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Found 6278 publications

Comparison between European protestant and catholic economic development through modern painting

Bernadett Balassa

Publication Name: Deturope

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: 10

Issue: 1

Page Range: 82-96

Description:

Since Max Weber, economists suggest that religious activity affects the European economic development, and this hypothesis was proven between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries. Accordingly Protestant economic thinking accelerated the evolving system of capitalism, giving adequate attitudes to the accumulation of wealth. This research supposes that the mentioned capitalist approaches have their own impressions on visual arts, particularly on modern painting. It examines almost nine hundred religious paintings from the fifteenth to nineteenth centuries, investigating signs of business activities on the artworks. This form of qualitative examination apply the methodology of content analysis. As a result of the study the former hypothesis of Weber could be verified from multidisciplinary approach.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.32725/det.2018.005

Optical Rail Surface Crack Detection Method Based on Semantic Segmentation Replacement for Magnetic Particle Inspection

Szabolcs Fischer Mykola Sysyn Olga Nabochenko Jianxing Liu Lei Kou

Publication Name: Sensors

Publication Date: 2022-11-01

Volume: 22

Issue: 21

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Railway damage detection is of great significance in ensuring railway safety. The cracks on the rail surface play a key role in studying the formation and development process of rail damage, predicting the occurrence of rail defects, and then improving the service life of the rail. However, due to the small shape of the cracks, the typical detection method is relatively complicated, and the speed is quite slow. Although traditional magnetic particle inspection technology is fairly accurate at detection, it is costly and inconvenient to carry and install, while also limiting the detection speed and affecting the system’s operation. In this paper, a semantic segmentation detection method is developed by using various collected rail surface crack data and deep learning through a neural network. By comparing the inspection of the same rail surface with magnetic particle inspection technology, only inexpensive cameras are used and the inspection speed is increased while maintaining relatively high accuracy. In addition, the method can achieve fast detection speeds if it is extended to be combined with high-frequency cameras. It is an economical, efficient, and environmentally friendly method for future rail surface detection.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/s22218214

Assessing Local Site-Specific Response Spectra Based on Site Data in Gyor

O. Kegyes-Brassai Benjamin Labar

Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 59

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 422-430

Description:

It is essential to understand seismic ground motion in order to understand how dynamically a structure responds to earthquakes. Due to variations in seismic loading, strong ground vibrations can damage structures to varying degrees. The different essential traits of powerful ground motions help explain this ground diversity during moderate to large earthquakes. This study mainly focuses on the comparison between ground motion parameters such as the Peak Ground acceleration (PGA), and local site spectra considering the design response spectrum and site-specific response spectra of varying soil profiles in Gyor. Multichannel analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) data from eleven different places in Gyor were considered and analyzed using the 1-dimensional response analysis software, STRATA, and a detailed comparison was carried out between the different site locations in terms of PGA, and local site spectra. The result revealed the sites with the highest amplifications based on peak ground values of acceleration, velocity, and displacements. With 1-dimensional STRATA software, peak ground acceleration profiles, and response spectrum results are obtained and compared to Eurocode 8 standards.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/ATDE240575

Molecular-phylogenetic investigation of trichomonads in dogs and cats reveals a novel Tritrichomonas species

Roland Psáder Jenő Kontschán Sándor A. Boldogh Barbara Tuska-Szalay Ádám Izsó Julia Gilbert József Fáy Nóra Takács Sándor Hornok Ágnes Sterczer

