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Found 6674 publications
Improving Flash Flood Hydrodynamic Simulations by Integrating Leaf Litter and Interception Processes in Steep-Sloped Natural Watersheds
Publication Name: Water Switzerland
Publication Date: 2024-03-01
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
More frequent high-intensity, short-duration rainfall events increase the risk of flash floods on steeply sloped watersheds. Where measured data are unavailable, numerical models emerge as valuable tools for predicting flash floods. Recent applications of various hydrological and hydrodynamic models to predict overland flow have highlighted the need for improved representations of the complex flow processes that are inherent in flash floods. This study aimed to identify an optimal modeling approach for characterizing leaf litter losses during flash floods. At a gauged watershed in the Hidegvíz Valley in Hungary, a physical-based model was calibrated using two distinct rainfall–runoff events. Two modeling methodologies were implemented, integrating canopy interception and leaf litter storage, to understand their contributions during flash flood events. The results from the model’s calibration demonstrated this approach’s effectiveness in determining the impact of leaf litter on steep-sloped watersheds. Soil parameters can estimate the behavior of leaf litter during flash flood events. In this study, hydraulic conductivity and initial water content emerged as critical factors for effective parametrization. The findings underscore the potential of a hydrodynamic model to explore the relationship between leaf litter and flash flood events, providing a framework for future studies in watershed management and risk-mitigation strategies.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/w16050750
Functional Outcome and Safety of Endoscopic Treatment Options for Benign Prostatic Obstruction (BPO) in Patients ≥ 75 Years of Age
Publication Name: Journal of Clinical Medicine
Publication Date: 2024-03-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Background: The selection of suitable patients for the surgical treatment of benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) is a challenge in persons ≥75 years of age. Methods: After a systematic literature search of PubMed, 22 articles were included in this review. Clinical and functional parameters were evaluated statistically. Results: The mean age of the patients was ≥79 years. The mean duration of postoperative catheterization ranged between 2 (d) (ThuLEP, thulium laser enucleation of the prostate) and 4.4 days (TURP, transurethral resection of the prostate). Complication rates ranged between 6% (HoLAP, holmium laser ablation of the prostate) and 34% (PVP, photoselective vaporization of the prostate); the maximum rate of severe complications was 4% (TURP). The mean postoperative maximal urinary flow (Qmax) in mL/sec. ranged between 12.9 mL/sec. (HoLAP) and 19.8 mL/sec (Hol-TUIP, holmium laser transurethral incision of the prostate). The mean quality of life (QoL) score fell from 4.7 ± 0.9 to 1.8 ± 0.7 (HoLEP), from 4.1 ± 0.4 to 1.9 ± 0.8 (PVP), from 5.1 ± 0.2 to 2.1 ± 0.2 (TURP), and from 4 to 1 (ThuVEP, thulium laser vapoenucleation of the prostate). Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) revealed a positive linear correlation between age and inferior functional outcome (higher postoperative International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) [r = 0.4175]), higher overall complication rates (r = 0.5432), and blood transfusions (r = 0.4474) across all surgical techniques. Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides the summary estimates for perioperative and postoperative functional outcome and safety of endoscopic treatment options for BPO in patients ≥ 75 years of age. Of particular importance is that all surgical techniques significantly improve the postoperative quality of life of patients in this age group compared to their preoperative quality of life.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13061561
Precision agricultural technology for advanced monitoring of maize yield under different fertilization and irrigation regimes: A case study in Eastern Hungary (Debrecen)
Publication Name: Journal of Agriculture and Food Research
Publication Date: 2024-03-01
Volume: 15
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Precision agricultural (PrA) technology relies on the utilization of special equipment to access real time observations on plant health status, chlorophyll, nitrogen content, and soil moisture content. In this research new PrA technology (i.e., SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development), and UAV-based NDVI (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) were used to monitor maize yield based on different filed trials in eastern part of Hungary. Our study aimed to examine the utilization of PrA technology specifically SPAD and UAV-based NDVI measurements for monitoring maize GY under irrigated and rainfed experimental setups in Hungary with varied nitrogen treatment for the year 2022. The results showed that the SPAD increased in all treatments (14.7 %; p < 0.05) from V6–V8 in the rainfed treatments, decreased significantly (p < 0.05) by 13.9 % (R1) and 30.6 % (R3). However, implementation of irrigation significantly increased the SPAD values in majority of treatments. Also, results reveal that, under irrigated and rainfed conditions the highest UAV-based NDVI value (0.703, 0.642) was obtained in V12 (A120 treatment) and highest NDVI value (0.728, 0.662) was obtained in Vn (A120 treatment). Remarekedly, irrigation led to significant differences (p < 0.05) of UAV-based NDVI values compared with none irrigated. On the other hand, implementation of 120 kg N ha−1 before sowing led to highest GY, especially under irrigated conditions (8.649 Mg ha−1). The overall mean GY under rainfed treatment was 6.256 Mg ha−1, while under irrigated treatment it increased by 37.2 % and reached 8.581 Mg ha−1 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, PrA technology will support farmers in making informed decisions regarding fertilization strategies and timing, which will in turn maximize yield and minimize risk.
