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Found 6412 publications

The impact of waste on resource and energy productivity: A circular economy perspective

Sanchita Bansal Dariusz Cichon Priya Nangia Nisha Chanaliya Liliana Śmiech

Publication Name: Journal of International Studies

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 19

Issue: 1

Page Range: 207-226

Description:

As cities continue to grow, managing the increasing amount of waste has become an important concern. The study intends to assess the effects of waste generation and treatment on total resource productivity, as well as its subset, energy productivity, in European Union (EU) countries. The research employs the Driscoll-Kraay standard errors fixed effect model using panel regression. The findings reveal that waste generation impacts negatively on overall resource productivity and energy productivity. Furthermore, waste treatment also has a negative impact on resource productivity and energy productivity. These results suggest that despite the reduction in waste volumes achieved through treatment, the process may still have a negative relationship with productivity outcomes. The paper explores the underlying reasons for these findings and evaluates the status of waste generation and treatment across EU countries. Implications suggest introducing public-private partnerships to strengthen waste treatment processes, eco-tax solutions, incentives to green organizations, penalties for environmentally harmful practices, and improved data accessibility for informed decision-making. This study evaluates waste treatment techniques in the EU, focusing on the implementation of circular economy principles to promote sustainable development, increase resource productivity, and strengthen waste management frameworks.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14254/2071-8330.2026/19-1/11

Post-pandemic pursuits: Activity preferences of rural tourists in Western Transdanubia

Roland Zsolt Szabó Csaba Kőmíves Ferenc Darabos

Publication Name: Hungarian Geographical Bulletin

Publication Date: 2024-10-01

Volume: 73

Issue: 3

Page Range: 283-301

Description:

This study examines the changing preferences of rural tourists in Western Transdanubia, Hungary, in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to uncover how rural tourism has changed and identify the new winners of the shifting demand. In 2021, we conducted a comprehensive survey with 925 participants and introduced a novel activity-based segmentation of rural tourists, revealing a strong preference for complex service packages. Practically, our findings highlight that village caterers who have strategically segmented the market have emerged as winners, successfully attracting different age groups and genders with customized packages. Cluster analysis revealed a segment of rural tourists who, without exception, were enthusiastic about diverse activities. In particular, our cross-cluster analysis points to a significant amount of potential demand among middle-aged tourists. These findings help practitioners develop a targeted product mix and marketing strategy to meet the changing demands of rural tourism.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.15201/hungeobull.73.3.5

Comprehensive Analysis of Radial- and Axial Flux Synchronous Reluctance Machines for Electric Vehicle Applications

Tibor Vajsz Csongor Horváth Richárd Csaba Kovács Vilmos Paiss Dániel Norbert Szántó István Szászi

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 1768 LNNS

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 399-420

Description:

Synchronous Reluctance Machines (SRMs) have been gaining considerable research interest recently because of the absence of the permanent magnets (no rare-earth materials), their robust construction and high partial load efficiency. Their inherently lower torque density compared to permanent magnet synchronous machines remains a challenge. However, adopting an axial flux topology could potentially improve this feature. This paper analyzes the properties of the axial flux configuration and compares them with those of the traditional radial flux topology for synchronous reluctance machines used in electric vehicles. The paper focuses on the differences in the torque-production, in the efficiency, in the torque densities and in the weight and the physical dimensions. Additionally, this paper examines the material costs for the two machine types and investigates their predicted future prices to determine the more cost-effective solution for electric vehicle applications. Simulation investigations will be carried out to examine these properties. It will be shown that the axial flux topology is an attractive alternative to the nowadays widely used radial flux one in the case of synchronous reluctance machines of electric vehicles.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-13898-9_45

Plant biostimulating effects of the cyanobacterium Nostoc piscinale on maize (Zea mays L.) in field experiments

B. Tóth A. Széles J. Nagy C. Bojtor P. Pőthe G. Takács Vince Ördög Wendy A. Stirk None Illés Johannes van Staden

Publication Name: South African Journal of Botany

Publication Date: 2021-08-01

Volume: 140

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 153-160

Description:

