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Found 6288 publications

Exploration Techniques in Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Vehicles †

Aron Ballagi Ammar Khaleel

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have the potential to revolutionize the transportation system by enhancing road safety, reducing traffic congestion, and freeing drivers from monotonous tasks. Effective exploration is essential for AVs to navigate safely and adapt to dynamic environments. Reinforcement learning (RL) enables AVs to learn optimal behaviors through continuous interaction with their environment. This paper reviews recent RL research on designing exploration strategies for single- and multi-agent AV systems. It categorizes exploration methods based on underlying principles and addresses the challenges. It analyzes key RL algorithms’ strengths, limitations, and empirical performance. By compiling and analyzing the current state of research, this paper aims to facilitate future advancements in AV exploration using RL, offering insights into current trends and future directions in this evolving field.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079024

Sustainable and cost-effective optimal design of steel structures by minimizing cutting trim losses

Marco Domaneschi Majid M. Rad Raffaele Cucuzza Giuseppe Carlo Marano

Publication Name: Automation in Construction

Publication Date: 2024-11-01

Volume: 167

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Since the beginning of the structural optimization field, the optimal design was characterized by the least-weight configuration. In this sense, all the researchers agreed on adopting the minimum-weight optimization statement as the most promising approach to achieve an optimized employment of material. However, especially for steel structures, this approach completely fails the primary goal of encouraging standardization of pieces during the production phase. Except for rare cases, increasing diversity among structural elements leads to a dramatic increase in the financial cost as well as the environmental impact of the structure because of the material waste generated during the cutting procedure. In this paper, a real-coded Genetic Algorithm has been adopted and the well-known one-dimensional Bin Packing Problem has been implemented within the structural optimization process. The Objective Function formulation lies in a marked change of the paradigm in which the target function is represented by the amount of steel required by the factory instead of the structural cost (e.g. weight). The proposed approach is tested on different steel structures moving from 2D truss beams to 3D domes. Addressing the optimal stock of existing elements leads to a significant waste reduction of 40% in almost all the investigated case studies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.autcon.2024.105724

Renaming States—A Case Study: Changing the Name of the Hungarian State in 2011. Its Background, Reasons, and Aftermath

Péter Takács

Publication Name: International Journal for the Semiotics of Law

Publication Date: 2020-09-01

Volume: 33

Issue: 3

Page Range: 899-927

Description:

A provision of the Hungarian constitution, adopted in 2011, has renamed the state. The name changed from the Republic of Hungary to Hungary, while the form of the state has remained “republic”. The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning, significance, and several consequences of this provision. The analysis consists of three main parts. The first one gives a general overview of the functions of the names of states. It claims that not only names but also changing or modifying names of states—taking place either by name-giving or by shaping convention—can serve certain functions. The second part focuses on the historical and constitutional details of renaming the Hungarian state, and summarizes the legal context that provided the framework for the 2011 renaming. The third part outlines the arguments for the change, takes a look at the official justification and actual reasons, and reveals some of the consequences of the name change in the past decade. The main contention of the paper is that the renaming of the Hungarian state that took place in 2011 lacked any overt and reasonable justification, and is best explained as an expression of anti-republican sentiment, which indicated, and partly paved the way for the transition into a kind of an authoritarian regime. Finally, the study raises a possible interpretation of the renaming of the Hungarian state in 2011, the point of which is that it adumbrated many later changes in public law and political systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s11196-020-09692-y

Perceptions and practices of academic excellence: Insights from university stakeholders

Aknur Zhidebekkyzy Svitlana Bilan Timur Buldybayev Renata Kudaibergenova Renata Kudaibergenova Bibigul Utepkaliyeva

Publication Name: Knowledge and Performance Management

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 2

Page Range: 246-261

Description:

The study analyzes how academic excellence is conceptualized within Kazakhstani universities, focusing on two key internal stakeholder groups: faculty members and administrative staff. While academic excellence has become a global priority, little empirical evidence exists on how it is interpreted in emerging higher education systems. The paper addresses this gap by examining the Kazakhstani case, where government-led excellence initiatives are still in their early stages. A quota-based survey was conducted across 42 universities, producing weighted responses from 832 faculty and 155 administrators. Quantitative data were processed with IBM SPSS Statistics 25, employing descriptive statistics, Welch’s t-test, and two-way ANOVA to compare perceptions between the groups. Despite a broad consensus on the multidimensional nature of academic excellence (positive agreement averaged > 94%), the results reveal consistent differences in their interpretation of core parameters. Of the 32 indicators tested, only four showed no statistically significant difference between faculty and administrators: faculty numbers (p = 0.246), academic reputation and stakeholder recognition (p = 0.701), graduate employability and employer satisfaction (p = 0.106), and student enrollment (p = 0.588). Overall, administrators assigned systematically higher importance to institutional characteristics, enabling components, and barriers across all thematic blocks. Consistent with the conceptual framework integrating institutional and stakeholder perspectives, these patterns indicate that external policy pressures and role-specific responsibilities shape interpretations of excellence. These findings provide a data-driven basis for designing initiatives that couple system-level reforms with participatory governance and co-created metrics, thereby improving the translation of policy into practice.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.21511/kpm.09(2).2025.17