Open Access: Yes
HPLC and direct photothermal techniques for quantification of β-carotene in sea buckthorn juices
Publication Name: European Journal of Horticultural Science
Publication Date: 2021-01-01
Volume: 86
Issue: 5
Page Range: 493-498
Description:
The analytical performance of the proposed laser-based photoacoustic spectroscopy (LBPAS) and optothermal window (OW) method for quantification of β-carotene content in sea buckthorn juices is compared to that of the conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Both photothermal techniques (laser-based photoacoustic spectroscopy (LBPAS) and optothermal window (OW)) are direct methods that unlike HPLC obviate the need for the extraction of the analyte. The outcome of the study leads to the conclusion that LBPAS and OW are both suitable for quick screening of ß-carotene in sea buckthorn juices. The β-carotene content of the samples changed due to the added sea buckthorn pomace and storage time. The correlation between the two methods and HPLC is linear with R2=0.9897 for LBPAS and R2=0.9928 for OW, respectively. Both methods are capable of the rapid and non-destructive determination of β-carotene in sea buckthorn juices without a need for sample pre-treatment.
Open Access: Yes
Artificial neural network for modeling and investigating the effects of forming tool characteristics on the accuracy and formability of thin aluminum alloy blanks when using SPIF
Publication Name: International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
Publication Date: 2021-06-01
Volume: 114
Issue: 9-10
Page Range: 2591-2615
Description:
Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) has attracted attention due to its flexibility as far as its forming process and complexity in the deformation mode are concerned. Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) is one of the major types of ISF, which also constitutes the simplest type of ISF. If sufficient quality and accuracy without defects are desired, for the production of an ISF component, optimal parameters of the ISF process should be selected. In order to do that, an initial prediction of formability and geometric accuracy helps researchers select proper parameters when forming components using SPIF. In this process, selected parameters are tool materials and shapes. As evidenced by earlier studies, multiple forming tests with different process parameters have been conducted to experimentally explore such parameters when using SPIF. With regard to the range of these parameters, in the scope of this study, the influence of tool material, tool shape, tool-end corner radius, and tool surface roughness (Ra/Rz) were investigated experimentally on SPIF components: the studied factors include the formability and geometric accuracy of formed parts. In order to produce a well-established study, an appropriate modeling tool was needed. To this end, with the help of adopting the data collected from 108 components formed with the help of SPIF, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used to explore and determine proper materials and the geometry of forming tools: thus, ANN was applied to predict the formability and geometric accuracy as output. Process parameters were used as input data for the created ANN relying on actual values obtained from experimental components. In addition, an analytical equation was generated for each output based on the extracted weight and bias of the best network prediction. Compared to the experimental approach, analytical equations enable the researcher to estimate parameter values within a relatively short time and in a practicable way. Also, an estimate of Relative Importance (RI) of SPIF parameters (generated with the help of the partitioning weight method) concerning the expected output is also presented in the study. One of the key findings is that tool characteristics play an essential role in all predictions and fundamentally impact the final products.
