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Research progress in small-molecule donor-polymer acceptor organic photovoltaic cells

Gusztáv Fekete Hai Qiao Wang István Bíró Beining Wang Junhao Song Tianyu Huang Yuxuan Wang Chenghuan Chen

Publication Name: Organic Electronics

Publication Date: 2025-11-01

Volume: 146

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Organic solar cells (OSCs), characterized by their lightweight, flexibility, solution-processability for large-area fabrication, and low cost, exhibit significant complementary advantages to silicon-based photovoltaics, positioning them as a cutting-edge research frontier in clean energy. Among emerging architectures, small-molecule donor/polymer acceptor (SDPA)-based OSCs have attracted considerable attention due to their unique active layer stability, particularly their ability to maintain optimized phase-separated morphology under high-temperature conditions (>85 °C), offering potential to overcome the stability bottleneck in organic photovoltaic industrialization. However, the current record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of SDPA-OSCs remains at 12.1 %, significantly lagging behind mainstream bulk heterojunction systems (PCE >20 %). To advance the efficiency of SDPA-OSCs, extensive efforts have been devoted to optimizing materials, device engineering, and processing techniques. This review systematically summarizes recent progress in SDPA-OSCs from the perspectives of device architecture and active layer processing. Key focus areas include the impact of device structure engineering (conventional vs. inverted configurations) and active layer fabrication strategies (bulk heterojunction solution-coating and layer-by-layer deposition techniques) on charge carrier transport and device performance. By establishing robust “material structure–morphology–device performance” correlations, this work provides critical insights and technical references for developing high-efficiency SDPA-OSCs. Furthermore, future research directions and challenges in material innovation, morphology control, and scalable manufacturing are discussed to guide the advancement of SDPA-based organic photovoltaics.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107325

Optimal Design of Wood/Rice Husk-waste-Filled PLA Biocomposites Using Integrated CRITIC–MABAC-Based Decision-Making Algorithm

Amit Aherwar László Lendvai Punyasloka Pattnaik Lalit Ranakoti Tej Singh Gabor Dogossy

Publication Name: Polymers

Publication Date: 2022-07-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 13

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Based on the criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation (CRITIC) and the multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC), a decision-making algorithm was developed to select the optimal biocomposite material according to several conflicting attributes. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based binary biocomposites containing wood waste and ternary biocompos-ites containing wood waste/rice husk with an overall additive content of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt.% were manufactured and evaluated for physicomechanical and wear properties. For the algorithm, the following performance attributes were considered through testing: the evaluated physical (density, water absorption), mechanical (tensile, flexural, compressive and impact) and sliding wear proper-ties. The water absorption and strength properties were found to be the highest for unfilled PLA, while modulus performance remained the highest for 10 wt.% rice husk/wood-waste-added PLA biocomposites. The density of PLA biocomposites increased as rice husk increased, while it decreased as wood waste increased. The lowest and highest density values were recorded for 10 wt.% wood waste and rice husk/wood-waste-containing PLA biocomposites, respectively. The lowest wear was exhibited by the 5 wt.% rice husk/wood-waste-loaded PLA biocomposite. The experimental results were composition dependent and devoid of any discernible trend. Consequently, prioritizing the performance of PLA biocomposites to choose the best one among a collection of alternatives became challenging. Therefore, a decision-making algorithm, called CRITIC–MABAC, was used to select the optimal composition. The importance of attributes was determined by assigning weight using the CRITIC method, while the MABAC method was employed to assess the complete ranking of the biocomposites. The results achieved from the hybrid CRITIC–MABAC approach demonstrated that the 7.5 wt.% wood-waste-added PLA biocomposite exhibited the optimal physicomechanical and wear properties.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/polym14132603

Unveiling the Future of FinTech: Exploring the Behavioral Intentions Behind FinTech Adoption

