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Found 6414 publications

Particle-associated PAHs in urban and rural ambient air samples

Andrea Szabo´ Nagy János Szabo´

Publication Name: World Congress on Civil Structural and Environmental Engineering

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the concentration levels and distributions of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) between urban area of Gyor and the nearest rural area of Sarro´d (Hungary). Nineteen selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) including the 16 priority US EPA PAH compounds, 2-methylnaphthalene, benzo(j)fluoranthene and benzo(e)pyrene in PM10 aerosol samples were determined under the authority of the Government Office for Gyor-Moson-Sopron County, Environmental Protection Laboratory and seasonal distributions were examined based on long-term monitoring data. Moreover, the concentration levels of fine (PM2.5) particle-associated PAHs measured in Gyor in a heating season are also discussed. About 2 times higher Total PAHs concentrations were obtained for urban samples compared to the rural samples on average. All of the investigated PAH compounds were identified in the PM10 aerosol samples. PAHs fluctuate significantly in all years with higher means and peak concentrations in the winter and autumn compared to that of spring or summer times at both monitoring sites. Approximately 27 and 18 times higher benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) toxic equivalence quotient (TEQ) concentrations in PM10 in urban and rural sites were detected in the heating seasons, respectively. Acenaphthene and fluorene were not detected in the PM2.5 samples. The dominant PM2.5-bound PAH compounds were indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene and sum of three benzofluoranthene isomers followed by benzo(ghi)perylene and BaP. Relatively high mean TEQ concentration level were observed for PM2.5-bound PAHs in the examined heating season.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.11159/awspt18.101

Arbitrary flux waveform generation in scalar hysteresis measurement

Miklós Kuczmann

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2007-12-01

Volume: 2

Issue: 3

Page Range: 3-14

Description:

The aim of the present paper is to show a simple, but well applicable solution to generate arbitrary waveform of magnetic flux density in scalar hysteresis measurements. The paper deals with a possible realization of eliminating the effect of measurement noise as well. First, the measured signals have been transformed into the frequency domain, and after applying digital filter, the spectrum of the filtered signals have been transformed back to the time domain. The proposed technique results in an accurate noise removal algorithm. The paper illustrates a fast controlling algorithm applying the inverse of the actually measured hysteresis loop, and another proportional one to measure any distorted flux pattern. Developing the mentioned algorithms aims the controlling of a more complicated phenomenon, i.e. measuring the vector hysteresis characteristics. © 2007 Akadémiai Kiadó.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/Pollack.2.2007.3.1

Experimenting with a new population-based optimization technique: FUNgal growth inspired (FUNGI) optimizer

A. Tormási Laszlo T. Koczy

Publication Name: Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: 361

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 123-135

Description:

In this paper the experimental results of a new evolutionary algorithm are presented. The proposed method was inspired by the growth and reproduction of fungi. Experiments were executed and evaluated on discretized versions of common functions, which are used in benchmark tests of optimization techniques. The results were compared with other optimization algorithms and the directions of future research with many possible modifications/extension of the presented method are discussed.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-75408-6_11

Fuzzy signature based methods for modelling the structural condition of residential buildings

Adam Bukovics Istvan A. Harmati Laszlo T. Koczy

Publication Name: Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: 357

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 237-273

Description:

Conservation, extension or renovation of residential buildings is a task that requires intensive attention, where it must be ensured that design and construction works are carried out in proper quality. Priority is given to the proper use of the available financial resources. Incorrect assessment of renovation or reconstruction needs might cause considerable financial loss without implementing necessary interventions (which could eliminate eventual deteriorations, or hinder their reoccurrence).

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60207-3_16

The role of social capital elements: Hungarian winery networks case study

Renata Machova Arpad Branyi László Józsa

Publication Name: Actual Problems of Economics

Publication Date: 2015-01-01

Volume: 170

Issue: 8

Page Range: 100-110

Description:

The main aim of this paper is to present social capital that encourages wine-makers participate in a network and to measure how soft factors such as trust, confidence and regional identity influence network formation. To achieve these goals 8 different wine regions in Hungary are examined. The analysis conducted allows concluding that there is a positive correlation between trust, confidence, regional identity and likeliness of entering or even forming a winery network.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Human factor aspects of situation awareness in autonomous cars – an overview of psychological approaches

Győző Kurucz Gabor Kovacs Ágnes Hőgye-Nagy

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 7

Page Range: 7-24

Description:

