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Found 6674 publications
Phenotypic Alteration and Suppression of Cytotoxicity of Decidual NK Cells After Co-culturing With Different Trophoblastic Cell Lines
Publication Name: Anticancer Research
Publication Date: 2025-11-01
Volume: 45
Issue: 11
Page Range: 4717-4727
Description:
Background/Aim: Successful conception and pregnancy require a complex and organized communication between the embryo (allograft) and the mother’s (host) immune system. The decidual NK cells (dNK), among other leukocyte subsets, have an important role in orchestrating this immune environment. This study aimed to investigate how exposure to benign and malignant trophoblastic cell lines affects the phenotype and cytotoxic function of dNK cells. Materials and Methods: In our study, we isolated dNK cells from term, healthy human placentas and sorted them to achieve a pure, CD56 bright, CD16 negative population. These NK cells were co-cultured with HTR-8 (benign) and Jeg-3 (malignant) trophoblastic cell lines for one and five days. The NK cells were isolated again after the exposure to the trophoblastic cells, and their phenotype was assessed again. Their cytotoxicity was also measured and compared to the cytotoxicity of dNK cells not exposed to trophoblastic cells. Results: After one day of co-culture, dNK phenotype remained unchanged with both cell lines. However, a five-day exposure to Jeg-3 cells resulted in a shift toward a CD56 diminished CD16+ phenotype, resembling peripheral NK cells. Additionally, cytotoxic activity of dNK cells was significantly reduced after co-culture with both cell lines, with a more pronounced suppression observed following exposure to Jeg-3 cells. Conclusion: There are certain similarities between the immune evasion of tumor cells and the physiological invasion of the trophoblastic cells of embryonic origin into the maternal decidua. Understanding the ways of interaction between dNK cells and the trophoblastic cells may reveal similar immunological interactions between the host’s NK cells and tumor cells.
Open Access: Yes
Evaluation of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in Aceh patchouli industry
Publication Name: Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 1510
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in community-based and smallholder patchouli oil production represents a positive initiative to enhance productivity and profitability while mitigating risks associated with workforces, workflows, and environment. This study aims to explore the implementation of GMP in a patchouli industry center run by community-based cooperative in Lhoong, Aceh Besar. This is a qualitative study which collect data from interviews and observations, and analyzes the data using comparative analysis. Data is classified according to the 5P indicators of GMP, which consists of products, people, processes, procedures, and premises. This study reveals that while GMP is generally unfamiliar to those in community-based and smallholder patchouli oil production, it's practices are already implemented in the knowledge of farmers and producers. However, there is a need for the community and smallholders to enhance their understanding and awareness of GMP, and actively participate in the training provided by stakeholders. The implementation of GMP promotes green technology initiatives to strengthen the sustainability of patchouli oil industry while fostering economic growth and improving community well-being. This study recommends the formation of a task force team within the community, trained to implement GMP perfectly in the patchouli oil industry center. Additionally, the findings of this study contribute to the goals of SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production).
Open Access: Yes
Equation-oriented thermodynamic optimisation of heat pump integration in industrial heat recovery systems: A system-level pathway to cost and emission reduction
Publication Name: Energy
Publication Date: 2025-10-30
Volume: 335
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Integrating heat pumps into large-scale electricity-to-heat industrial processes has proven highly successful in enhancing the utilisation of renewable energy and contributing to carbon emission reductions. However, most studies focus on overall system performance, overlooking the detailed thermal behaviour of the heat pump itself. This limits the adaptability of heat pumps in dynamic industrial settings. This work proposes an equation-oriented framework that enables flexible integration of thermodynamically detailed heat pump models into industrial heat recovery systems. A superstructure-based optimisation model is developed to minimise energy costs and enhance efficiency, considering process constraints, network layout, and heat pump performance. The model dynamically optimises heat pump operation and placement to enhance waste heat recovery and overall system integration. Moreover, the approach supports the integration of low-grade utilities to further improve the energy efficiency. The proposed framework is validated through an industrial-scale case study of a crude oil distillation process. Life cycle assessment is conducted to quantify potential environmental and economic benefits. Results show that integrating heat pumps into the system recovered 50.52 % of low-pressure steam, reducing the total operating cost and annual cost by 12.88 % and 12.42 %. Additionally, total net carbon emissions decreased by 28.70 %. Lower electricity prices increase heat pump use and economic benefits but also amplify rebound effects. Furthermore, although high-temperature heat pumps operating above 150 °C tend to increase capital expenditures, they unlock greater energy efficiency, thereby accelerating the industrial decarbonisation process.
Open Access: Yes
Exhaustive enumeration of heat exchanger networks with minimum utility consumption using graph-theoretic approach
Publication Name: Energy
Publication Date: 2025-10-30
Volume: 335
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Enhancement in energy recovery is always an essential element that requires academic spotlights to ensure its capability to contribute towards carbon neutrality. Recent works have extended to cover multi-solution heat exchanger networks (HEN) synthesis instead of generating a single best solution, which is not guaranteed to be practical. Nevertheless, owing to the technical challenges of synthesising all feasible networks, none of the existing works attempts to comprehensively elucidate how network topologies affect the network cost. To address this gap, P-HENS, a graph theoretic-based HEN synthesis tool, was utilised to generate the set of all heat exchanger networks with minimum utility consumption. Its effectiveness is demonstrated through an illustrative case study, which eventually generates more than 45,000 HENs. The impacts of structural variables on the cost, including the number of exchangers and the stream pairings, were analysed. The cost range of the networks was identified, revealing cost differences of 30 % despite minimum utility consumption or 15 % despite the minimum number of exchangers. Key stream pairs required to meet maximum energy recovery and influence cost were identified, leading to recommendations for improving solution searches. The solution set and the insight from this work are available to the research community for further analysis, offering valuable insights to enhance energy integration in the industry.