Tamás Vinkóczi Borbála Tamás Attila Kurucz Ewelina Idziak

Publication Name: Journal of Risk and Financial Management

Publication Date: 2025-10-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 10

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In addition to the technological aspects of FinTech solutions, it is important to consider user willingness, particularly among the digitally savvy Generation Z. We conducted a survey in Hungary and Poland to gather information on young people’s use of FinTech applications and their attitudes towards FinTech services. In our research, we built on the already known technology adoption model (UTAUT) and combined it with an attitudinal study. To determine the factors that influence the propensity to use these services, we developed a hypothetical model and tested it with the results of the first round of the survey (n = 117). CB-SEM was used to investigate the relationship between attitudes, social influence, and intention to use behavior. The paper presents the significant relationship characteristics, model structure, and potential business applications of the results.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/jrfm18100546

Green and Renewable Energy- Related Financial Literacy in Mexico as a Competitive Advantage

Csongor Czipf Absalón J. Salmerón- Zapata José G. Vargas- Hernandez

Publication Name: Reinventing Corporate Strategy for Competitive Advantage

Publication Date: 2025-09-25

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 63-100

Description:

This research evaluates the role of green and renewable energy- fueled financial literacy as a competitive advantage for Mexico during the world transition in energy. Based on a comprehensive review of literature and consideration of current market conditions, this research identifies key intersections between financial literacy and renewable energy growth, including investment decisions, risk assessments, policy comprehension, and technology financing. The research shows that Mexico's renewable energy sector, boasting great natural strengths, is confronted by education and financial literacy problems, which could discourage maximum returns on investments and capital allocation. The research findings conclude that tailored financial liter-acy programs developed specifically for the investment of green energy can make Mexico more competitive, induce private investment, and drive the energy transition simultaneously creating economically sustainable gains.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-5428-6.ch004

Comparing Depth-Integrated Models to Compute Overland Flow in Steep-Sloped Watersheds

Katalin Bene Gergely Ámon Richard P. Ray

Publication Name: Hydrology

Publication Date: 2025-04-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

On steep-sloped watersheds, high-intensity, short-duration rainfall events are the leading causes of flash floods. Typical overland flow analysis assumes sheet-like flow with a shallow water depth. However, the natural creek beds in steep watersheds produce complex and intense flows with a shallow depth and high velocity. According to the hydrodynamical modeling processes for open channel turbulent flow, calculating rainfall-induced overland flow becomes a complex task. Steep topography requires a highly refined numerical mesh, which demands a more complex simulation process. Depth-integrated models with distributed parameters provide useful methods to capture the behavior of steep watersheds. This study investigates the watershed’s overland flow behavior by varying turbulent flow parameters and monitoring possible model errors. The refined modeling places a heavy demand on numerical solvers used for simulating the overland flow motion. This paper examines different depth-integrated model solvers applied to artificial watersheds and compares results produced by the different solver types. This study found that the Shallow Water Equation solutions produced the most consistent and stable results, with the Local Inertia Approximation solutions performing adequately. Adding Large Eddy Simulation to these solutions tended to overcomplicate Shallow Water solutions but generally improved Large Eddy solutions. The Diffuse Wave Equation solutions produced erratic results, losing stability and accuracy as watershed slopes steepened and flow paths became complex.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/hydrology12040067

The development and application of a global positioning system – based monitoring system for soil stabilization vehicles

András Háry Balázs Baráth Norbert Simon

Publication Name: Journal of Ecological Engineering

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 26

Issue: 3

Page Range: 1-7

Description:

The accuracy and efficiency of soil stabilization works are key to ensuring the durability of roads. During the conducted research, a GPS-based (global positioning system) tracking system was developed that can monitor the movement of soil stabilization vehicles in real time, recording the exact location and working width of the stabilized road sections. The system’s software solutions enable the conversion of location coordinates from the WGS84 (World Geodetic System) system to EOV (EOV as Uniform National Projection system) format and visualization of the results in AutoCAD. The developed tool can significantly contribute to the improvement of the quality control of soil stabilization works, as the development of road defects resulting from stabilization errors can be reduced with the help of documentation and visualization. During the testing of this system, the development proved to be successful and provides an opportunity to perform soil stabilization processes more efficiently and reliably, thereby improving the service life of road surfaces and traffic safety.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12911/22998993/195916

