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Found 6414 publications

Enhanced separation of maximum boiling azeotropic mixtures with extractive heterogeneous-azeotropic distillation

Andras Jozsef Toth Eniko Haaz Szabolcs Solti J. Nagy Tibor Nagy Botond Szilagyi Peter Mizsey Agnes Szanyi

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Research and Design

Publication Date: 2019-07-01

Volume: 147

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 55-62

Description:

In the separation industry the extractive heterogeneous-azeotropic distillation (EHAD) is a new and powerful innovation, that is capable of making the separation of highly non-ideal mixtures feasible and economical. In the last years there has been much attention paid to the separation of the minimum boiling homogeneous azeotropes. Although maximum boiling azeotropes are fewer in numbers than the minimum boiling ones but their separation is more complicated but it could be solved with the EHAD, too. Since EHAD is not limited to the separation of minimum boiling azeotropes, the separation of the maximum boiling azeotropes is studied in this work. Our work is motivated by industrial problems because there are such maximum boiling azeotropes in the liquid wastes of the fine chemical industry. The separation of highly non-ideal Water–Acetone–Chloroform–Methanol and Water–Ethyl Acetate–Chloroform–Ethanol quaternary mixtures are investigated and optimized in professional flowsheet simulator environment. Total Annual Costs are also determined. The purity requirement is 99.5 m/m% for Chloroform and the bottom product should be as clear as possible in water so that less liquid organic waste has to be incinerated. It is also an important merit of the EHAD that the chemicals in the distillate can be usually reused supporting sustainability. Different solutions for the separations supplemented with heat integration are examined. On the basis of the computer simulations and the experimental verification it can be concluded, the first time on the literature, that the separation efficiency of EHAD is superior also for the separation of the maximum boiling azeotrope mixtures.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.05.002

Data-Driven Identification of Gearbox Housing Structures Using Acoustic Radiation Spectra

Krisztián Horváth Krisztián Horváth Krisztián Horváth

Publication Name: International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

Publication Date: 2025-08-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 4

Page Range: 619-623

Description:

The structural design of gearbox housing, such as ribbing and wall thickness, has a significant impact on its noise radiation characteristics, especially in electric vehicle applications where tonal noise is more perceptible. This study presents a novel methodology that uses machine learning and spectral analysis to distinguish between gearbox housing types based solely on their acoustic radiation data. Frequency-domain sound pressure spectra, simulated for multiple design variants, were interpolated and analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering. The results reveal that construction types (e.g., fully ribbed, partially ribbed, or without ribs) exhibit distinct acoustic profiles. Furthermore, a Random Forest classifier achieved 88.9% accuracy in predicting structural configuration from the spectra alone. These findings demonstrate that structural design features can be inferred directly from acoustic data, offering a lightweight and geometry-free alternative to traditional NVH simulation workflows. The approach can be integrated as a lightweight plug-in in existing NVH workflows. It ingests acoustic spectra and returns a structural-stiffness label with uncertainty, supporting early-stage screening and late-phase regression checks.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14419/mnbhp030

Virtual proximity in distance education - The usage of a three-dimensional software

Petra Kecskés Julia Szoke

Publication Name: 8th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2017 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2017-07-02

Volume: 2018-January

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

From time to time new forms of communication appear in our everyday life due to the constant development of ICT. Therefore, we demonstrate how a three-dimensional visualization software can be used in higher education for students of distance education.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CogInfoCom.2017.8268291

Cognitive and spiritual revolution of the tenth century - Constantine porphyrogenitus and his hidden world: Part I. the Great Monarch's hidden world in the great medieval mystical writings

Peter Varlaki Peter Baranyi

Publication Name: 8th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2017 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2017-07-02

Volume: 2018-January

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The paper deals, through a comparative hermeneutical macro and microanalysis, identical and very similar representational and meaning systems of such great medieval mystical writings as the Book Bahir, the Targum to Song of Songs and the Royal Mirror of St Stephen of Hungary. The basis of the comparison is the hidden ('highest') presence of the spirit of the Great Monarch. The 'identified' mystical patterns are compared with the representational and meaning systems in the great medieval art-works related to Constantine Porphyrogenitus in Part II of the paper.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CogInfoCom.2017.8268293

Enhancing Safety-Critical Brake System Testing with Vector SIL over Complex Vector HIL †

János Májer Balázs István Németh Péter Panyi Félix Tivadar Nagy Denes Fodor

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Advanced vehicle technologies that substitute or assist the driver are crucial and safety-critical elements, including independently acting electronic control units. A key element of vehicle road safety is its behavior on the road, influenced by various factors such as adhesion and physical forces. Self-activating brake systems, including related sensors and processing units, are vital for modern autonomous vehicles. The complexity of software in vehicle electronic control units (ECUs) has significantly increased, making traditional testing methods inadequate. This paper explores the use of Software-in-the-Loop (SIL) and Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testing methods in an automated test environment to enhance software development and testing processes. It can be demonstrated that there is interoperability between the HIL and SIL systems using the same test case implementation in the Vector CANoe simulation environment. As a result, it can be demonstrated that in the case of a safety-critical function, such as an ABS (anti-lock brake system) control intervention, the ECU control software behaves the same in both the HIL and SIL simulation environments.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079034

