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Age-Specific Responses to Immersive Virtual Reality During Pediatric Venipuncture: Evidence from Routine Clinical Practice

Péter Prukner Domonkos Tinka Márta Kovács Mohammad Milad Shafaie

Publication Name: Healthcare Switzerland

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background/Objectives: Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly used to reduce pain during pediatric needle procedures, but its effectiveness may vary by developmental stage and gender. This study evaluated whether immersive VR reduces venipuncture pain in children and adolescents and examined parent–patient agreement and gender-specific response patterns. Methods: A prospective nonrandomized clinical study was conducted within a hospital-based pediatric venipuncture service using an alternating 1:1 allocation sequence. Participants aged 4–18 years underwent venipuncture with either VR (n = 49) or standard care (n = 29). Procedural pain was measured using the Faces Pain Scale–Revised (FPS-R) with independent parent ratings. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) compared post-procedural FPS-R scores while adjusting for baseline pain. Exploratory age and gender-specific analyses were also performed. Results: VR led to a clear reduction in pain for children, even after adjusting for baseline scores (3.55 vs. 4.73; p = 0.003). Adolescents, however, reported similarly low pain in both groups (2.81 vs. 2.79; p = 0.60), and several mentioned that the PEGI 3 content felt too young for them, which likely limited how engaged they were. Among children, girls showed the most noticeable drop in pain, which matches the subgroup’s adjusted significance (p = 0.011). Parent–patient agreement was stronger in children (r ≈ 0.7–0.8) than in adolescents (r ≈ 0.4–0.5), and VR did not change this pattern. Most participants said they would choose VR again for future procedures. Conclusions: Immersive VR helped reduce venipuncture pain in children but had little effect in adolescents, underscoring the need for age-appropriate or more interactive VR content for older patients. Overall, these findings support using VR selectively as a distraction tool that fits the developmental needs of pediatric groups.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/healthcare14020173

The design of digital motivational systems for online education platform as a functional pre-test for future m-learning application integration

Istvan Biro

Publication Name: 2022 1st IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Aspects of Virtual Reality Cvr 2022

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 73-78

Description:

Today, VR is used in more and more fields (education, production, healthcare, banking, etc.). In connection with the spread of 3D VR, the number of developments aimed at displaying features on mobile devices has increased. The m-learning methodology and application development presented in the article aim to demonstrate the potential of digital motivation systems to expand people's psychological, cognitive, and social skills by developing a system of habits related to digital learning and content consumption. The article thus relates well to the philosophy of cognitive aspects of virtual reality (cVR). The goal of this research was to create and test a new theoretical model of online habit forming motivation system with available 3rd party tools.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CVR55417.2022.9967660

Which players will leave their community? Predicting guild abandonments in world of warcraft game data

Gergely Posfai Gabor Magyar Laszlo T. Koczy

Publication Name: Ifsa Scis 2017 Joint 17th World Congress of International Fuzzy Systems Association and 9th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems

Publication Date: 2017-08-30

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

World of Warcraft (WoW) is one of the most popular massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs) having more than 10 million subscribers over the world. In order to engage and retain users understanding and predicting their behavior can be very useful for game developers. An important component of WoW are so-called guilds, which are social communities whose members can act together efficiently to accomplish more difficult goals and also provide a social atmosphere in which the game might be more entertaining. In this paper, we build predictive models to forecast which of the players will leave their guild in the close future. Our best model uses fuzzy c-means clustering to capture groups of similar guilds, that serve as the basis of an ensemble model, which computes predictions for each cluster separately and combines individual predictions into one final prediction using the memberships of the fuzzy clusters. Empirical analysis on WoW game data shows that our methods convincingly outperform the only existing method in the literature. To ensure transparency and reproducibility we publish the source codes of the research and also provide a Docker image, which makes it possible for anyone who has Docker installed to reproduce all of our results with a single command.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/IFSA-SCIS.2017.8023234

Optimizing the geometry of a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) in combination with the design of a microstrip patch antenna to improve antenna efficiency

Hussein Turki Alateewe Szilvia Nagy

Publication Name: Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 1

Page Range: 5-18

Description:

The primary objective of this study is to improve the efficiency of dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) by the manipulation of their geometric and material characteristics. Two distinct cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with microstrip patch antenna designs chosen, and deliberate modifications implemented in a systematic manner to enhance crucial characteristics including gain, bandwidth, S-parameters, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and directivity. Furthermore, an investigation was conducted to assess the efficacy of incorporating additional layers into the design of the DRA to achieve increased gain and enhanced efficiency at a frequency of 28 GHz. The research encompassed the process of collecting and designing and simulating CDRA and microstrip patch antenna antennas utilizing the CST framework. The study investigates different configurations of apertures and alterations or holes in the patch geometry to improve both the gain and efficiency. A comparative analysis between both antennas was carried out utilizing performance criteria such as S-parameters, gain, directivity, bandwidth, and VSWR and efficiency. The discourse explores the progress made in the field of technology pertaining to the improvement of gain and bandwidth. This includes the utilization of high-dielectric-constant materials, modifications in resonant frequencies, and the implementation of metamaterial (MTM) cells. The CST program is utilized for conducting realistic trials and assessments. The research highlights the advantages of CDRA antennas and microstrip patch antennas, including improved radiation efficiency, smaller size, lower profile, and lightweight design. The integration of photonic crystal layers into the design of the cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) was emphasized as a noteworthy enhancement, resulting in amplified gain. The significance of considering both intrinsic characteristics and external factors, such as surface Plasmon waves, in the computational modeling of DRA antennas to achieve maximum efficiency is emphasized by the research.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.21533/pen.v12i1.3934.g1351

