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Found 6383 publications

Implications of climate-change-induced stressors and water management for sterlet populations in the Middle and Upper River Danube

Bořek Drozd Ladislav Pekárik Dušan Senko Maroš Kubala Martin Mišík Martin Šindler Gábor Guti

Publication Name: River Research and Applications

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 41

Issue: 2

Page Range: 448-465

Description:

Sturgeons are a group of iconic rheophilic fish whose populations worldwide are currently undergoing significant declines. The study investigates the impact of climate change and anthropogenic activities, particularly the Gabčíkovo barrage system, on the survival and distribution of the sterlet, the last surviving sturgeon species in the Middle and Upper Danube River, specifically in the river part rkm 1708–1920 divided into three river sections: PT1 (Danube river part 1: rkm 1708–Gabčíkovo impoundment), PT2 (Danube river part 2: rkm 1854–1920), and PT3 (Old Danube part 3: rkm 1850–1810). Between years 1996 and 2020, water temperatures in the Danube River (PT1, PT2) rose by over 1°C on average, with the Old Danube (PT3) experiencing an alarming average increase of 3.5°C (df = 2, F = 145.03, p = <2.2e-16). Consequently, suitable sterlet habitat (depth ≥4 m) in the Old Danube (PT3) now covers only 11% of its total area compared with 67% in PT1 and 75% in PT2 (flow rate = 1924.27 m3 s−1) due to altered flow regimes, water levels, and siltation. Sterlets are increasingly caught in an artificial channel below to the Gabčíkovo Hydroelectric Power Plant (80%–90% of annual total catch), suggesting a shift in their distribution patterns. Conversely, there has been a notable decline in sterlet populations in other river sections, including a decrease in a section with moderate ecological status according to Water Frame Directive criteria. In light of these findings, the study proposes several mitigation measures to improve the status of the sterlet population in the area.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/rra.4361

Direct Writing of Quasi-Sinusoidal and Blazed Surface Relief Optical Transmission Gratings in Bi12GeO20, Er: LiNbO3 and Er: Fe: LiNbO3 Crystals by Nitrogen Ion Microbeams of 5 MeV and 10.5 MeV Energy

Gyula Nagy István Bányász György Kármán Ágnes Nagyné Szokol István Rajta Vladimir Havránek István Bányász Robert Magnusson Maria Cinta Pujol

Publication Name: Sensors

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 25

Issue: 3

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

High diffraction efficiency optical transmission gratings with quasi-sinusoidal and saw-tooth surface relief profiles were fabricated in Bi12GeO20, Er: LiNbO3 and Er: Fe: LiNbO3 crystals by ion beam implantation. The gratings were directly written by nitrogen ion microbeams at energies of 5 MeV and 10.5 MeV. The finest grating constant was 4 μm. Grating constants for the majority of the gratings were 16 μm. The highest amplitudes of the gratings reached 1600 nm. The highest first-order diffraction efficiency obtained in a sinusoidal grating was 25%, close to the theoretical maximum of 33%. The highest first-order diffraction efficiency of a blazed grating was also 25%, without Littrow optimization. Such gratings can be incorporated into integrated optical biosensors.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/s25030804

Enhancing Real-Time Video Streaming Quality via MPT-GRE Multipath Network

Naseer Al-Imareen G. Lencse

Publication Name: Electronics Switzerland

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 3

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The demand for real-time 4K video streaming has introduced technical challenges due to the high bandwidth, low latency, and minimal jitter required for high-quality user experience. Traditional single-path networks often fail to meet these requirements, especially under network congestion and packet loss conditions, which degrade video quality and disrupt streaming stability. This study evaluates Multipath tunnel- Generic Routing Encapsulation (MPT-GRE), a technology designed to address these challenges by enabling simultaneous data transmission across multiple network paths. By aggregating bandwidth and adapting dynamically to network conditions, MPT-GRE enhances resilience, maintains quality during network disruptions, and offers throughput nearly equal to the sum of its physical paths’ throughput. This feature ensures that even if one path fails, the technology seamlessly continues streaming through the remaining path, significantly reducing interruptions. We measured key video quality metrics to assess MPT-GRE’s performance: Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR). Our results confirm that the MPT-GRE tunnel effectively improves SSIM, PSNR, and reduces MSE compared to single-path streaming, offering a more stable, high-quality viewing experience. Our results indicate that analyzing the SSIM, MSE, and PSNR values for 4K video streaming using the MPT tunnel demonstrates a significant performance improvement compared to a single path. The improvement percentages of the SSIM and PSNR values for the MPT tunnel are (29.05% and 29.04%) higher than that of the single path, while MSE is reduced by 81.17% compared to the single path.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/electronics14030497

