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Found 6407 publications

Opportunities for analysing digitalisation in the context of banking services in the European Union, 2017–2018

Tamás Vinkóczi Kovács Gábor

Publication Name: Teruleti Statisztika

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 62

Issue: 1

Page Range: 35-58

Description:

Nowadays, the development of the digital economy is gaining ground, changing consumer expectations through the opportunities offered by the internet and ICT, and requiring continuous improvements from financial service providers. The aim of this paper is to examine the regional dimension of banking services analyses by comparing the financial digital modernisation clusters and rankings of EU Member States with the traditionally accepted overall digital development analyses. After describing the impact of digitalisation on financial geography, the paper presents the European Union's (EU) digital transformation efforts and the financial relevance of digitalisation, as well as the major past changes and the current situation of the financial intermediation system. The findings of the empirical analysis show that the clustering of the EU28 Member States based on their overall digital development shows a partial correspondence with the results of studies focusing on digital banking services. The research confirms the advantages of the Northern European countries in digitalisation, but also reveals the divergent nature of the Western and Eastern Member States.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.15196/TS620102

Minorities and the free press in Hungary after 1867

MihÁly RÉvÉsz

Publication Name: Parliaments Estates and Representation

Publication Date: 2003-01-01

Volume: 23

Issue: 1

Page Range: 123-130

Description:

The study analyses the status and the standard of freedom of the press in Hungary in the first decade of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Special attention is paid to libel cases against nationality papers attacking the government in Pest. The author's main purpose is to discuss the limits on the freedom of the press drawn by criminal law, and in addition, to examine the accusations against the oppositional papers and the court practices involved. As a result, the study emphasizes that the picture of ‘the press under a state of siege’ could hardly be verified from the criminal procedures examined. The author does not, however, paint an idealized picture of the freedom of the press. The government in Pest was biased against the nationality papers. Yet even so, in the first ten years of Dualism juries adjusted the official criminal law policy by acquittals of authors and editors. The prosecuting magistracy therefore accepted the independence of the jury and the unreliability of the lay judges, and often withstood the demands of government departments. The members of the government of Hungary accepted the practice instituted by the prosecuting magistracy and ‘instead of strict laws and even more strict courts’ they gave up trying to rule the press by means of the criminal law. The first half of the 1870s thus became a period of a free press, indicating to what extent the parliamentary system and its government in Dualism could ‘practise liberalism without risking its own existence’. © 2003, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/02606755.2003.9522171

Evaluation of SLAM Methods for Small-Scale Autonomous Racing Vehicles †

Rudolf Krecht Barham Jeries Barham Farraj Abdelrahman Alabdallah

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 113

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is a critical component of autonomous navigation, enabling mobile robots to construct maps while estimating their location. In this study, we compare the performance of SLAM Toolbox and Cartographer, two widely used 2D SLAM methods, by evaluating their ability to generate accurate maps for autonomous racing applications. The evaluation was conducted using real-world data collected from a RoboRacer vehicle equipped with a 2D laser scanner and capable of providing odometry, operating on a small test track. Both SLAM methods were tested offline. The resulting occupancy grid maps were analyzed using quantitative metrics and visualization tools to assess their quality and consistency. The evaluation was performed against ground truth data derived from an undistorted photograph of the racetrack.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2025113009

Modelling and Sensitivity Analysis of Nonlinear Firefighting Systems Using Maple

F. Hajdu Rajmund Kuti G. Y. Molnarka

Publication Name: Communications in Computer and Information Science

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 1414

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 234-251

Description:

Mathematical modelling and numerical simulations have greatly contributed to the development of technical sciences in the recent decades. With powerful tools, like Maple, the examination of ever newer engineering applications in simulation environment was made possible. This paper gives an overview of mathematical modelling and numerical examination of nonlinear fire truck suspension systems using Maple. The examined models are the suspension system of a heavy-duty fire truck with different degrees of freedom and a special double-cabin fire truck suspension system with a crew compartment. The construction of mathematical models, their implementation to Maple and the numerical simulation results are explained. Detailed One-at-a-Time sensitivity analysis results using a novel fuzzy logic based evaluation method developed in Maple are also presented. With the proposed method an extended parameter range can be examined and the parameters can be easily compared. From the sensitivity analysis it was concluded that the spring characteristics and the road models greatly affect simulation results.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-81698-8_16

THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON THE EUROPEAN LABOUR MARKET-POLARISATION, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Balázs Fábián

Publication Name: Studia Iuridica Cassoviensia

Publication Date: 2025-12-19

Volume: 13

Issue: Special Issue

Page Range: 20-35

Description:

The rapid development and diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) is having a major impact on the European labour market, transforming employment structures, skills, and ways of working. This technological revolution is both a challenge and an opportunity for workers, companies, and policy makers. This research is about to focus on the sectors, the depth, and the ethical use of AI, and will explore the labour law issues of new forms of employment generated by AI (e.g. platform work).Overall, the integration of AI into the labour market presents both opportunities and risks that require initiative-taking policy responses, ongoing research, and collaboration between governments, businesses, and social partners. By addressing the legal, social, and ethical implications of AI-driven work, Europe can harness the benefits of technological advancement while safeguarding workers' rights and promoting a more inclusive labour market.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.33542/SIC2025-S-02