Statistical and fuzzy signature-based analysis of the aggressive attitudes of a forensic population

Dalia Susniene Daiva Žostautienė Ojaras Purvinis Laszlo T. Koczy

Publication Name: Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Development

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 8

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Clustering technics, like k-means and its extended version, fuzzy c-means clustering (FCM) are useful tools for identifying typical behaviours based on various attitudes and responses to well-formulated questionnaires, such as among forensic populations. As more or less standard questionnaires for analyzing aggressive attitudes do exist in the literature, the application of these clustering methods seems to be rather straightforward. Especially, fuzzy clustering may lead to new recognitions, as human behaviour and communication are full of uncertainties, which often do not have a probabilistic nature. In this paper, the cluster analysis of a closed forensic (inmate) population will be presented. The goal of this study was by applying fuzzy c-means clustering to facilitate the wider possibilities of analysis of aggressive behaviour which is treated as a heterogeneous construct resulting in two main phenotypes, premeditated and impulsive aggression. Understanding motives of aggression helps reconstruct possible events, sequences of events and scenarios related to a certain crime, and ultimately, to prevent further crimes from happening.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24294/jipd.v8i8.5727

A Linear Driver Model of Local Path Planning for Lane Driving

Erno Horváth Gergo Igneczi Krisztian Nyilas

Publication Name: Sisy 2023 IEEE 21st International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics Proceedings

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 103-108

Description:

Modern lane centering assistance systems often use the mid-lane as a reference line for tracking. However, human drivers prefer to keep an offset to the mid-lane. Therefore, we have proposed in our previous work a driver model which calculates human-like offset values and enable the path planner to plan human-like paths. The driving data of 15 drivers have been analyzed. It has been revealed that drivers behave differently in left or right curves and choose to drive on either the left or the right side in straight road sections. Therefore, we extend our model to handle these traits. We have shown that the extended model outperforms the previous symmetric model.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/SISY60376.2023.10417953

From the order of things to the rule of the masses or historical lessons on the relationship between the State and the extensions of rights

Gergely Deli

Publication Name: Rechtskultur

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 97-112

Description:

It is a common belief that democratic development involves the extension of rights. Often, a desired extension of rights is one of the main social drivers of democratic transformation. In this study, within the framework of a legal history investigation, I am looking for the answer to the question of whether all extensions of rights are necessarily democratic, and how to distinguish between different extensions of rights and to judge the social usefulness of each extension of rights more accurately? I distinguish two sub-cases of the extension of rights, the subjective and objective versions with different normative consequences. I conclude that it is worth subjecting certain extensions of rights to legal, constitutional and political-social considerations. The extension of rights is not ab ovo or absolutely good, its judgment depends on the given circumstances.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Categories of various plant biostimulants - Mode of application and shelf-life

Heino B. Papenfus Shubhpriya Gupta Vince Ördög Karel Doležal Jeffrey Norrie Wendy A. Stirk Alan T. Critchley Johannes van Staden James F. White Manoj G. Kulkarni

Publication Name: Biostimulants for Crops from Seed Germination to Plant Development A Practical Approach

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-60

Description:

A plant biostimulant is any substance or microorganism which can be applied to plants to enhance seed germination and plant growth development along with its nutritional efficiency. Plant biostimulants collectively influence: plant growth development, pollen tube development, flower and fruit set, plant pigments, shoot and root development, nutritional efficiency, yield and shelf-life of crops, rhizospheric and soil microorganisms, general soil health and plant-environment interactions. Biostimulants are derived from natural origins and can help reduce the use of chemical products and also mitigate the negative impacts of harmful chemicals in the environment. This chapter focuses on their modes of application and effects on crops and horticultural plants. It also emphasizes impacts on the shelf-life and efficiencies of commercial biostimulants, as compared to synthetic chemical products and highlights the opportunities and challenges of their market expansion.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-823048-0.00018-6

Do we have to take into account the human mistakes during traffic simulation?

Zsuzsanna Toth-Szabo Katalin Kovács

Publication Name: Ines 2007 11th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems Proceedings

Publication Date: 2007-12-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 45-49

Description:

This paper deals with an actual question of traffic modeling: the human mistakes are implicable and is it needed to involve them into a traffic model or not? The first part of the paper gives a short survey of the role of traffic simulation. The second part of the paper contains our approach and represents the first step of our method aimed at the development of a driver model applicable in the widely used simulation systems to describe practical traffic situations. ©2007 IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/INES.2007.4283670