Open Access: Yes
Solar park at the water supplier
Publication Name: Pollack Periodica
Publication Date: 2025-10-27
Volume: 20
Issue: 3
Page Range: 140-146
Description:
The experience proves that solar power installations worldwide are growing rapidly. Renewable energy sources other one as solar energy has the potential to reduce the ecological footprint. The converter that utilizes renewable energy technologies and methods are constantly evolving with their spread, purchasing goods are becoming more and more favorable. In this study the measurement of the time period March 1–31 is presented at a waterworks. During the measurement, hourly recordings were taken. During the study, load power, generated power, grid power, specific electricity consumption, electricity consumed distribution, and the energy cost were determined.
Open Access: Yes
Acceptance of self-driving cars among the university community: Effects of gender, previous experience, technology adoption propensity, and attitudes toward autonomous vehicles
Publication Name: Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour
Publication Date: 2023-04-01
Volume: 94
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 353-361
Description:
This article investigates the acceptance of autonomous cars based on the role of attitudes toward autonomous vehicles, acceptance of technology, previous experiences, and gender. Using an online survey, which includes the Acceptance of Autonomous Vehicles (AVAS) and Technology Adoption Propensity scale (TAP), a sample of 1273 members of a university community was collected. Acceptance of using autonomous cars in a test drive and ordinary, real traffic scenarios, as well as the intention to buy one were measured via self-administered items. We used conditional process modeling to get a more detailed insight into the connections among these factors. The findings revealed that all four factors of attitudes towards autonomous vehicles (benefits in usefulness, benefits in situations, commonalities concerns, system concerns) but only the optimism factor of technology adaption propensity affected the acceptance. Dependency seemed to affect benefits in usefulness and the two concern variables. Gender differences are almost entirely explained away by the effects of attitudes. Previous experience had no significant effect in the model.
Open Access: Yes
Changing Tourism Trends of the Benedictine Abbey in Tihany: Best Practices of a Hungarian Monastic Community
Publication Name: Religions
Publication Date: 2023-04-01
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
The touristic use of sacred sites is a widespread practice in Hungary. Throughout the past centuries, Christianity has dominated the history of the Carpathian Basin. The Hungarian State’s strong affiliation with the Roman Catholic Church dates back to its foundation over a 1000 years ago. Due to its location on the shore of Lake Balaton and outstanding natural environment, the Benedictine Tihany Abbey is a major touristic destination and a popular place of pilgrimage in Hungary. The objective of the present paper is to examine how touristic activities contribute to the livelihood of a Hungarian monastic community and local economic development in the 21st century. To answer the research questions, the study primarily relied on literature and documentary analysis, in-depth interviews, and the construction and processing of a database. The research revealed that in addition to the classic elements (e.g., guided tours in the abbey, museum exhibitions, concerts, etc.), the program offer developed by the monastic community of Tihany is capable of addressing new target audiences: the rapidly rising number of tourists from the Far East (mainly Japan, China, South Korea, and Russia). Despite remaining considerably below visitor numbers recorded by the abbey in the mid-1990s, a significant increase in visitor numbers was observed in 2018–2019. The economic activities of the Benedictines of Tihany comprise a number of different areas beyond tourism, e.g., agricultural production and candle making, both of which are integrated into their tourism offer and feature among touristic programs. As a major employer, the abbey exerts a positive impact on the population retention capacity of the settlement by offering jobs to local residents, and it also contributes to population growth by attracting a large number of highly skilled professionals who choose to settle down in the region. The paper shows the evidence of the pandemic on pilgrimage and religious tourism in Tihany.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/rel14040435
Inverse Stackelberg Game with Final-Time Observations
Publication Name: Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University Science
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
In this paper, we extend the framework of inverse optimal control to an inverse Stackelberg game (ISG) problem that involves a hierarchical two-player scenario. More specifically, the aim is to determine the unknown parameters in the leader’s and the follower’s objective functions based on their observed behavior in the final time window. Under a linear-quadratic setup, we first show that the parameter matrices in the objective functions for both the leader and the follower of the ISG are identifiable. Then, we propose a two-step approach to estimate the parameters in objective functions. In particular, the process first identifies the parameter matrix of the follower. Next, we identify the leader’s control gain within the final observation time window. Then we identify the leader’s matrix based on the identified leader’s control gain and the follower’s parameter matrix. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of our methodology through deterministic numerical experiments. (Figure presented.).
Open Access: Yes
Corruption Perception in the Light of Green Transition Indicators
Publication Name: Sustainable Development and Green Innovation Managing Risk Through Interdisciplinary Approaches and Policy Strategies
Publication Date: 2025-10-27
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 219-236
Description:
Purpose: This study explores the relationship between green transition areas that promote sustainability and the perceived level of corruption across 41 countries. Need for the study: Corruption undermines sustainability efforts and environmental governance, creating a need to understand its interaction with green transition indicators. Methodology: The study uses data from the Bertelsmann Stiftung (BS) Sustainable Governance Indicators (SGI) 2022 report and Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), deploying statistical methods to examine how environmental policy and participation in international treaties affect corruption. Findings: State performance in environmental policy significantly influences corruption perception, with effects enhanced by international cooperation. Gross greenhouse gas emissions emerge as the most influential indicator, negatively affecting corruption perception by increasing its presence. Practical implications: These findings call for integrating anti-corruption measures into environmental policy frameworks, fostering international collaboration, and enhancing transparency to advance sustainable development and reduce corruption risks.
Open Access: Yes
