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Nonequilibrium dynamics of superconductivity in the Hatsugai-Kohmoto model

Ádám Bácsi Balázs Dóra Balázs Dóra

Publication Name: Physical Review B

Publication Date: 2025-02-15

Volume: 111

Issue: 7

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

We study the nonequilibrium dynamics of the superconducting order parameter in the Hatsugai-Kohmoto (HK) model. In the absence of superconductivity, its ground state is a non-Fermi liquid, whose properties are controlled by the HK interaction. Our protocol involves quantum quenching the HK interaction but leaving the interaction responsible for superconductivity unchanged. We map out the nonequilibrium dynamical phase diagram of the interacting model which contains three phases where, at long times, the order parameter amplitude vanishes, approaches a constant value, or persistently oscillates. We also investigate the Loschmidt echo in searching for dynamical quantum phase transition and find that its nonanalytic temporal behavior is close but does not match exactly the vanishing of the order parameter. The momentum space entanglement entropy between positive and negative momentum modes, relevant for Cooper pairing, is calculated. Counterintuitively, this momentum space entanglement does not change significantly during the quench dynamics and its value remains reasonably large even for a vanishing superconducting order parameter. Nevertheless, its derivative with respect to the HK interaction signals the dynamical phase transition associated to the late time vanishing of superconductivity.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.111.075115

Organizational Internal Factors and Sustainable Performance: A Serial Mediation Model

Aemin Nasir Sidra Abid Md Billal Hossain Jorge Alberto Esponda Perez Faisal Ejaz Sarmad Ejaz

Publication Name: Emerging Science Journal

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 1

Page Range: 362-381

Description:

Objective: The present study aims to explore the relationships between big data analytics capability, circular economy practices, and SMEs’ sustainable performance in Pakistan. It investigates notable factors determining SMEs’ sustainable performance, including employees’ perceived usefulness, data-driven culture, and leadership competency mediating the mentioned relationships. Method: The study employs quantitative research based on a positivist philosophy orientation. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed among the employees of 350 SMEs operating in Pakistan’s different regions. Findings: The study's results demonstrated the direct effects of big data analytics capability on sustainable performance, employee perceived usefulness, and data-driven culture. Additionally, circular economy practices influence sustainable performance; employee perceived usefulness and leadership competency. Finally, the results highlighted that each relationship is subject to partial mediation, which indicates the role of employee-perceived usefulness and data-driven culture in the relationship between big data analytics and sustainable performance and employee-perceived usefulness associated with the relationship between circular economy practices and sustainable performance. Novelty: The present study highlights that all three of the previous topics are consistent and significantly contribute to the existing literature by providing a model with the main factors that determine SMEs’ sustainable performance, which can be sufficient for countries’ developing economies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-01-020

The Race to Sustainability: Decoding Green University Rankings Through a Comparative Analysis (2018–2022)

Dragan Pamucar Büşra Ayan Seda Abacıoğlu

Publication Name: Innovative Higher Education

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 50

Issue: 1

Page Range: 241-275

Description:

This study investigates the evolving landscape of green universities by analyzing and comparing rankings from 2018 to 2022. It expands beyond the single score offered by the UI GreenMetric, employing Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques to evaluate universities from diverse perspectives. Focusing on the top 50 universities from 2022, the study assesses their performance across six key criteria: setting and infrastructure, energy and climate change, waste, water, transportation, and education and research. Various MCDM methods (LOPCOW MEREC, CoCoSo, CRADIS, EDAS, MABAC, MAIRCA, and MARCOS) are implemented, revealing how they prioritize different aspects of sustainability. Furthermore, the study examines the correlation between rankings and employs the COPELAND aggregation approach to derive a unified ranking. This investigation not only contrasts MCDM outcomes with the UI GreenMetric’s total score-based rankings but also illuminates the relative significance of each criterion and its variation across weighting techniques. Additionally, the study delves into the temporal dynamics of university rankings, offering insights into institutional performance across different years.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s10755-024-09734-4