Equivalence and difference of the dual device under test setup and the single device under test setup of RFC 8219

Szabolcs Szilágyi G. Lencse

Publication Name: International Journal of Communication Systems

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 38

Issue: 3

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

RFC 8219 has defined a comprehensive benchmarking methodology for the IPv6 transition technologies. It recommends two kinds of measurement setups: The dual device under test (DUT) setup facilitates the benchmarking of the customer edge (CE) and provider edge (PE) devices together using a legacy RFC 2544 or RFC 5180 Network Performance Tester, whereas the single DUT setup requires a separate technology-specific tester for the benchmarking of each device. As such, special-purpose testers do not exist for the vast majority of the IPv6 transition technologies; the only viable solution can be the usage of the dual DUT setup. In this paper, we investigate if the two kinds of measurement setups provide the same or different results; moreover, we examine how the single DUT measurement results can be estimated from the dual DUT measurement results. To that end, we make theoretical considerations and also perform IPv4 packet forwarding and stateless IP/ICMP translation (SIIT) measurements using both measurement setups and analyze the results of the throughput and latency measurements. It was found that the throughput results of the dual DUT setup could approximate well those of the single DUT setup and their differences followed the predictions of our theoretical considerations. However, the latency results did not always follow the theoretical expectations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/dac.5982

How do economies decarbonize growth under finance-energy inequality? Global evidence

Gagan Deep Sharma Aviral Tiwari Hai Hong Trinh Diem Thi Hong Vo

Publication Name: Energy Economics

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 142

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The study investigates the multidecade complexity between economic growth and carbon emissions across income groups and regions for 180 economies over the past decades. We find that the global economy has been decarbonizing its economic growth. The effects of growth on decarbonization are conditional on outcome distributions. The Paris Agreement (COP21) and renewable energy consumption (REC) are robust mechanisms toward green growth. Financial development (FD) presents its moderation to decarbonized growth. The study makes the following novel contributions to prior literature streams. First, complex GDP-CO2 nexuses are conditional on green factors and decarbonization is foremost for our global inclusive growth. Second, the friendliness of FD to the environment relies on green transition. It is worth noting that financial institutions and markets are exposed to climate risk drivers leading to our great challenge to promote green finance. Decarbonization is our global and constant efforts toward inclusive growth. Under finance-energy inequality, renewable energy capacity and finance are critical to decarbonized economic growth.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2024.108172

Normal wiggly probabilistic hesitant fuzzy-based TODIM approach for optimal solid waste disposal method selection

Dragan Pamucar Jawad Ali

Publication Name: Heliyon

Publication Date: 2025-01-30

Volume: 11

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The normal wiggly probabilistic hesitant fuzzy set (NWPHFS) enhances the conventional probabilistic hesitant fuzzy set (PHFS) by capturing not only explicit probabilistic information but also critical underlying details that may be hidden in the original inputs provided by decision-makers (DMs). This paper introduces a novel extension of the Tomada de Decisão Interativa Multicritério (TODIM) method, called the normal wiggly probabilistic hesitant fuzzy TODIM (NWPHFT) method based on the proposed distance measures of NWPHFSs. Initially, two novel basic operations over NWPHFSs—the subtraction and division operations—are defined. Additionally, several distance measures specific to normal wiggly probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets are developed, and their properties are thoroughly examined. Furthermore, for scenarios where the weights of criteria are partially or completely unknown, two optimization models are established to determine these weights using the maximizing deviation approach and the Lagrange function technique, respectively. Next, the traditional TODIM approach is extended to develop the NWPHFT for addressing MCDM problems by utilizing the proposed distance measures and criteria weight determination models. The proposed method is then applied to a problem related to selecting solid waste disposal methods to demonstrate its practical applicability. Finally, comprehensive sensitivity analyses and comparisons are conducted to illustrate the stability and effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41908

Determinants of ChatGPT adoption among students in higher education: the moderating effect of trust

Morteza Ghobakhloo Mohammad Iranmanesh Behzad Foroughi Nagaletchimee Annamalai Abderahman Rejeb Bita Naghmeh-Abbaspour Madugoda Gunaratnege Senali

