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Introduction to the theoretical analysis of social exclusion of public transport in rural areas

No authors available

Publication Name: DETUROPE

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: 10

Issue: 3

Page Range: 214-227

Description:

Western societies are facing the same problems worldwide regarding the provision of public transport services in rural, sparsely populated and peripheral areas. One of the main reasons is that due to the increasing number of cars (which can satisfy the mobility needs much better), the number of passengers of public transport services are steadily decreasing (ITF, 2015). However, we do not forget that supplying these areas with public transportation have in fact always been problematic: the dispersed settlement network is a given fact as well as the low population density that never generated high demand (Ambrosino, Nelson & Romanazzo, 2003). Passengers of public transport in rural areas are not classified by the majority of international literature as voluntary travellers on public transport vehicles, but who belong to those groups which stand in need of travelling by them. Regarding this issue, the major starting-point is the ability to have access to car which can be modified by other factors (financial situation, sex, age, physical condition, type of household, foreign language skills etc.). Those people who have limited or no access to car are thus constrained by the schedule of public transport vehicles and depend on its reliability or even no access to any transport mode belongs to the group of transport deprived. The purpose of this article is twofold: to introduce those groups who are suffering from the decline of public transport in rural areas and to highlight the necessity of these researches in Central and Eastern Europe.

Open Access: No

DOI: DOI not available

In trust we thrive: What drives the sharing economy?

Gauri Shankar Gupta Kinga Szabó

Publication Name: Corvinus Journal of Sociology and Social Policy

Publication Date: 2020-01-01

Volume: 11

Issue: 2

Page Range: 49-68

Description:

The rapid growth of the sharing economy in the last two decades may signal a paradigm shift in global capitalism and societal values. Digital platforms have brought together strangers with under-utilized capacities and assets with those who need them but who are not looking for ownership. The radius of trust, which was initially confined to family, friends and local communities, now encompasses strangers who speak no common language and who may live oceans apart. Trust, driven by Digital Identity (DI) and Trust and Reputation Information (TRI), has enabled what was considered improbable or even impossible some years ago. The further expansion and deepening of trust, based on new technologies combined with the international legal framework, has the potential to rewrite the apparatus of modern capitalism and societal values. Civil society and governments need to engage on this issue to guide them in a direction that is most beneficial to society. However, the current extraordinary situation due to the Coronavirus pandemic, coupled with the foreseeable tendency to complete digital control, is likely to have far-reaching impact on the future development of the sharing economy.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14267/CJSSP.2020.2.3

Finite element modeling and identification of metallic materials step responses

Zoltán Pólik Zoltán Kántor

Publication Name: COMPEL the International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 33

Issue: 6

Page Range: 1920-1934

Description:

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to study the optimization of a pulsed-excitation gradiometric inductive sensing system. Design/methodology/approach - The authors applied numerical finite-element modeling for the simulation of the step responses of different target materials to identify the particular contribution of the magnetic permeability and the electric conductivity. Four materials of technical importance (aluminum, copper, constructional steel and stainless steel) and four fictive test materials were modeled for the comparison of different materials possessing a wide range of combinations of material parameters. A microcontroller-based measurement setup was implemented for the qualitative validation of the simulation results. A simple signal processing chain was also applied for the time-domain conversion of the direct step response signals to increase the time scale of the signals to be processed by common mixed-signal components. Findings - The step response signals contain relevant information of the target material quality and the sensor-to-target distance. The target materials can be distinguished and the sensor-target distance can be determined by the evaluation of the step response signals with an appropriate algorithm based on the measurement of the time and voltage of an extreme of the time dependent measurement signals. Both direct and time-domain converted signals can be used for material independent proximity sensing. Originality/value - In order to design an inductive proximity switch, an evaluation method of the response signals has been proposed by using an analog RLC circuit. With the presented method, a target material invariant inductive proximity switch can be realized.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1108/COMPEL-11-2013-0349

EUROPEAN CAPITAL OF CULTURE 2023 - COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE HUNGARIAN CANDIDATE CITIES

Szabolcs Morvay Dávid Fekete

Publication Name: Deturope

Publication Date: 2020-01-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 2

Page Range: 84-104

Description:

A Hungarian city will be designated as the European Capital of Culture in 2023. The series of programmes are designed to show the multi-colour European culture, accordingly, the cultural values and cultural dimensions of the cities are in the focus. Several cities take part in the competition in the customary way by submitting their tender documentation within the framework of a pre-selection procedure. Győr, Veszprém and Debrecen proved to be the most probable candidate cities to win in Hungary, they were chosen to enter the second round of the selection procedure. Although the focus of intense attention usually falls on the cultural programmes planned for the project year, the period of the competition itself is also regarded an exciting phase of the project, since this is the period when candidate cities are expected to give an account of their plans, moreover, they are also expected to outline their projected development conception in the field of culture and their cultural potentials. The present study aims to analyse and confront the plans of three Hungarian cities that were selected to enter the second round of the competition and, consequently, it also intends to explore the visions, the strengths and weaknesses of the Hungarian cities of outstanding cultural ambitions mainly via factors denoted in figures. Today we know, that the winning city became Veszprém. Although based on the quantitative data we saw the other two cities as more likely to win, due to a number of qualitative as well as subjective factors, the city of Veszprém proved to be better during the selection procedure. We do not want to override the decision; we only outline an analytical framework for the cultural comparison of our culturally ambitious Hungarian cities.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