New alternatives to private car transport for different powertrains in Hungary - Trends in the petrol, diesel and electric drive solutions

Enikő Nagy Éva Karl Mark Viktor Katai György Molnár

Publication Name: Ines 2025 29th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems 2025 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 285-289

Description:

As time passes and technology becomes more impressive, more ways exist to process, store and visualise data, contributing to data analytics' power. The most common process is to collect data from different sources and store it in some file format. Some process then passes the acquired information to a data warehouse where the data can be stored and queried. Once the right data and tables have been selected, they are imported and exported to a visualisation system, where reports can be generated from the available information. All that remains is to create a custom website where the reports can be displayed. In this paper, we work with data related to petrol, diesel, and electric vehicles. The dataset was synthetically generated using a simulation model developed by the author to reflect realistic automotive scenarios. An ETL process will import the data into the data warehouse, which will be stored for subsequent analysis. The information is then exported from the data warehouse to be processed by the visualisation program and used to make statements. This process aims to demonstrate how the values derived from the generated data transition from their raw form to a visualised state. Given the current global transformation of the automotive industry, this topic was selected due to its relevance and the widespread impact of these changes. The study aims to generate various analytical statements, such as the average engine power across different car brands or the average fuel consumption per 100 kilometres for specific vehicle types.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/INES67149.2025.11078211

Topological and energetic conditions for lithographic production of carbon nanotubes from graphene

Ibolya Zsoldos Istvan Laszlo Dávid Fülep

Publication Name: Journal of Nanomaterials

Publication Date: 2015-01-01

Volume: 2015

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Density Functional Based Tight-Binding (DFTB) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed for producing carbon nanotubes from graphene nanoribbons. The constant temperature simulations were controlled with the help of Nosé-Hoover thermostat. In our systematic study we obtained critical curvature energies and determined topological conditions for nanotube production from two parallel graphene nanoribbons. We obtained linear relationship between the curvature energy and the square of the curvature.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1155/2015/379563

Investigation of the tribological properties of nano-scaled ZrO2 and CuO additive in automotive lubricants

Jan Knaup D. Tóth

Publication Name: Iop Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering

Publication Date: 2020-08-25

Volume: 903

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

To improve the fuel efficiency and the lifetime of the internal combustion engines, the lubricants and their additives have to be developed further. One of the possible future engines lubricants can be the nano-sized ceramic particles, which can provide positive tribological properties also in the presence of non-metallic surface materials. This paper presents the results of investigations with the help of ZrO2 and CuO nano-sized ceramic particles. To define the tribological properties of these additives, lubricant samples with different additive-concentrations were prepared and tribologically analysed. The frictional losses of these lubricant samples were analysed by a ball-on-disk sliding friction machine. The worn surface on the test specimens was analysed by different high-resolution microscopes. To define the functional mechanisms of the nano-additives, the worn surfaces were investigated by high resolution scanning electron microscopes. The ZrO2 additive has experimentally shown an excellent wear reduction property (over 40% wear reduction compared with the neat Group 3 base oil) at the optimum mixing concentration of 0.4wt%. Both frictional and wear reduction properties could be determined at the application of CuO additive (15-15% friction coefficient and wear scar diameter reduction) at its optimum concentration (0.5wt%). A copper-yellow layer can be seen on the worn surface of the disc specimens with CuO, which indicates the mechanism of chemical transformation to elementary copper from the cupric-oxide nanoparticle and this elementary copper can be melted on the surface, because of the applied high temperature and high loads during the experiments.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/903/1/012015

Mathematics and computational intelligence synergies for emerging challenges

Eloísa Ramírez-Poussa Juan Moreno-García László T. Kóczy Jesús Medina

Publication Name: International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 1

Page Range: 818-820

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.2991/ijcis.d.210121.001

Maximal entropy and minimal variability OWA operator weights: A short survey of recent developments

Christer Carlsson Robert Fullér

Publication Name: Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: 357

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 187-199

Description:

The determination of ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator weights is a very important issue of applying the OWA operator for decision making. One of the first approaches, suggested by O’Hagan, determines a special class of OWA operators having maximal entropy of the OWA weights for a given level of orness; algorithmically it is based on the solution of a constrained optimization problem. In 2001, using the method of Lagrange multipliers, Fullér and Majlender solved this constrained optimization problem analytically and determined the optimal weighting vector. In 2003 Fullér and Majlender computed the exact minimal variability weighting vector for any level of orness using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker second-order sufficiency conditions for optimality. The problem of maximizing an OWA aggregation of a group of variables that are interrelated and constrained by a collection of linear inequalities was first considered by Yager in 1996, where he showed how this problem can be modeled as a mixed integer linear programming problem. In 2003 Carlsson, Fullér and Majlender derived an algorithm for solving the constrained OWA aggregation problem under a simple linear constraint: the sum of the variables is less than or equal to one. In this paper we give a short survey of numerous later works which extend and develop these models.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60207-3_12