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Found 6515 publications

Relevance and legal background of tourist guiding in Hungary

Viktória Kundi

Publication Name: Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Development

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 12

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The profession of tourist guide has recently been subject to a significant loss of prestige in Hungary. There have been many career leavers who have been prevented from working due to an unregulated legal framework or a lack of government support during and in the post-COVID-19 period. The first problem-an ineffective and poorly regulated regulatory environment-has led to a significant increase in unauthorised tourism-related activities, undermining the reputation of the profession. As a result of the unregulated legal environment, the country-and Budapest in particular-is losing significant revenue and the situation is damaging the city’s image. Today, personal knowledge and experience are likely to be rendered worthless by the development of new technologies, tools and fast-paced lifestyles. Many people do not even know who exactly a tourist guide is, what their duties are and what regulations apply to their activities, despite the fact that tourist guides spend a lot of quality time with tourists visiting our country, providing them with information and acquainting them with our traditions. The transfer of value, which is the essence of their activity, is an important factor in shaping the image of the country and the perception of Hungary by visitors. Most people may not be aware of the remarkable difference between a qualified and licensed guide and an unqualified and unlicensed guide. The former presents a place authentically. This study aims to present the legal and professional background of this activity and the importance of this work in the light of current regulations, highlighting the important role of guides in the transmission of values today. It also focuses on the main changes and reactions brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the uncertainties and concerns created by the legislative background. In order to illustrate the unique situation in Hungary, regulatory procedures and tourist management practices are also covered.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24294/jipd.v8i12.6522

Non-simplex enclosing polytope generation concept for Tensor Product model transformation based controller design

Péter Galambos József Kuti Peter Baranyi

Publication Name: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Systems Man and Cybernetics Smc 2016 Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2017-02-06

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 3368-3373

Description:

In polytopic model-based controller synthesis, the vertices of the model determine the achievable performance characteristics. This paper introduces a new concept, that allows for the sophisticated construction of non-simplex enclosing polytopes. The non-simplex structures in general, have much better descriptor properties than the simplex one that leads to less conservative synthesis. The paper demonstrates the workflow of controller design for a nonlinear system through the example of the TORA (Translational Oscillator with a Rotational Actuator) system. The numerical results clearly show that the proposed approach is capable of excluding non-stabilizable regions located between the exact convex hull and the enclosing simplex. The non-simplex polytope leads to an increased number of vertices but it practically does not influence the viability of Tensor-Product (TP) formalization and the feasibility of controller design while the achievable control performance can be improved significantly.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/SMC.2016.7844754

Structural entropy in detecting background patterns of AFM images

L. M. Molnár Imre Mojzes Szilvia Nagy

Publication Name: Vacuum

Publication Date: 2009-08-25

Volume: 84

Issue: 1

Page Range: 179-183

Description:

Structural entropy was developed for detecting the type of localization in charge distributions on a finite grid, especially in mesoscopic electronic systems. However, it is possible to detect and analyze superstructures, i.e., topologies consisting of more structures with different types of localization properties. In the definition of the structural entropy, the von Neumann entropy of the system is divided into two parts: first, the extension entropy, which is simply the logarithm of the occupation number; the second part is the structural entropy. On a structural entropy versus logarithm of the spatial filling factor map, the different types of localizations follow different, well-characterized curves. Spatial filling factor measures the percentage of the "filled" (i.e., high intensity) pixels of the image. An atomic force microscopy (AFM) image can be interpreted as some kind of charge distribution on a grid: after normalization, the darkness (or lightness) of the pixels fulfills all the necessary conditions. AFM image artifacts can be detected by plotting the structural entropy versus the logarithm of the spatial filling factor maps of the images. Not only the type of an added large-scale Gaussian, parabolic, exponential, or other function can be identified, but also by careful study of the curves belonging to the structures, the parameters can be detected, too. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2009.04.025

Comparing the aggregation capability of the MPT communications library and multipath TCP

Ákos Kovács

Publication Name: 7th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2016 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2017-01-03

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 157-161

Description:

The MPT network layer multipath communication library-which was proposed to be a possible new basis for the future cognitive info-communication-is capable to use multiple communication channels to create an UDP tunnel which uses GRE tunnel protocol. On the other hand, Multipath TCP uses a special kernel module which creates multiple TCP sub-flows to aggregate network throughput. In this paper we used twelve 100Mbps speed channels to compare the aggregation capabilities of these two multipath communication techniques. Different scenarios were used: we measured both IPv4 and IPv6 as underlying and encapsulation protocols. In all cases, we used one to twelve channels to measure the aggregation capabilities with the iperf network measurement tool and also with HTTP download.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CogInfoCom.2016.7804542

Fractal properties of AlGeNi layers on GaAs surfaces

L. M. Molnár Bernadett Varga Imre Mojzes Szilvia Nagy

Publication Name: Vacuum

Publication Date: 2009-08-25

Volume: 84

Issue: 1

Page Range: 251-253

Description:

The thermal interactions of thin AlGe and AlNiGe layers with a bulk GaAs monocrystal were investigated. The heat treatment of these systems was carried out in the working chamber of a scanning electron microscope. The SEM pictures were analysed using a fractal mathematical technique. It was found that the surface of the samples has fractal character. No temperature dependence of the fractal dimension was observed. The samples were also studied using the structural entropy versus filling factor maps of the samples in order to find their localization properties. The SEM pictures of AlGe perform mostly as a Gaussian functions, whereas the AlNiGe samples show usually a behaviour with exponential decay. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2009.06.005

Immigration and competitiveness - some methodological questions

Tünde Patay

Publication Name: Deturope

Publication Date: 2017-01-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 3

Page Range: 207-220

Description:

Immigrants can contribute significantly to the economic and social development of regions or urban areas. Some key figures on migration are thus traditionally used in studies on local development. Beyond the usual description of migratory movements, two research fields are often in the centre of controversies, namely the labour market and the inclusion of immigrants. Comparing the European regions, the phases of urban development as well as the relevant internal and external factors present a mixed picture in Europe. At the same time, the dynamics of migratory movements and the reactions of national and subnational policies also vary. The Member States of the European Union aim to harmonise their definitions and data on migration issues, however, the daily practice leads us to the questions of reliability and comparability of migration statistics; and the interdisciplinary character of migration research offers the use of variable research methods. The aim of this study, as a part of a presentation at a conference on urban development, is to describe some key methodological issues of migration research exploring the typical questions. The first part of the paper calls attention to the importance of data quality, processing and interpretation, describing the research methods mainly used in studies on immigration. The second part summarizes the significance of immigration in regional competitiveness, pointing out the possible "stumbling stones" in the relevant migration studies. Some of these factors, the areas that are mainly in the centre of scientific and political debates, are discussed in this paper, namely the labour market challenges and issues relating to the different aspects of segregation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.32725/det.2017.030

Energy-Based Approach on Calculating Stand-Off Height of Different Solder Joints

Ambrus Zelei Antal Bakonyi

Publication Name: 2024 IEEE 10th Electronics System Integration Technology Conference Estc 2024 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In the lifetime prediction simulations of microelectronics solder joints, the stand-off height and misalignment parameters are founded on a variety of estimation methods from very simple to complex approaches. However, the stand-off height and misalignment play essential role in the lifetime of solder joints. Thus, a reliable lifetime simulation requires proper solder geometry model. Many researchers calculate the solder geometry with the software called Surface Evolver, which minimizes the total energy, including the surface tension energy. Some of these studies used energy-based methods for the stand-off height prediction. The first hypothesis is that by changing the predefined value of stand-off height in the Surface Evolver simulation, we gain different total energy values and by differentiating the energy with respect to the stand-off height, we can obtain the vertical force and a nonlinear spring characteristic for the molten solder. Similar results can be found in the literature for BGA. Secondly, it is hypothesized that this spring-like behaviour is observable in horizontal direction too, which is related with the misalignment of the component. The presented approach provides a simple model for the prediction of the stand-off height and misalignment.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/ESTC60143.2024.10712056

An Investigation of Historic Transportation Infrastructure Preservation and Improvement through Historic Building Information Modeling

János Szép Kitti Karolyfi Nóra Géczy Rnin Salah

Publication Name: Infrastructures

Publication Date: 2024-07-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 7

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Historical transportation infrastructures (HTIs) like railways and bridges are essential to our cultural heritage. However, the preservation and enhancement of these structures pose significant challenges due to their complex nature and the need for modern upgrades. Historic building information modeling (HBIM) has emerged as a solution, facilitating the documentation, restoration, and maintenance of historic transportation assets. The purpose of the proposed work is to provide a systematic review of research findings on the application of HBIM in historic transportation infrastructure, highlighting its role in capturing intricate architectural details and supporting decision making for preservation efforts. A series of case studies in which HBIM has been instrumental in preserving historic transportation infrastructure are investigated and analyzed using a comprehensive literature review method. Furthermore, future directions in HBIM research are proposed, identifying potential applications and recommending areas for further investigation. Additionally, this paper suggests HBIM’s potential to balance modernization demands with the conservation needs of historic transportation infrastructure, providing policymakers and stakeholders with insightful strategies for sustainable heritage management.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9070114

A new algorithm to determine optimal transfer opportunities in a public transport network

Agoston Winkler

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2009-08-01

Volume: 4

Issue: 2

Page Range: 135-143

Description:

Transfer opportunities play an important role in modeling public transport networks. Finding the optimal transfer locations is essential for providing valuable passenger information in order to support journey planning. Furthermore, using this information makes possible to accelerate general-purpose shortest path algorithms, making transit assignments more efficient. However, determining optimal transfer opportunities in a dense network is not an easy task. This paper presents the principles of a possible solution, and a new algorithm based on them, illustrated with actual examples. The algorithm has a polynomial complexity; therefore it can be used easily in practice.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/Pollack.4.2009.2.14