Biostimulants, when applied to plants in small amounts, increase crop yield and plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress. They play an important role in the development of new environmentally sustainable technologies. The aim of the current experiment was to investigate the potential of a cyanobacterium strain (Nostoc piscinale) to improve the growth, grain yield and stress tolerance of maize (Zea mays SY Zephir hybrid). Field trials were established at two sites. Freeze-dried biomass of N. piscinale resuspended in tap water (1g/L DW) was applied as a single foliar treatment (400 L/ha) at the V6-V7 phenological stage. Number of leaves, chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC%) and free proline content were measured weekly. Grain yield, yield components and grain protein content were measured at harvest. N. piscinale treated maize had significantly earlier development in the vegetative growth stages with a higher number of leaves. Chlorophyll content (SPAD value) was significantly higher in the treated plants during the reproductive stages. There was little difference in the RWC and proline content compared to control plants. Faster vegetative growth and higher chlorophyll content in the cyanobacterium treated plants meant great photosynthetic light absorption over a longer period of time, resulting in significantly higher grain yield (6.5% and 11.5% at the two production sites) and increased grain protein content. Grain yield was significantly influenced by cob length and thousand grain weight. In conclusion, it was proved in field trials conducted in two different regions in Hungary that a single foliar application of a cyanobacterium-based biostimulant can contribute to crop production in a sustainable and environmentally friendly manner.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2021.03.026

Performance parameters and stress sensitivity of bitumen at high temperature

Kálmán Adorjányi Peter Fuleki

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2012-07-01

Volume: 7

Issue: 2

Page Range: 109-116

Description:

Permanent deformation in the form of rutting is the most frequently occurring defect of asphalt pavements. This paper gives a short overview of bitumen performance parameters used for characterization of resistance against permanent deformation in the USA and Europe. Investigation of relationships between rheological parameters measured with dynamic shear rheometer using different test modes is presented. The test program consisted of measuring of performance parameters of paving grade, hard, polymer modified and rubber bitumen binders. They were tested in the linear viscoelastic range and beyond. Correlations between complex shear modulus, combined with phase angle, complex viscosity, stress sensitivity, and zero-shear viscosity are given. However, the correspondence of binder parameters with relevant performance parameters of asphalt mixes have to be further investigated.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/Pollack.7.2012.2.10

Multiphysics Modeling and Simulation of NVH Phenomena in Electric Vehicle Powertrains

Krisztián Horváth

Publication Name: World Electric Vehicle Journal

Publication Date: 2026-04-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The rapid electrification of road vehicles has fundamentally reshaped the priorities of noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) engineering. In the absence of combustion-related broadband masking, tonal and order-related phenomena originating from the electric machine, inverter switching, and high-speed reduction gearing have become clearly perceptible and, in many cases, acoustically dominant. Consequently, drivetrain noise in electric vehicles can no longer be assessed at component level alone; it must be understood as a coupled system response shaped by excitation mechanisms, structural dynamics, transfer paths, radiation efficiency, and ultimately human perception. This review adopts a source-to-perception perspective and consolidates the principal physical mechanisms governing vibro-acoustic behavior in integrated electric drive units. Electromagnetic force harmonics and torque ripple are discussed alongside transmission-error-driven gear mesh excitation, while bearing and shaft nonlinearities are examined in the context of high-speed operation. In addition, ancillary thermoacoustic and aerodynamic contributions are considered, reflecting the increasingly integrated packaging of modern e-axle architectures. On this mechanism-oriented basis, dominant excitation types are linked to frequency-appropriate modeling strategies, spanning electromagnetic force extraction, multibody drivetrain simulation, structural finite element analysis, transfer path analysis, and acoustic radiation prediction. Particular attention is given to workflow integration across domains. Finally, the paper identifies research challenges that predominantly arise at system level, including multi-source interaction effects, installation-dependent transfer-path variability, emergent resonances in assembled structures, manufacturing-induced tonal artifacts, and the still limited correlation between predicted vibration fields and perceived sound quality.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/wevj17040183

