

Publication Name: Computers and Chemical Engineering

Publication Date: 2025-03-01

Volume: 194

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Models, representing a system under study with respect to problems such as process design, process control, product synthesis and many more, are at the core of most computer-aided solution techniques. The representation of a system through a model is done in different ways, such as, symbols, data, mathematical equations, and/or some combination of these. The workflow or process of creating a proxy mathematical representation (model) of a given target system is referred to as modeling. Model-based software tools incorporate the developed models within the steps of their systematic workflow through simultaneous or decomposed solution strategies related to synthesis, design, analysis, etc., of specific systems. In this perspective paper we highlight the various ways systems can be represented by models, the different ways the required models are developed through modeling techniques, and examples of model-based software tools developed to solve different process and product engineering problems. Two types of systems - process systems and chemical systems, are considered. Important issues and challenges are highlighted and perspectives on how they can be addressed are presented.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2024.108957

Comparison of Five Rehabilitation Interventions for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Trial

Tamás Haidegger Tibor Hortobágyi József Tollár Péter Prukner Tomas Vetrovsky Istvan Drotar Szilvia Kóra Petra Kós Zoltán Vadászi György Wersényi

Publication Name: Journal of Clinical Medicine

Publication Date: 2025-03-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 5

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background: Comparative efficacy of rehabilitation interventions in persons with acute ischemic stroke (PwS) is limited. This randomized trial assessed the immediate and lasting effects of five interventions on clinical and mobility outcomes in 75 PwS. Methods: Five days after stroke, 75 PwS were randomized into five groups: physical therapy (CON, standard care, once daily); walking with a soft robotic exoskeleton (ROB, once daily); agility exergaming once (EXE1, once daily) or twice daily (EXE2, twice daily); and combined EXE1+ROB in two daily sessions. Interventions were performed 5 days per week for 3 weeks. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and after 5 weeks of detraining. Results: Modified Rankin Scale (primary outcome) and Barthel Index showed no changes. EXE1, EXE2, ROB, and EXE1+ROB outperformed standard care (CON) in five secondary outcomes (Berg balance scale, 10m walking speed, 6-min walk test with/without robot, standing balance), with effects sustained after 5 weeks. Dose effects (EXE1 vs. EXE2) were minimal, while EXE1+ROB showed additive effects in 6-min walk tests. Conclusions: These novel comparative data expand evidence-based options for therapists to design individualized rehabilitation plans for PwS. Further confirmation is needed.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/jcm14051648