Experimental Analysis on the Hysteresis Phenomenon in the Range of Subsynchronous Frequency as a Function of Oil Temperature with Regard to Turbochargers

Csaba Tóth-Nagy Gusztáv Fekete Márk Pesthy Máté Boros

Publication Name: Lubricants

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study presents an experimental analysis of a turbocharger with semi-floating ring bearings, focusing on hysteresis in subsynchronous vibrations. Four automotive oils (SAE 0W-20, SAE 0W-30, SAE 5W-30, SAE 5W-40) were tested across six oil inlet temperatures from 20 °C to 120 °C during ramp-up and ramp-down cycles to examine the effects of lubricant viscosity and temperature on rotor dynamics. Hysteresis and bifurcation points were observed at distinct rotational speeds in both directions, with subsynchronous components providing insights into rotor–lubrication interactions. This study applies the concept of hysteresis loop width for turbocharger rotors, highlighting its nonlinear dependence on oil temperature, an unexpected and unexplained phenomenon. Additionally, the results suggest that vibration sensors could provide real-time feedback on oil supply conditions, offering potential enhancements for turbochargers and other rotating machinery.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/lubricants13020060

Shear buckling behaviour of beams with partial-depth stiffeners at the support

G. Hajdú Hartmut Pasternak

Publication Name: Thin Walled Structures

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 207

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This paper presents the findings from experimental tests and numerical simulations on plate girders with various end post configurations. While EN 1993-1-5:2024 provides design rules for both rigid and non-rigid end posts, it does not address the shear resistance of partially stiffened webs. The use of partial-depth stiffeners faces risks due to the lack of thorough investigation into their mechanical behaviour. To explore this issue, small numbered experimental tests and large numbered parametric studies on beams with different web slenderness were conducted using advanced numerical simulations. The results indicated that the shear buckling capacity of girders is lower than the design recommendation when the web stiffener height is <50 % of the web height. For girders with full-height stiffeners, EN 1993-1-5:2024 yields safe results. The accuracy of the EN 1993-1-5:2024 design rule for partially stiffened beams was also evaluated and new and shear buckling design curves were proposed for girders with partial-depth stiffeners.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2024.112622

Positive and Negative Expectations Associated with Coffee and Energy Drinks: Implications for Placebo–Nocebo Research in Sports

Ricardo de la Vega Marcos Roberto Ruíz-Barquín Celal Bulgay Ernest Yeboah Acheampong Angéla Somogyi Merve Uca Attila Szabo

Publication Name: Nutrients

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background: Nutritional expectations have been shown to influence exercise performance via placebo and nocebo effects. The present study aimed to evaluate performance-enhancement expectations for coffee and energy drinks using the Stanford Expectations of Treatment Scale. Methods: A total of 402 participants (48.5% male) with an average exercise history of 4.53 years, engaging in average physical activity 3.91 times per week, were included in the study. Data collection was conducted through the Qualtrics platform. Results: Participants exhibited significantly higher positive expectations for coffee compared to energy drinks (p = 0.002), whereas negative expectations were more pronounced for energy drinks than for coffee (p < 0.001). Males and individuals engaging in anaerobic exercise expressed more positive expectations for energy drinks than females and those participating in aerobic or mixed exercise regimens. Additionally, high-frequency exercisers (≥4 sessions per week) reported greater positive expectations for both beverages and fewer negative expectations for coffee than low-frequency exercisers (≤3 sessions per week). Correlational analyses revealed weak but significant associations between expectations and variables such as exercise history, frequency, intensity, and age. Conclusions: The findings suggest that coffee is perceived as a more effective performance enhancer and exhibits greater placebo-inducing potential than energy drinks, which may elicit stronger nocebo effects. These group-specific perceptions should be considered by trainers, coaches, and researchers when addressing placebo–nocebo mechanisms in the context of sports and exercise.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/nu17040628