Simulating Noise, Vibration, and Harshness Advances in Electric Vehicle Powertrains: Strategies and Challenges

Ambrus Zelei Krisztián Horváth

Publication Name: World Electric Vehicle Journal

Publication Date: 2024-08-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 8

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study examines the management of noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) in electric vehicle (EV) powertrains, considering the challenges of the automotive industry’s transition to electric drivetrains. The growing popularity of electric vehicles brings new NVH challenges as the lack of internal combustion engine noise makes drivetrain noise more prominent. The key to managing NVH in electric vehicle powertrains is understanding the noise from electric motors, inverters, and gear systems. Noise from electric motors, mainly resulting from electromagnetic forces and high-frequency noise generated by inverters, significantly impacts overall NVH performance. This article details sources of mechanical noise and vibration, including gear defects in gear systems and shaft imbalances. The methods presented in the publication include simulation and modeling techniques that help identify and solve NVH difficulties. Tools like multi-body dynamics, the finite element method, and multi-domain simulation are crucial for understanding the dynamic behavior of complex systems. With the support of simulations, engineers can predict noise and vibration challenges and develop effective solutions during the design phase. This study emphasizes the importance of a system-level approach in NVH management, where the entire drivetrain is modeled and analyzed together, not just individual components.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/wevj15080367

Analyzing Barriers to Internet of Things (IoT) Adoption in Humanitarian Logistics: An ISM–DEMATEL Approach

Imen Zrelli Abderahman Rejeb Karim Rejeb

Publication Name: Logistics

Publication Date: 2024-06-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background: Effective humanitarian logistics (HL) is essential in disaster response. The “Internet of Things” (IoT) holds potential to enhance the efficiency and efficacy of HL, yet adoption is slowed by numerous barriers. Methods: This study employs interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) to explore and classify barriers to IoT integration in HL. Results: A total of 12 barriers were identified, classified, and ranked according to their driving power and dependence. Key barriers include lack of standardization, organizational resistance, data quality issues, and legal challenges. Conclusions: Overcoming these barriers could significantly improve relief operations, reduce errors, and enhance decision-making processes in HL. This investigation is the first of its kind into IoT barriers in HL, laying the groundwork for further research and providing valuable insights for HL managers.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/logistics8020038

Analytical approach to determine vertical dynamics of a semi-trailer truck from the point of view of goods protection

Renáta Pidl

Publication Name: Aip Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2018-01-05

Volume: 1922

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The overwhelming majority of intercontinental long-haul transportations of goods are usually carried out on road by semi-trailer trucks. Vibration has a major effect regarding the safety of the transport, the load and the transported goods. This paper deals with the logistics goals from the point of view of vibration and summarizes the methods to predict or measure the vibration load in order to design a proper system. From these methods, the focus of this paper is on the computer simulation of the vibration. An analytical method is presented to calculate the vertical dynamics of a semi-trailer truck containing general viscous damping and exposed to harmonic base excitation. For the purpose of a better understanding, the method will be presented through a simplified four degrees-of-freedom (DOF) half-vehicle model, which neglects the stiffness and damping of the tires, thus the four degrees-of-freedom are the vertical and angular displacements of the truck and the trailer. From the vertical and angular accelerations of the trailer, the vertical acceleration of each point of the platform of the trailer can easily be determined, from which the forces acting on the transported goods are given. As a result of this paper the response of the full platform-load-packaging system to any kind of vehicle, any kind of load and any kind of road condition can be analyzed. The peak acceleration of any point on the platform can be determined by the presented analytical method.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1063/1.5019118