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Found 6327 publications
The effects of extraction conditions on the antioxidant activities, total polyphenol and monomer anthocyanin contents of six edible fruits growing wild in Hungary
Publication Name: Heliyon
Publication Date: 2022-12-01
Volume: 8
Issue: 12
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Although wild fruits are significantly underutilized in most countries, they could be good sources of valuable bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties. Therefore the present study focused on the study of a conventional extraction technique (maceration with shaking; MACS ) to extract natural antioxidants and anthocyanin colorants from six edible wild-growing fruits (European crab apple, bilberry, yellow-, red-, and purple-skinned greengage, and quince). One-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) methodology was chosen to investigate the influences of three different parameters (solvent type, extraction time and solvent acidity) on the total polyphenol contents (TPCs), total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA) contents, and antioxidant capacities, specifically ferric reducing power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity (DPPH). After optimization, the recorded TPCs and antioxidant activities proved to be significantly higher for all analyzed fruits when compared to differing extraction conditions. For European crab apple and purple-skinned greengage, the best extraction conditions were a ratio of 80:20 (v/v) EtOH–H2 O, 1% (v/v) of HCOOH, and an extraction time of 90 min. In the case of red-skinned greengage, the extraction parameters were the same as the above except for the acid concentration (0.5%; v/v) used. For quince, the optimized conditions required a 50:50 (v/v) EtOH–H2 O mixture, an extraction time of 90 min, and 0.5% (v/v) HCOOH concentration. The best conditions for the extraction of bilberry and yellow-skinned greengage were an EtOH–H2 O combination of 50:50 (v/v), extraction time of 60 min, and HCOOH concentration of 0.5% (v/v). The highest TPC and antioxidant activity were observed in quince (281–510 mg GAE/100g and 109–395 mg AAE/100g) whereas the lowest were measured in European crab apple (55.9–70.0 mg GAE/100g and 20.1–43.2 mg AAE/100g). Bilberry exhibited the highest TMA content (346 mg CGE/100g). Overall, our results showed that these wild fruits could be a good source of natural antioxidants for the local residents.
Open Access: Yes
The Influence of International Collaboration on the Scientific Impact in V4 Countries
Publication Name: Publications
Publication Date: 2022-12-01
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Several strategies are used by researchers and research facilities to increase their scientific production and consequent research quality. Bibliometric records show that coauthorship and the number of participating organizations in research publications are steadily increasing; however, the effect of collaboration varies across disciplines, and the corresponding author’s country appears to influence research impact. This finding inspired our research question for this study: How does international cooperation affect scientific impact, and does the affiliation of corresponding authors influence citation impact indicators at the level of individual publications? To this end, we provide a comparative evaluation of research articles published in Q1 journals among Visegrad Group countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia) in Medical and Health sciences between 2017 and 2021. The study investigates the relationship between collaboration type (national vs. international) and scientific impact (impact factor of the journal and category normalized citation impact or research papers), as well as the impact of the country of the corresponding author’s affiliation on quantitative quality of individual papers. We show that Q1 research papers in international collaboration have a higher scientific impact than papers published in national partnerships. Moreover, the corresponding authors’ country of affiliation significantly affects scientific impact.
Open Access: Yes
The effect of local samples in the accuracy of mid-infrared (MIR) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) -based spectral prediction models
Publication Name: Precision Agriculture
Publication Date: 2022-12-01
Volume: 23
Issue: 6
Page Range: 2027-2039
Description:
Within the soil spectroscopy community, there is an ongoing discussion addressing the comparison of the performance of prediction models built on a global calibration database, versus a local calibration database. In this study, this issue is addressed by spiking of global databases with local samples. The soil samples were analysed with MIR and XRF sensors. The samples were further measured using traditional wet chemistry methods to build the prediction models for seventeen major parameters. The prediction models applied by AgroCares, the company that assisted in this study, combine spectral information from MIR and XRF into a single ‘fused-spectrum’. The local dataset of 640 samples was split into 90% train and 10% test samples. To illustrate the benefits of using local calibration samples, three separate prediction models were built per element. For each model, 0%, 50% (randomly selected) and 100% of the local training samples were added to the global dataset. The remaining 10% local samples were used for validation. Seventeen soil parameters were selected to illustrate the differences in performance across a range of soil qualities, using the validation set to measure performance. The results showed that many models already exhibit an excellent level of performance (R2 ≥ 0.95) even without local samples. However, there was a clear trend that, as more local calibration samples were added, both R2 and ratio of performance to interquantile distance (RPIQ) increase.
Open Access: Yes
Evaluation of the HoloLens for Medical Applications Using 5G-connected Mobile Devices
Publication Name: Infocommunications Journal
Publication Date: 2022-12-01
Volume: 14
Issue: 4
Page Range: 11-17
Description:
The updated range of models of smart glasses has expanded the availability of augmented reality (AR) technology in a way that opens them up to several applications. The first prototypes have been replaced by new models and vendors offer off-the-shelf solutions. E-health and medical applications have been in focus from the start. Furthermore, the roll-out of 5G technology would enable almost real-time, high-speed and low- latency communication, which would expand the potential uses and ideas. This paper gives a short overview of the current state, focusing on medical applications using smart glasses. The HoloLens glasses were evaluated regarding latency and data rates by using WiFi and the 5G campus network of the university. Results show that the HoloLens may be used in education, training and teleassistance; however, assisting latency-sensitive tasks that require a reliable network connection, ergonomic design, and privacy issues still remain a problem.