Robust 3D multi-material hydrodynamics using discontinuous Galerkin methods

József Bakosi Jacob Waltz Aditya Pandare Weizhao Li Hong Luo

Publication Name: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 97

Issue: 2

Page Range: 188-209

Description:

A high-order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method is presented for nonequilibrium multi-material ((Formula presented.)) flow with sharp interfaces. Material interfaces are reconstructed using the algebraic THINC approach, resulting in a sharp interface resolution. The system assumes stiff velocity relaxation and pressure nonequilibrium. The presented DG method uses Dubiner's orthogonal basis functions on tetrahedral elements. This results in a unique combination of sharp multimaterial interfaces and high-order accurate solutions in smooth single-material regions. A novel shock indicator based on the interface conservation condition is introduced to mark regions with discontinuities. Slope limiting techniques are applied only in these regions so that nonphysical oscillations are eliminated while maintaining high-order accuracy in smooth regions. A local projection is applied on the limited solution to ensure discrete closure law preservation. The effectiveness of this novel limiting strategy is demonstrated for complex three-dimensional multi-material problems, where robustness of the method is critical. The presented numerical problems demonstrate that more accurate and efficient multi-material solutions can be obtained by the DG method, as compared to second-order finite volume methods.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/fld.5340

The effect of mint addition on the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of strawberry sorbets

E. Lakatos Székelyhidi Rita Beatrix Sik Zsófia Tóth

Publication Name: Food Chemistry X

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 26

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The study aimed to produce, analyse, and evaluate the consumer acceptance of a functional peppermint-, and spearmint-enriched (0.5,1,2 %) sorbet, which contains only natural substances in its composition, to meet today's popular health-conscious consumer trends. Regarding acid composition, the sorbets contained malic acid, succinic acid, and citric acid. Sorbets regarded of water-soluble sugars, contained sucrose in the lowest concentration, followed by glucose, and the amount of fructose, which is typical for fruits, was the highest. The sorbets' TPC and TAC contents were determined to be between 510.72 and 743.77 mg GAE/kg, and 906.64 and 1137.67 mg AAE/kg respectively. The average melting rate of the desserts was 0.16–0.22 g/min, and based on consumer acceptance, the control and the samples added with 0.5 % spearmint and peppermint mint were the most favorable. The sorbets containing 1 % and 2 % mint had too intense menthol flavor, thus the enjoyment value of the products was reduced based on consumer feedback.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102271

Flowering Synchronization Using Artificial Light Control for Crossbreeding Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) with Varied Flowering Times

Gergő Somody Zoltán Molnár

Publication Name: Plants

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), one of the earliest domesticated crops, has diverse applications in textiles, construction, nutrition, and medicine. Breeding advancements, including speed breeding, accelerate genetic improvements in crops by optimizing environmental conditions for reduced generation times. This study employed greenhouse and field experiments to develop a proprietary yellow-stemmed hemp germplasm with a unique stem trait. Initial crossbreeding between the late Eletta Campana (medium green stems) and the early Chamaeleon (yellow stems) demonstrated the recessive monogenic inheritance of the yellow-stem trait and fast and safe stabilization even in the case of parent varieties with different flowering times. Controlled flowering in the case of photoperiod-sensitive genotypes, manual pollination, and successive backcrossing stabilized the yellow-stem trait over six cycles, with 100% trait consistency achieved by the fifth cycle within just 12 months in total. Open-field trials validated greenhouse results, showing strong correlations between visual stem color assessments and visible atmospherically resistant index (VARI) obtained through remote sensing imagery. Cannabinoid analyses indicated significant reductions in tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content while maintaining optimal cannabidiol (CBD) levels. Accumulated growing degree days (GDDs) optimized flowering and maturity, ensuring consistency in phenological traits. This research highlights the utility of speed breeding and chemical analysis to accelerate trait stabilization and improve industrial hemp’s agronomic potential for fiber and CBD production while adhering to regulatory THC limits.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/plants14040594