Remarks on the genus Phymatodiscus Berlese, 1917, with the description of Phymatodiscidae fam. nov. and Bardizon eotvosi gen. nov., sp. nov. from Indonesia (Acari, Mesostigmata)

Sergey G. Ermilov Jenő Kontschán

Publication Name: Zookeys

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 1182

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 223-235

Description:

Phymatodiscidae fam. nov. is diagnosed, with Phymatodiscus as the type genus. A new genus, Bardizon gen. nov., with Bardizon eotvosi sp. nov. (from Indonesia) as the type species, is erected to accommodate the Phymatodiscus species with an eye-like dorsal depression. Six Phymatodiscus species are reclassified as Bardizon: B. aokii (Hiramatsu, 1985), comb. nov., B. haradai (Hiramatsu, 1985), comb. nov., B. oculatus (Hirschmann, 1977), comb. nov., B. kuni (Kontschán & Starý, 2011), comb. nov., B. insolitus (Kontschán & Ripka, 2016), comb. nov., and B. malayicus (Kontschán & Starý, 2012), comb. nov. The new species differs from the previously described congeners in the sculptural pattern, the shapes of the dorsal and ventral setae, and the sculptural pattern of the sternal shield of the male and the genital shield of the female. A list of all known phymatodiscid species is presented. Phymatodiscus titanicus (Berlese, 1905) is moved to the genus Bostocktrachys: B. titanicus (Berlese, 1905), comb. nov. (family Trachyuropodidae).

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1182.109744

Evaluation and technological solutions for a dynamic, unified cloud programming development environment : Ease of use and applicable system for uniformized practices and assessments

Jozsef Cserko Karl Eva Gyorgy Molnar

Publication Name: 2023 IEEE 21st World Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics Sami 2023 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 237-240

Description:

The dynamic development and change of the world also result in the modernization of teacher-student relationships. In the training, educational processes must be planned with innovative strategies that meet the increasingly changing needs of students, which today go beyond the traditional classroom and methodological frameworks. In this article, we present a technological solution to support the renewal efforts in the education world that, on the one hand, takes advantage of the benefits of cloud-based services, and on the other hand, ensures that students can acquire the material of a given course in a unified, stable environment. The isolated environment offered by the virtual space guarantees private work sessions, and multi-project activities can also be handled more easily and uniformly. The analysis of the teaching program presented below provides insight into the practical and appropriate solutions offered by the containerization process. In addition to these, the topic will also cover the widely used and popular Docker application that supports the implementation of the process, as well as the NodeJS environment closely related to the project.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/SAMI58000.2023.10044519

Introduction to queueing systems with telecommunication applications

László Lakatos Lászlõ Szeidl Miklós Telek

Publication Name: Introduction to Queueing Systems with Telecommunication Applications

Publication Date: 2013-11-01

Volume: 9781461453178

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-385

Description:

The book is composed of two main parts: mathematical background and queueing systems with applications. The mathematical background is a self containing introduction to the stochastic processes of the later studies queueing systems. It starts with a quick introduction to probability theory and stochastic processes and continues with chapters on Markov chains and regenerative processes. More recent advances of queueing systems are based on phase type distributions, Markov arrival processes and quasy birth death processes, which are introduced in the last chapter of the first part. The second part is devoted to queueing models and their applications. After the introduction of the basic Markovian (from M/M/1 to M/M/1//N) and non-Markovian (M/G/1, G/M/1) queueing systems, a chapter presents the analysis of queues with phase type distributions, Markov arrival processes (from PH/M/1 to MAP/PH/1/K). The next chapter presents the classical queueing network results and the rest of this part is devoted to the application examples. There are queueing models for bandwidth charing with different traffic classes, slotted multiplexers, ATM switches, media access protocols like Aloha and IEEE 802.11b, priority systems and retrial systems. An appendix supplements the technical content with Laplace and z transformation rules, Bessel functions and a list of notations. The book contains examples and exercises throughout and could be used for graduate students in engineering, mathematics and sciences.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-5317-8