Examination of Concrete Canvas under Quasi-Realistic Loading by Computed Tomography

Szabolcs Fischer Imre Fekete Szabolcs Szalai Mykola Sysyn Dmytro Kurhan Majid Movahedi Rad Dániel Harrach B. Eller Gusztáv Baranyai

Publication Name: Infrastructures

Publication Date: 2023-02-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The current paper concerns the investigation of CC (Concrete Canvas), a unique building material from the GCCM (geosynthetic cementitious composite mat) product group. The material is suitable for trench lining, trench paving, or even military construction activities, while the authors’ purpose is to investigate the application of the material to road and railway substructure improvement. This research was carried out to verify the material’s suitability for transport infrastructure and its beneficial effects. The authors’ previous study reported that the primary measurements were puncture, compression, and the parameters evaluated in four-point bending (laboratory) tests. However, based on the results, finite element modeling was not feasible because the testing of the composite material in a single layer did not provide an accurate indication. For this reason, the material characteristics required for modeling were investigated. A unique, novel testing procedure and assembly were performed, wherein the material was loaded under quasi-realistic conditions with a crushed stone ballast sample and other continuous particle size distribution samples in a closed polyethylene tube. In addition, the deformation of the material following deformed bonding was measured by computed tomography scanning, and the results were evaluated.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures8020023

Cultural Differences and the Application of Diplomatic Protocol in the Central and Eastern European Region

Julia Szoke Júlia Hajszán Júlia Szőke

Publication Name: European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 2

Page Range: 145-160

Description:

The success of diplomatic relations is closely linked to the understanding of cultural differences and the proper application of diplomatic protocol. In the countries of the Central and Eastern European region, the diverse historical experiences, collective memories, and socio-cultural characteristics significantly shape both formal and informal diplomatic behavior. This paper examines how cultural differences influence the application of diplomatic protocols in the region, with a particular focus on the role of cultural sensitivity in diplomatic interactions. Adopting a qualitative, multiple case study approach, the research analyzes contemporary diplomatic incidents in which culturally embedded symbols, gestures, dress codes, and gift-giving practices led to protocol unconventionalities or failures. The findings demonstrate that a lack of cultural sensitivity may result in misunderstandings, public embarrassment or diplomatic tension, while culturally informed protocol practices can contribute to strengthening bilateral and multilateral relations. By integrating cultural sensitivity theory with the analysis of diplomatic protocol and providing empirical evidence from Central and Eastern Europe, the paper contributes to the literature by offering a region-specific and practice-oriented perspective on diplomacy. The paper highlights how seemingly minor protocol deviations can carry significant symbolic and political meanings in culturally sensitive contexts, thereby influencing the elusiveness of international relations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24818/ejis.2025.19

From Over-Tourism to Under-Tourism via COVID-19: Lessons for Sustainable Tourism Management

Irum Shahzadi Gagan Deep Sharma Mandeep Mahendru Ravi Chatterjee Vibha Arora Irum Shahzadi

Publication Name: Evaluation Review

Publication Date: 2024-02-01

Volume: 48

Issue: 1

Page Range: 177-210

Description:

With various strains of the novel coronavirus emerging during the last few years, there is a need to reinvent and manage the tourism industry by engaging various stakeholders. Industry and policymakers need to observe the shift and curate tourism-related products and offerings accordingly. In light of the increasing demand for innovations and future directions in the post-COVID-19 period, this article conducts a bibliometric analysis for sustainable tourism studies spanning the years 1990–2021. This paper presents an integrative review of tourism, environment and sustainable tourism to reveal geographical, contextual, and methodological directions for future research. The comprehensive analysis includes contributions on topics and methods, country collaborations, and thematic analysis. The findings are consistent with the Sustainable Development Goals of sustainable production and consumption (SDG-12), with a particular emphasis on sustainable tourism to promote local culture and create jobs (SDG-12.b) and on sustainable growth (SDG-13). The study’s findings can be used to inform future policies and directions; for example, the findings indicate that the hospitality industry is facing challenges that necessitate new regulations to address its socioeconomic and environmental impacts.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1177/0193841X231189805

Intelligent Traffic Signal Control Using Rule Based Fuzzy System

Tamrat Delessa Chala Laszlo T. Koczy

Publication Name: Studies in Computational Intelligence

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 1087

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 347-371

Description:

Over the past decades, there has been an ever-increasing saturation of traffic networks due to the growing number of road vehicles, and due to the available limited. To solve these problems, adaptive, (semi-) intelligent traffic control has been used widely for the last decades. These systems nevertheless, have some shortages, the most obvious one being that these systems use the presence of vehicles at the lanes immediately before reaching the intersections. The real queue size cannot be taken into consideration. In the present approach, the input values are supposed to come from cameras connected with image processing systems and directed microphones. We propose a new traffic signal control system with a hierarchical structure based on similarly Mamdani control, however, containing essentially novel elements and having more intelligent features. This new model and the connected algorithmic approach allow rather complex control strategies, but only a simple case study has been implemented. Compared with existing fuzzy traffic controls, the novel approach has more adaptability and flexibility, by having the potential to differentiate an arbitrary number of traffic directions and by increasing general safety by the additional emergency vehicle handling feature. In addition, the calculation with queues, and individual vehicles weighted with the waiting time makes the system more flexible than any existing intelligent model.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-25759-9_17