Open Access: Yes
The performance of the enterprises in the cultural and creative industries in the Hungarian big cities between 2008 and 2018
Publication Name: Teruleti Statisztika
Publication Date: 2022-12-01
Volume: 62
Issue: 2
Page Range: 218-248
Description:
The creative economy is increasingly becoming more and more important within national economies. The present study aims to examine the performance of partnerships belonging to the creative industrial branches in Hungary between 2008 and 2018. The research questions: What economical potential does creative economy represent in Hungary and in certain large cities? What tendencies do show its temporal changes? What are the professional branches in cities that defy creative economy, and how has their performance changed in the period examined in this study? This analysis deals with partnerships in creative economy present in Budapest, and the 8 cities of Hungary with a population larger than 100 thousand. The statistical analysis is based on the database of Dun&Bradstreet Hungary Kft. The data of companies operating on the last day of the given year were collected based on the valid Unified Sectoral Classification System (TEÁOR) codes and according to the indicated registered office, thus guaranteeing the full national coverage. In the case of headcount data, only reports for the entire calendar year were included in the study based on the statistical headcount for the given year. Research has shown that in the 11-year scope of the study, there were no significant territorial changes in creative economy, Budapest still dominates the landscape, the other 8 cities play minor roles with 11–12 percent according to all organisations. The cities have all had their own development paths in the period studied.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.15196/TS620204
PAVEMENT SENSING SYSTEMS: LITERATURE REVIEW
Publication Name: Civil and Environmental Engineering
Publication Date: 2022-12-01
Volume: 18
Issue: 2
Page Range: 603-630
Description:
In situ monitoring of pavement health has been getting much attention due to the efficiency, reliability and accuracy of data. This review consists of various embedded as well as nondestructive sensing options that have been used to perform analysis on pavement health either by simply calculating horizontal and vertical strains under pavement layers or by crack detection models inside pavement structures by supplementing information from moisture, temperature and traffic related sensors. With optimum integration of such combination sensors, engineers can predict the optimum rehabilitation time of the pavements and reduce a huge amount of budget spent on infrastructure reconstruction.
Open Access: Yes
Incorporating Survey Perceptions of Public Safety and Security Variables in Crime Rate Analyses for the Visegrád Group (V4) Countries of Central Europe
Publication Name: Societies
Publication Date: 2022-12-01
Volume: 12
Issue: 6
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Public governance has evolved in terms of safety and security management, incorporating digital innovation and smart-analytics-based tools to visualize abundant data collections. Urban safety and security are vital social problems that have many branches to be solved, simplified, and improved. Currently, we can see that data-driven insights have often been incorporated into planning, forecasting, and fighting such challenges. The literature has extensively indicated several aspects of solving urban safety problems, i.e., social, technological, administrative, urban, and societal. We have a keen interest in the data analysis and smart analytics options that can be deployed to enhance the presentation, promotional analysis, planning, forecasting, and fighting of these problems. For this, we chose to focus on crime statistics and public surveys regarding victimization and perceptions of crime. As we found through a review, many studies have indicated the vitality of crime rates but not public perceptions in decision-making and planning regarding security. There is always a need for the integration of widespread data insights into unified analyses. This study aimed to answer (1) how effectively we can utilize the crime rates and statistics, and incorporate community perceptions and (2) how promising these two ways of seeing the same phenomena are. For the data analysis, we chose four neighboring countries in Central Europe. We selected CECs, i.e., Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic, and Slovakia, known collectively as the Visegrád Group or V4. The data resources were administrative police statistics and ESS (European Social Survey) statistical datasets. The choice of this region helped us reduce variability in regional dynamics, regime changes, and social control practices.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/soc12060156
Bioactivity assessment, micropollutant and nutrient removal ability of Tetradesmus obliquus cultivated outdoors in centrate from urban wastewater
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Phycology
Publication Date: 2022-12-01
Volume: 34
Issue: 6
Page Range: 2955-2970
Description:
Nutrient and micropollutant removal, and bioactivity were studied in cultures of the green microalga Tetradesmus obliquus MACC-677 grown in centrate from municipal wastewater (WW). Two outdoor units, a thin-layer cascade (TLC) and a thin-layer raceway pond (TL-RWP), were tested for microalgal culturing in batch and semi-continuous regimes where their photosynthetic performance was monitored. The results revealed that the T. obliquus cultures grew well, showing a high specific growth rate µ of 0.31 day−1 and 0.25 day−1 when grown in WW in TLC and TL-RWP, respectively. The cultivation trials showed high nutrient removal efficiency for ammonium nitrogen (98.5%) as well as orthophosphate (89%), the most abundant forms of N and P occurring in municipal WW. The removal of selected pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors (e.g., ibuprofen, amitriptyline, bisphenol A, etc.) was also assessed. Ibuprofen was the most abundant micropollutant detected in the centrate, with concentrations up to 5000 ng L−1 and fast removal during the cultivation. The biomass produced in the centrate revealed antimicrobial activity against plant pathogens, including fungi, oomycota, and bacteria. These findings have shown that the culturing of T. obliquus can be considered a suitable way to contribute to a circular economy, to remove nutrients and micropollutants from municipal WW from which biomass extracts can be further used for plant protection in agriculture.
Open Access: Yes
Linear-Matrix-Inequality-Based Controller and Observer Design for Induction Machine
Publication Name: Electronics Switzerland
Publication Date: 2022-12-01
Volume: 11
Issue: 23
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
The modeling and drive control of electric machines are still actively researched scientific topics. Most of the existing models contain parameters that have no physical content or cannot be measured at all. For this reason, the use of observers in modern drive control algorithms is necessary. The main goal of this paper is to present the mathematical formalism of a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based controller-observer design for a tensor product (TP) transformation-based model, including its implementation in a simulation environment. Based solely upon simulation results, the designed observer can provide a stable and accurate state space variable, regardless of the highly nonlinear induction machine model.
Open Access: Yes