Optimizing complex building renovation process with fuzzy signature state machines

Gergely Molnarka Laszlo T. Koczy

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 8835

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 573-580

Description:

In contrary to recently built office and commercial buildings, the service life of the traditional European residential houses was not calculated. Some estimations exist about the life span of different types of building constructions, however, these estimations may not reassure the owners of urban-type residential houses that were built before the second world war. A thorough and professional renovation may extend the service life of buildings by decades, the question is how to prepare the most effective renovation procedure.As a combination of the fuzzy signature structure and the principles of finite-state machine a new formal method is proposed for generating a tool for supporting the renovation planning, concerning the costs and importance of repair. With the support of information obtained from a given pre-war urban-type residential house, the available technical guides and the contractors’ billing database an optimized renovation process of the roof structure is presented as a case study.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12640-1_69

The historical role of milk and dairying in shaping European societies

László Varga

Publication Name: Elelmiszervizsgalati Kozlemenyek

Publication Date: 2017-06-30

Volume: 63

Issue: 2

Page Range: 1537-1547

Description:

Based on results recently published in the scientific literature, the author briefly outlines in this mini-review how dairying has become, over thousands of years, a basic activity of humankind. Following the domestication of cattle, goats and sheep, which had begun approximately 10,500 to 11,000 years ago in the Middle East, milk was already in use in northwestern Anatolia by the seventh millennium BC. In lack of lactase, however, milk consumption resulted in unpleasant outcomes (e.g., flatulence, cramps, diarrhea, etc.) in the vast majority of prehistoric farmers. The negative symptoms associated with lactose intolerance were later considerably alleviated by the introduction of simple milk processing techniques such as fermentation. Thus, for instance, Neolithic farming communities in north-central Poland started producing cheese between 6800 and 7400 years ago. Intriguingly, the ability to digest lactose in adulthood, termed lactase persistence (LP), emerged as a result of a genetic mutation at about the same time in central Europe, and the LP allele has been subject to strong positive selection afterwards. As the so-called gene–culture coevolutionary model suggests, the cultural evolution of dairy farming tightly entwined with the biological evolution of LP over millennia, and these processes are likely to have profoundly influenced the genetic composition of European populations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Overall imperfection method for flexure and compression steel beam-columns

Achim Rubert G. Hajdú F. Papp

Publication Name: Stahlbau

Publication Date: 2017-06-01

Volume: 86

Issue: 6

Page Range: 483-496

Description:

Overall imperfection method for flexure and compression steel beam-columns. The principles and applications of the overall (global) imperfection method (OIM) for beam-columns are presented in this paper. The buckling resistance of a beam-column member is determined by the resistance of its critical cross-section taking into account second-order effect of the eigenform equivalent initial imperfection. The maximum amplitude of this initial imperfection, in the shape of elastic buckling mode, is determined from fundamental cases, which are simply fork supported members with uniform cross-section under uniformly distributed normal force or bending moment. The standardized buckling resistance of the fundamental cases is based on theoretical and empirical background. The proposed global imperfection method is adequate for computer-aided design method using advanced elastic beam-column finite element method including the warping behavior of the cross section. The accuracy of the presented method is illustrated step-by-step with numerical examples.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/stab.201710471

OLD AND NEW CHALLENGES IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT – COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EUROPEAN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY APPROACHES TO IDENTIFYING BENEFICIARY REGIONS

Katalin Mezei Gábor Mayer

Publication Name: Deturope

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 3

Page Range: 50-74

Description:

Most European countries apply development policy solutions to help disadvantaged regions catch up and seek effective solutions for territorial cohesion. This endeavour has been strongly supported by the European Commission in both the 2013-2020 and 2021-27 programming periods and is likely to remain so in the period after 2028. This is an understandable and logical endeavour, as being 'left behind' in economic, social or geographical terms not only reinforces internal migration flows within the European Community and its Member States but also increases political discontent. A number of approaches have emerged in European countries to identify disadvantaged regions and address their problems. The differences stem partly from the different intervention intentions of individual countries and partly from their different spatial, state and public administration structures. Various development policy solutions have been devised to help disadvantaged regions catch up, taking these factors into account. In Hungary, development policy has placed greater emphasis on the catching up of regions and settlements lagging behind in terms of socio-economic development since the 1980s, but the importance of delimitation in development policy practice has increased since the country's accession to the EU, with the establishment of differentiated support resource allocation mechanisms and targeted support programmes. The methodology currently in use for designating beneficiary regions has been in place since 2014. The socioeconomic changes that have taken place since then have shifted the focus of both scientific and policy interest in recent years towards more location-specific regulatory mechanisms that measure development differences at a lower level and are more sensitive to functional links between settlements. To support efforts in the renewal of the Hungarian regional development toolkit, our study seeks to outline alternative options by analysing Italian and British development policy practices, in addition to presenting Hungarian beneficiary regions. The international examples examined, despite their limitations as presented in the study, provide examples of multi-level governance, development policies based on functional units, and methodologies for measuring development below the settlement level. Current legislation in Hungary allows for changes in this direction, but their incorporation into domestic practice is only possible after careful preparation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available