Publication Name: Parasites and Vectors

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background: Trichomonosis is a common infection in small animals, mostly manifesting in gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea. Although oral trichomonads are also known, the species found colonizing the large intestine are more frequently detected protozoa. Methods: In the present study, four wildcats, 94 domestic cats, and 25 dogs, originating from 18 different locations in Hungary, were investigated for the presence of oral and large intestinal trichomonads based on the 18S rRNA gene and ITS2. Results: All oral swabs were negative by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, Tritrichomonas foetus was detected in a high proportion among tested domestic cats (13.8%) and dogs (16%), and Pentatrichomonas hominis only in two domestic cats. In addition, a novel Tritrichomonas genotype was identified in one cat, probably representing a new species that was shown to be phylogenetically most closely related to Tritrichomonas casperi described recently from mice. All positive dogs and half of the positive cats showed symptoms, and among cats, the most frequent breed was the Ragdoll. Conclusions: With molecular methods, this study evaluated the prevalence of oral and intestinal trichomonads in clinical samples of dogs and cats from Hungary, providing the first evidence of T. foetus in dogs of this region. In contrast to literature data, P. hominis was more prevalent in cats than in dogs. Finally, a hitherto unknown large intestinal Tritrichomonas species (closely related to T. casperi) was shown to be present in a cat, raising two possibilities. First, this novel genotype might have been a rodent-associated pseudoparasite in the relevant cat. Otherwise, the cat was actually infected, thus suggesting the role of a predator–prey link in the evolution of this trichomonad. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.)

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06343-0

Measuring the quality of life university students and its predictors as a basis for its applied research. Cross-country evidence

František Murgaš Roman Králik Zoltan Balogh Marie Hubálovská Anna Tirpáková Eniko Nagy Marek Nocoń Ján Zozuľak Ján Zozuľak František Petrovič Gyorgy Molnar

Publication Name: Sustainable Futures

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 10

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The paper is focused on the quality of life of university students in Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary and Spain and its indicators and predictors. University students represent a specific demographic group due to a combination of age, education, and health. Paper has several goals. The first goal is to determine the value of the quality of life of university students in the mentioned countries and to determine the degree of their similarity/difference. The second goal is to compare their quality of life with the quality of life in individual countries. The third goal is to investigate which of the indicators have an impact on the quality of life, and thus are its predictors. Two scientific questions are formulated. Firstly, we are interested in whether there will be a difference between quality of life in Central European countries and Western European Spain. Secondly, we aim to find which predictors there are in common in the studied countries. In other words, we examine what the Quality of Life of university students in five countries is and what determines it to be the way it is.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101214

Phenotypic Alteration and Suppression of Cytotoxicity of Decidual NK Cells After Co-culturing With Different Trophoblastic Cell Lines

Vilmos Fülöp Kevin M. Elias Kornél Lakatos Kathleen Hasselblatt György Végh Thomas Mcelrath Ross S. Berkowitz

Publication Name: Anticancer Research

Publication Date: 2025-11-01

Volume: 45

Issue: 11

Page Range: 4717-4727

Description:

Background/Aim: Successful conception and pregnancy require a complex and organized communication between the embryo (allograft) and the mother’s (host) immune system. The decidual NK cells (dNK), among other leukocyte subsets, have an important role in orchestrating this immune environment. This study aimed to investigate how exposure to benign and malignant trophoblastic cell lines affects the phenotype and cytotoxic function of dNK cells. Materials and Methods: In our study, we isolated dNK cells from term, healthy human placentas and sorted them to achieve a pure, CD56 bright, CD16 negative population. These NK cells were co-cultured with HTR-8 (benign) and Jeg-3 (malignant) trophoblastic cell lines for one and five days. The NK cells were isolated again after the exposure to the trophoblastic cells, and their phenotype was assessed again. Their cytotoxicity was also measured and compared to the cytotoxicity of dNK cells not exposed to trophoblastic cells. Results: After one day of co-culture, dNK phenotype remained unchanged with both cell lines. However, a five-day exposure to Jeg-3 cells resulted in a shift toward a CD56 diminished CD16+ phenotype, resembling peripheral NK cells. Additionally, cytotoxic activity of dNK cells was significantly reduced after co-culture with both cell lines, with a more pronounced suppression observed following exposure to Jeg-3 cells. Conclusion: There are certain similarities between the immune evasion of tumor cells and the physiological invasion of the trophoblastic cells of embryonic origin into the maternal decidua. Understanding the ways of interaction between dNK cells and the trophoblastic cells may reveal similar immunological interactions between the host’s NK cells and tumor cells.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.17821

Shattered Foundations: How the War on Gaza Has Undermined Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure

Najla Trabelsi Zuhaib Bhat Abdo Hassoun Samer Abuzerr Abderahman Rejeb Toufik Ouatmani Mohammed Nijim