Publication Name: Electronic Library

Publication Date: 2025-01-22

Volume: 43

Issue: 1

Page Range: 1-21

Description:

Purpose: ChatGPT is a cutting-edge chatbot powered by artificial intelligence that could revolutionise and advance the teaching and learning process. Drawing on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and information system (IS) success model, this study aims to investigate determinants of students’ intention to use ChatGPT for education purposes. Design/methodology/approach: The partial least squares technique was used to analyse 406 usable data collected from university students in Malaysia. Findings: The results confirmed the relationships between perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), attitude and intention to use proposed by TAM. PU and PEU are influenced by system quality. Surprisingly, trust in information moderates negatively the influences of PEU and PU on attitude. Practical implications: The findings provide insight for higher education institutions, unit instructors and ChatGPT developers on what may promote the use of ChatGPT in higher education. Originality/value: The study contributes to the literature by exploring the determinants of ChatGPT adoption, extending the TAM model by incorporating IS success factors and assessing the moderating effect of trust in information.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1108/EL-12-2023-0293

Multi-Solution Heat Exchanger Network Synthesis for Turbo-Expander-Based Cryogenic CO2 Capture Technology

Ákos Orosz Jaka Sunarso Dhanaraj Turunawarasu Viknesh Andiappan Bing Shen How Yat Choy Wong Ferenc Friedler

Publication Name: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

Publication Date: 2025-01-22

Volume: 64

Issue: 3

Page Range: 1664-1679

Description:

Cryogenic separation of CO2 is a potential technology that can benefit from energy efficiency improvements. However, the current conventional and emerging cryogenic technologies face challenges in terms of high utility consumption. The high utility requirement leads to increasing operational costs and emissions due to the production of required utilities from external energy sources. This issue can be solved if the heat recovery potential of the technology can be realized. Heat recovery enables further improvement in energy efficiency that is required to elevate the feasibility of cryogenic separation. This paper explores heat recovery opportunities between hot and cold streams in a novel cryogenic CO2 capture technology known as Turbo-Expander-based Cryogenic Distillation (CryoDT). This is achieved using P-HENS, a P-graph-based heat exchanger network synthesis tool where multiple feasible heat exchanger network configurations are generated to determine the options that effectively recover process heat to reduce utility consumption. Moreover, the solutions generated by P-HENS are benchmarked with other tools like Aspen Energy Analyzer, by comparing the number of required heat exchangers, along with the associated capital and operating costs. For the predefined hot and cold process streams of the novel technology, the total number of heat exchangers present in the network was lower in the recommended design using P-HENS (i.e., 9 heat exchangers) as opposed to Aspen Energy Analyzer (16 heat exchangers) while maintaining similar energy consumption levels. This indicates that there is a further opportunity to reduce capital costs as a result of less heat exchangers. The CryoDT configuration that is integrated with a heat exchanger network offers significant economic advantages as opposed to other existing cryogenic processes in the market such as the Ryan Holmes and Controlled Freeze Zone (CFZ) processes. Despite its high capital cost, the CryoDT process demonstrates significantly lower operating cost relative to the other two processes. Hence, while the initial investment is substantial, the CryoDT process is much more cost efficient to operate. The low operating cost is attributed to its higher energy efficiency and minimal energy penalties, with only 0.26 GJ/tonne of CO2 compared with 0.82 GJ/tonne of CO2 for the CFZ process and 2.33 GJ/tonne of CO2 for Ryan Holmes. In contrast, the Ryan Holmes process, despite its low capital cost, incurs extremely high annual operational costs, rendering it less economic in the long term. The CFZ process, with its moderate operating cost, presents a balance between capital cost and operational efficiency.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.4c03469

Contribution to the taxonomy of the Rotundabaloghia (Circobaloghia) mites (Acari: Uropodina: Rotundabaloghiidae)

Jenő Kontschán

Publication Name: Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2025-01-21

Volume: 59

Issue: 2

Page Range: 176-186

Description:

Four new Rotundabaloghia (Circobaloghia) species are described from South America and South-East Asia based on the collection of the Natural History Museum, London, UK. Rotundabaloghia (Circobaloghia) salebrosa sp. nov. was collected in Malaysia, Rotundabaloghia (Circobaloghia) bakerae sp. nov. was found in Sarawak (Malaysia), Rotundabaloghia (Circobaloghia) microseta sp. nov. is described from Guyana and Rotundabaloghia (Circobaloghia) peritremata sp. nov. was reported from Borneo (Indonesia).

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/038.2024.00228