Open Access: Yes
An Improved IEHO Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control Algorithm for Trajectory Tracking of a Mobile Robot
Publication Name: Studies in Informatics and Control
Publication Date: 2024-03-01
Volume: 33
Issue: 1
Page Range: 49-60
Description:
In recent years, trajectory tracking of a mobile robot has been one of the most addressed problems in the specilized literature, as a mobile robot must have the ability to follow a trajectory, while also compensating various external and internal disturbances. This paper proposes an IEHO-STSM controller based on the super-twisting sliding mode for the path tracking of a mobile robot. First, a new improved IEHO algorithm has been developed and introduced, based on the EHO (Elephant Herding Optimization) metaheuristic algorithm. The developed algorithm consisted in improving the performance of the basic EHO such as convergence speed, exploration and exploitation capabilities. Then, based on a dynamic model of the mobile robot, a super-twisting sliding mode (STSM) controller was designed to guide the robot to the desired trajectory. Finally, the improved IEHO algorithm was applied for adjusting the parameters of the super-twisting sliding mode (STSM) controller. The analysis of the proposed IEHO algorithm has been done by comparing it with EHO, PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) and GWO (Grey Wolf Optimizer) algorithms, by employing it in tuning the STSM. The simulation results show that the proposed IEHO-STSM can reach both high precision and high speed capability, by overcoming external and internal disturbances.
Open Access: Yes
Influence of Torsional Stiffness in Badminton Footwear on Lower Limb Biomechanics
Publication Name: Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
Publication Date: 2024-03-01
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page Range: 196-208
Description:
Torsional stiffness of athletic footwear plays a crucial role in pre-venting injury and improving sports performance. Yet, there is a lack of research focused on the biomechanical effect of torsional stiffness in badminton shoes. This study aimed to comprehen-sively investigate the influence of three different levels of torsional stiffness in badminton shoes on biomechanical character-istics, sports performance, and injury risk in badminton players. Fifteen male players, aged 22.8 ± 1.96 years, participated in the study, performing badminton-specific tasks, including forehand clear stroke [left foot (FCL) and right foot (FCR)], 45-degree sidestep cutting (45C), and consecutive vertical jumps (CVJ). The tasks were conducted wearing badminton shoes of torsional stiffness measured with Shore D hardness 50, 60, and 70 (referred to as 50D, 60D, and 70D, respectively). The primary biomechanical parameters included ankle, knee, and MTP joint kinematics, ankle and knee joint moments, peak ground reaction forces, joint range of motion (ROM), and stance time. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was employed for normally distributed data and Fried-man tests for non-normally distributed data. The 70D shoe exhib-ited the highest ankle dorsiflexion and lowest ankle inversion peak angles during 45C task. The 60D shoe showed significantly lower knee abduction angle and coronal motions compared to the 50D and 70D shoes. Increased torsional stiffness reduced stance time in the FCR task. No significant differences were observed in anterior-posterior and medial-lateral ground reaction forces (GRF). However, the 70D shoe demonstrated higher vertical GRF than the 50D shoe while performing the FCR task, particularly during 70%-75% of stance. Findings from this study revealed the significant role of torsional stiffness in reducing injury risk and optimizing performance during badminton tasks, indicating that shoes with an intermediate level of stiffness (60D) could provide a beneficial balance between flexibility and stability. These findings may provide practical references in guiding future badminton shoe research and development. Further research is nec-essary to explore the long-term effects of altering stiffness, con-sidering factors such as athletic levels and foot morphology, to understand of the influence of torsional stiffness on motion bio-mechanics and injury prevalence in badminton-specific tasks.
Open Access: Yes
On wavelet based modeling of radio frequency circuits, parts and electromagnetic fiels
Publication Name: 2010 11th International Workshop on Symbolic and Numerical Methods Modeling and Applications to Circuit Design Sm2acd 2010
Publication Date: 2010-12-01
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Multiresolution or wavelet analysis is widely used in advanced data compression algorithms, and some approaches applied this technique in describing electromagnetic fields. The main goal of the application of MRA is its flexibility, i.e., since the details of the electromagnetic field are not distributed equally over different parts of the system, thus locally different resolution level can be applied. Wavelet based adaptive solution possibilities of differential equations of electromagnetic field are investigated in the followings. The adaptivity of the method means in this case, that the refinement level of the solution can be increased locally, if the accuracy needs it, during the calculations. ©2010 IEEE.
Open Access: Yes
Fertilizer Innovation and Practice in Sustainable Intensified Agriculture
Publication Name: Agronomy
Publication Date: 2026-06-01
Volume: 16
Issue: 12
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
No description provided
Open Access: Yes