INVESTIGATION OF HEAT-AFFECTED ZONES OF THERMITE RAIL WELDINGS

Szabolcs Fischer Mykola Sysyn Dmytro Kurhan B. Kocsis Dóra Harangozó Dalma Németh András Brautigam

Publication Name: Facta Universitatis Series Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 22

Issue: 4

Page Range: 689-710

Description:

The paper investigates the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of several rail joints executed by thermite rail welding (TW). The examined rail profile was 54E1 (UIC54). The rail steel categories were different: R260 and R400HT. The welding portions of the TWs fitted R350HT and R260 rail categories with normal welding gaps. The rail pieces were brand new, i.e., without any usage in the railway track. The authors executed Vickers-hardness tests (HV10) and material texture tests on the running surface of the rail head, as well as on slices cut from the rail head. The cutting was performed by the water jet method, five longitudinal direction slices with vertical cutting lines. The considered specimen lengths were 2×70 mm (i.e., 70 mm from the mid-point of the rail joint), however, the depths were 20 mm from the running surface. Therefore, the measuring spaces were 5 mm lengthwise and 2 mm in depth. The variation of the hardness values was determined considering the microstructures of the base steel material and the TW. For comparison, previously measured Elektrothermit SoW-5 and earlier own research were taken into consideration.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.22190/fume221217008f

Potential errors of acoustical testing induced by stinger excitation

No authors available

Publication Name: 25th International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2018, ICSV 2018: Hiroshima Calling

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: 1

Issue:

Page Range: 304-311

Description:

Using a shaker-stinger-structure setup for excitation is a common method nowadays for acoustical testing, however, the geometrical and material properties of the stinger and its fastening method can induce unwanted artefacts to measured characteristics. These uncertainties were artificially reproduced and their effects on the driving point mobility (DP) and frequency response function (FRF) were examined. Stinger buckling phenomena was found to have significant effect both on DP and on FRF. More parameters were investigated experimentally and analytically, which have influence on the buckling phenomena, such as the stiffness of stinger end mounting, axial or radial pretension or slightly bent stinger shapes. The effect of these artificial errors were directly quantified. Furthermore, practical failures - as loosening of threaded mounting adapters - were reproduced and evaluated too. As a consequence, direct practical suggestions for stinger applications were formed, considering the excitation force and frequency range of interest.

Open Access: No

DOI: DOI not available

Examination of the Emission of Gas-Phase Components, Including Some Not-Conventional Ones from a Parking Heater, While Increasing the Bioethanol Content of the Fuel

Ibolya Zsoldos György Szabados Péter Nagy

Publication Name: Energies

Publication Date: 2023-06-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 12

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The air pollutant emissions of a motor vehicle do not only mean the emissions from the engine used for propelling the vehicle. Another possible source is the passenger compartment heater. In the focus of our research, we investigated the effect of mixing gasoline-powered cabin air and ethanol (E10, E30, E100 on a volumetric basis) on the emissions of the equipment. Among the pollutant components examined, there were conventional components and so called not-conventional components. The chosen length of the test was 1800 s, while the intake air parameters temperature (tin) and relative humidity (h) have been kept constant (tin = 15 °C, h = 30%). Bioethanol mixing has a significant reducing effect on NOx (oxides of nitrogen) and CO2 (carbon dioxide). As for the components CO (carbon monoxide), THC (total hydrocarbons), CH4 (methane) and N2O (nitrous oxide), the values of the components reach usable values only in the start-up and burnout phases, while in the stable-operation phase, their values are outside the limit of detectability. A small part of THC is only CH4; a more significant part is NMHC (non-methane hydrocarbons). The results of the developed vehicle fleet model for calculating the GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions of a vehicle fleet equipped with such a device showed that the fleet’s GHG emissions are less than 1% of the annual emissions from the combustion of transport fuel.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/en16124786

Statistical analysis of SOL fluctuations on COMPASS tokamak as measured by the Li-BES diagnostic

No authors available

Publication Name: 45th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics, EPS 2018

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: 2018-July

Issue:

Page Range: 849-852

Description:

Open Access: No

DOI: DOI not available

Atomic Beam Probe diagnostic for plasma edge current measurements at COMPASS

No authors available

Publication Name: 45th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics, EPS 2018

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: 2018-July

Issue:

Page Range: 1028-1031

Description:

Open Access: No

DOI: DOI not available