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The nexus between agricultural land use, urbanization, and greenhouse gas emissions: Novel implications from different stages of income levels

Giovanni Cerulli Cosimo Magazzino Salahuddin Khan Umer Shahzad

Publication Name: Atmospheric Pollution Research

Publication Date: 2023-09-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 9

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The current study establishes theoretical and empirical linkages among urbanization, economic growth, land use, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The prime objective of this article is to draw novel conclusions and policies for the different income levels of countries regarding the urbanization and agriculture sector land on environmental pollution. Employing panel data of 50 countries for the period 1990 to 2019, this study uses the lasso regression and non-parametric regression panel data methods to investigate the impacts of land use (arable, permanent pastures, and cropland), urbanization growth, and economic progress on the pollution levels. After estimating a Lasso regression to find the best auto-regressive predictive specification, we used an auto-regressive partially linear regression where each of the drivers’ effects was modelled non-parametrically. The elasticity effect of the urban population on emissions is significantly positive and sizable. In addition, the effect distribution shows a non-negligible share of observations with an elasticity higher than one. Urban population growth is a serious threat to climate change, as it seems to increase sharply CO2 emissions (although with an elasticity pace smaller than one). The elasticity effect of GDP is significantly negative, which implies that the scale of production, by triggering efficiency, can have a positive effect on emissions reduction. The results argue that agglomeration negative effects put in place by larger urban population can partly explain this finding. Overall, the study argues that urbanization growth and economic activities lead to GHG emissions, whereas the study also discusses novel implications and the role of agricultural land use apropos Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The empirical findings allow us to draw novel conclusions and guidelines in line with SDGs. The agricultural reforms might include irrigation and farming techniques such as spin farming, solar tube wells, tunnel farming, technology use agreements, plant double helix, etc.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2023.101846

Overcoming emotional barriers for tacit knowledge sharing

Viktoria Magyar-Stifter

Publication Name: Proceedings of the European Conference on Knowledge Management Eckm

Publication Date: 2017-01-01

Volume: 2

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 617-623

Description:

I concluded from previous exploratory research that there is currently no company in Hungary that has not heard of knowledge management. In fact, many are able to isolate tacit and explicit knowledge, while consciously seeking to share only the latter. Answers to questions regarding objections to sharing tacit knowledge are that there is no time for it, not enough money for it, or the classic "the employees are all just gossip, if there are more of them" response. There are a wide range of barriers to knowledge transfer in the literature as explanations as to why the transfer of tacit knowledge is not encouraged, in addition to "our organisation is not ready for knowledge sharing". However, what is overlooked is that one of the conditions for success during knowledge sharing is a human factor: staff attitude. After all, the sharing of tacit knowledge is voluntary in most cases and thus stems from the intrinsic motivation of participants. The organisation is able to influence employees to have a positive attitude about knowledge transfer and motivate them to satisfy higher order needs. If an organisation intends to increase employee satisfaction, they can promote cooperation and team tasks and communicate a clear vision, that is, emotional intelligence. In this paper, I deal only with the latter in detail. What kind of individual and group capabilities should companies have to build their competitive advantage based on the knowledge of individuals? What is more, I wish to project that companies need to operate more successfully. How can company's employees' satisfaction, positive attitude, and work efficiency be increased for better performance. How can emotional intelligence be improved for more success? To answer these questions, I intend to examine the emotional competences of companies in North Transdanubia with empiric, quantitative and qualitative methods, a basket of typical competences that are characteristic of emotionally intelligent companies, and its effect on a company's knowledge transfer processes. I intend to prove the relationship of factors involved in the design of corporate emotional intelligence by investigating hypotheses and then placing the established model within the known family of emotional intelligence models. Finally, I will also investigate the knowledge transfer processes of emotionally intelligent companies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Cost-efficient localisation system for agricultural use cases

Sébastien Aubin Olivier Camp Gábor Paller Gábor Élo

Publication Name: Sensornets 2017 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Sensor Networks

Publication Date: 2017-01-01

Volume: 2017-January

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 142-149

Description:

Connected agricultural applications often depend on exact localisation solutions. Often the term “precision agriculture” implies a technology that identifies the location of the livestock, crop, field of agricultural machinery with more or less of precision. While precision requirements vary, the localisation often has to be quite precise like sub-meter or even decimeter precision. Dual-band GPS solutions are able to satisfy these high-precision requirements but these equipments are quite costly and their purchase is often regulated. This paper presents two agricultural use cases and the combination of low-cost GPS and short-range localisation systems that are able to satisfy high-precision requirements for fraction of the costs of dual-band GPS.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5220/0006137501420149

Dem modeling of crushable grain material under different loading conditions

Majid Movahedi Rad M. Amine Benmebarek

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering

Publication Date: 2021-07-13

Volume: 65

Issue: 3

Page Range: 935-945

Description:

This paper deals with the effect of contact conditions on the crushing mechanisms and the strength of granular materials. The computation of crushable grain material under different loading conditions is performed using 3D model of discrete element method (DEM). The crushable macro-grain is generated from a large number of identical spherical micro-grains which are connected according to the bonded particle model. First, the parameters of the proposed DEM model are calibrated to match the force-displacement curve obtained from Brazilian Tests performed on cylinders made of artificially crushable material. The damage profile right at the point when the force-displacement curve reaches its maximum is seen to replicate the same crack patterns observed in Brazilian test experiments. Then, parametric investigations are performed by varying the coordination number, the contact location distribution, and the contact area. The results show that these parameters play a significant role in determining the critical contact force and fracture mechanism of crushable particles compared to a traditional macro-grain crushing test. Increasing distribution and coordination number of the macro-grain increases particle strength when large area contact is permitted. However, for linear contact area, the effect of increasing coordination number on particle strength is marginal.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPci.17948

The role of purpose in life as reflected in the indicators of body composition, fitness and quality of life in women working in the social sector

József Bognár Csaba András Dézsi Zsolt Szakály Zoltán Tánczos

Publication Name: Orvosi Hetilap

Publication Date: 2021-07-01

Volume: 62

Issue: 27

Page Range: 1089-1098

Description:

Introduction: Professionals working in the social sector typically do significant overwork in rather unfavourable working conditions. Although the purpose in life is proved to determine the areas of career, health awareness, and the quality of life, the latter has not yet been confirmed among social workers. Objective: The purpose of this research is to demonstrate body composition and fitness status as well as the quality of life of female employees (n = 127) at a social institution, furthermore the decisive role purpose of life plays in these indicators. Method: Data were collected through questionnaires, tests, body composition analyses, and fitness status tests, and were assessed by t-test, analysis of variance and regression analysis. Results: Body composition of the participants indicates a generally overweight status, while fitness status, quality of life, and purpose of life are within the acceptable range, however, all with notable range values. Those with a higher-level purpose of life demonstrate better fitness indicators and higher quality of life. In terms of body composition, fitness, and quality of life, only a minor difference was found between those who do intellectual and physical type of work. Those who took sick leave demonstrated a lower level of fitness and quality of life compared to those who did not take any sick leave. Body composition and fitness status have proven to deteriorate with age. Conclusion: Previous research findings can be confirmed by stating that neither the body composition and fitness indicators, nor the quality-of-life level of social workers are optimal. The determining role of purpose in life has been proven in substantial aspects in this study. One of the focus areas of enhancing purpose in life is the workplace, where major positive impacts can be achieved in terms of the physical and mental health, well-being, and work performance.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/650.2021.32106

Hungary: Unsystematic and Incoherent Borrowing of Law. The Use of Foreign Judicial Precedents in the Jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, 1999–2010

Zoltán Szente

Publication Name: Use of Foreign Precedents by Constitutional Judges

Publication Date: 2013-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 253-272

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Selection of Engine Oils with Tribological Examinations Applicable to Specially Operated Diesel Engines

L. Földi Rajmund Kuti D. Tóth L. Csapó F. Könczöl Cs Papp

Publication Name: Fme Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 52

Issue: 2

Page Range: 335-342

Description:

In recent times, many specially engineered diesel engines built in the 1980s are still used in different areas, for which the suggested engine oils are no longer available. These engines are operated reliably in military combat vehicles, electricity generators, and tracked machinery, thus it is essential to examine what engine oils are suitable for their operating conditions and may be used as their engine oil. The aim of our research is to conduct the tribological examination of an oil sample taken from a V-6M type naturally aspirated Diesel engine and the oil prescribed by the manufacturer. After evaluating the results, we determine which type of oil is applicable in the engine to achieve safe operation and a long lifetime.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5937/fme2402335K

Modelling twofold uncertainty in the condition assessment of residential buildings using interval valued fuzzy signatures

Adam Bukovics Istvan A. Harmati Laszlo T. Koczy

Publication Name: 2016 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence Ssci 2016

Publication Date: 2017-02-09

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In this study we will describe an intervention decision-support method related to residential buildings, which is modelling the condition of buildings based on linguistic expert opinions so that it is capable of taking into consideration the uncertainties included in the expert opinions. Fuzzy signature-based model is used, wherein the uncertainties are integrated into the system by applying interval valued fuzzy sets, as well as linguistic hedges. The result will be a fuzzy set for each building, describing the condition of the whole building, specify the bourdary values between which the condition of the building may fall.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/SSCI.2016.7849994

Jung and Pauli's modelling of psyche and nature concerning the aquarius myth part I: On the last chapter of the Pauli-Jung collaboration

Peter Varlaki Peter Baranyi

Publication Name: 7th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2016 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2017-01-03

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 469-484

Description:

In the paper we intend to show in detail how the issue of the transition from the 'Pisces' into the so-called 'Aquarius' 'World age' moves through the world view of the two major minds', Wolfgang Pauli and Carl G. Jung's world view of special scientific interpreting 'Psyche and Nature' through the reinterpreted symbols of astrology in a 'synchronistic way' in particular from the point of view of their last years 'cooperation' of not entirely conflict-free. As far as is possible, we touch the issues of their early dreams and symbolic interpretations related to the zodiac and age of the Aquarius.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CogInfoCom.2016.7804591