The aim of the article is to give an overview of human factor research in psychology applicable to autonomous driving. The study is centered around situation awareness, a widely used concept in human factor research regarding the operation of automated and semi-automated systems (and communication between autonomous vehicles and humans). A proposal is put forward for structuring situation awareness requirements for autonomous driving, which could be a starting point for defining such requirements, and may foster a discussion on the issues associated with the human factor in relation to autonomous driving. Two models of human error (the SHELL model and the Swiss cheese model) are also introduced, one of which represents an integrated approach of error in situations that involve humans working with complex machinery or instruments, while the other represents a more superficial viewpoint on the multicausal nature of errors. The present overview can provide an appropriate basis for a discussion about the role of the driver in autonomous vehicles, and the place of human factor research in the emerging field of self-driving technology.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.18.7.2021.7.1

Intended benefits and challenges of cooperation between FinTechs and commercial banks

Ádám Kerényi Dóra Horváth Roland Zsolt Szabó

Publication Name: Acta Oeconomica

Publication Date: 2022-09-30

Volume: 72

Issue: 3

Page Range: 289-308

Description:

The financial industry has undergone several changes in recent years. One of these changes is the emergence of financial technology (FinTech) companies that are radically transforming the industry, posing a significant challenge to traditional commercial banks. In this study, we examined the responses of the Hungarian banks to the emergence of innovative FinTech startups and explored the benefits and barriers of the FinTech accelerator programs launched by banks. We conducted 27 semi-structured interviews with top executives of banks, FinTech startups and scaleups, investors and regulators to identify the potential benefits and barriers during the cooperation between banks and FinTechs. The most important results of our research show that during the partnership, several advantages can be gained by both parties. Still, the realization of these benefits is significantly hindered by the excessive exploitation focus of banks. Ambidextrous internal champions or suppliers of the banks are needed for successful cooperation between FinTechs and banks.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/032.2022.00023

Development in Fuzzy Logic-Based Rapid Visual Screening Method for Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings

Orsolya Kegyes-Brassai Nurullah Bektaş

Publication Name: Geosciences Switzerland

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In order to prevent possible loss of life and property, existing building stocks need to be assessed before an impending earthquake. Beyond the examination of large building stocks, rapid evaluation methods are required because the evaluation of even one building utilizing detailed vulnerability assessment methods is computationally expensive. Rapid visual screening (RVS) methods are used to screen and classify existing buildings in large building stocks in earthquake-prone zones prior to or after a catastrophic earthquake. Buildings are assessed using RVS procedures that take into consideration the distinctive features (such as irregularity, construction year, construction quality, and soil type) of each building, which each need to be considered separately. Substantially, studies have been presented to enhance conventional RVS methods in terms of truly identifying building safety levels by using computer algorithms (such as machine learning, fuzzy logic, and neural networks). This study outlines the background research that was conducted in order to establish the parameters for the development of a fuzzy logic-based soft rapid visual screening (S-RVS) method as an alternative to conventional RVS methods. In this investigation, rules, membership functions, transformation values, and defuzzification procedures were established by examining the data of 40 unreinforced masonries (URM) buildings acquired as a consequence of the 2019 Albania earthquake in order to construct a fuzzy logic-based S-RVS method.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/geosciences13010006

Modeling the Stiffening Behavior of Sand Subjected to Dynamic Loading

Majd Ahmad Richard P. Ray

Publication Name: Geosciences Switzerland

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In geotechnical engineering, dynamic soil models are used to predict soil behavior under different loading conditions. This is crucial for many dynamic geotechnical problems related to earthquakes, train loading and machine foundation design. Researchers agree that under dry or drained conditions, cohesionless soils increase in stiffness with each loading cycle. Soil models that simulate the dynamic behaviors of soils are often coupled with the Masing criteria. Such models neglect the impact of stiffening during cyclic loading, leading to an underestimation in the shear modulus (G). This study investigates the stiffening behavior by conducting laboratory tests on three types of Danube sands using the Resonant Column-Torsional Simple Shear device (RC-TOSS). The increase in the dynamic shear modulus with an increasing number of cycles is substantial, especially for samples with low density. Sometimes, the dynamic shear modulus doubles when loaded at high stress levels for more than 50 cycles. A new model is introduced to simulate the stiffening behavior of dry sand when subjected to cyclic torsional loading. Modifications are proposed for the Ramberg–Osgood and Hardin–Drnevich models and for the Masing criteria to overcome the limitations that accompany these models due to the influence of stiffening caused by repetitive loading being ignored. This model can be implemented in finite element and finite difference software to solve dynamic geotechnical problems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/geosciences14010026