Publication Name: Sustainable Development Goals Series

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Part F472

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 231-246

Description:

This chapter explores the devastating impact of repeated Israeli hostilities on Gaza, especially the recent war; October 2023–January 2025, on industry, innovation, and infrastructure in this region, focusing on the significant setbacks to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG 9). This brutal war has led to widespread destruction of critical infrastructure, including power plants, health facilities, and communication networks, crippling industrial activities and halting technological advancements. The destruction of manufacturing facilities and the scarcity of essential resources have severely limited production capabilities, leading to massive job losses and economic decline. Furthermore, the war has severely hindered the development of new technologies and innovations by destroying educational institutions and research centers, while restrictions on the import of technological equipment and resources have further exacerbated these challenges, limiting access to tools necessary for advancement and growth. Through detailed analysis of reports and scientific publications, this chapter highlights the urgent need for international intervention and support to rebuild industry and infrastructure in Gaza. This comprehensive examination of the impact of the war on Gaza industry, innovation, and critical infrastructure offers valuable insights into the broader challenges of achieving SDG 9 in conflict-affected regions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-88500-6_15

Aerodynamic Behavior of Hump Slab Track in Desert Railways: A Case Study in Shuregaz, Iran

Fereidoon Moghadas Nejad Masoud Fathali Majid Movahedi Rad Jafar Chalabii Mohammad Mohsen Kabiri Nasrabad

Publication Name: Buildings

Publication Date: 2024-08-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 8

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The development of rail transport necessitates expanding environmentally friendly infrastructure. However, specific challenges arise in desert and sandy regions. One innovative solution to manage the effects of windblown sand on desert railways is the use of hump slab track superstructure. This paper develops a solid–fluid aerodynamic model based on ANSYS Fluent 2021 R2 software to simulate the hump slab track during a sandstorm. The model is validated through wind tunnel testing. A case study of a railway sandstorm in the Shuregaz region of Iran is presented, evaluating various sandstorm parameters and hump heights to determine their impact on sand concentration and particle velocity within the sand transit channels. The results indicate that increasing the sand particle diameter (from 150 to 250 µm) leads to higher sand concentration (up to 40%) and lower sand movement velocity (up to 28%). These results have been observed with a higher incremental approach concerning the sand flow rate. Conversely, increasing sandstorm velocity (from 10 to 30 m/s) decreases sand concentration and increases sand movement velocity up to 80% and 150%, respectively. Additionally, a 25 cm hump height significantly enhances sand passage by creating larger channels.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/buildings14082473

Beyond Traditional Metrics: Developing and Validating a Multidimensional Scale for Consumer Financial Well-Being

Gagan Deep Sharma Mandeep Mahendru Nisreen Ameen The Khoa Do Vijay Periera Kamlesh Singh

Publication Name: Psychology and Marketing

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 42

Issue: 12

Page Range: 3141-3161

Description:

This paper proposes a scale for measuring consumer financial well-being (CFW), covering its dimensions and consequences. The holistic nature of the scale is a significant improvement on the existing measures of CFW, which cover only a few dimensions, such as debt and financial distress, without focusing on the consequences of CFW. The paper follows a rigorous process spanning five studies: Study 1, qualitative research aiming to generate and reduce items for the new scale; Studies 2 and 3, empirical analyses of data from India and the United Kingdom, respectively; Study 4, establishing the scale's nomological validity by testing its theoretical connections with mindful consumption and life satisfaction as outcomes; and Study 5, an experiment aiming to reinforce the scale's nomological validity by testing the effect of prevention focus (vs. promotion focus) as an antecedent for CFW. Utilizing the frameworks of dual-process and multiple discrepancies theories, the scale proposed by this paper consists of a four-factor solution (financial security, financial preparedness and satisfaction, financial resilience, and financial wisdom). On one hand, the study provides vital implications for marketing managers who want to encourage sustainable and responsible consumption patterns. Second, it informs marketing managers who want to design marketing or educational interventions that aim to improve CFW by developing financial wisdom. Third, our scale can assist financial planners with measuring and improving their clients' financial well-being and provides them with unconventional tools (e.g., financial wisdom) for doing so.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/mar.70029