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Publications - 6374

Analysing the Environmental Durability and Chrysotile Content of Asbestos Cement Products by FT-IR Spectroscopy

András Torma Gergely Zoltán Macher Dóra Beke

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 709-714

Description:

The aim of this paper is to examine the environmental resistance and chrysotile content of different asbestos cement products and to prove the relationship between these two factors by analytical results. The paper includes Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic analysis of asbestos cement pipes and asbestos cement products with corrugated and flat characteristics. The methodology of the study is based on FT-IR spectroscopy and general statistical approaches, and the results obtained are compared using correlation analysis. The background to the topic is that asbestos cement products are still widely used today despite their harmful effects on health, contrary to European Union asbestos-free targets. A damaged and eroded asbestos cement product loses several grams of asbestos and cement per year from its matrix structure, which is exacerbated by exposure to various environmental influences. The match rate of the chrysotile spectrum for analysed samples has been over 50 % in each case. In the number of measurements, the chrysotile detection rate was 7.64 % higher for degraded and eroded samples. In addition, in the samples exposed to environmental factors, the percentage variance was approximately 10 % or higher, with the exception of asbestos cement pipes. The results provide a basis for situational awareness options. Analytic practitioners, material science researchers, and analysts can use them.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114119

Technological and antioxidant characteristics of milk curds coagulated with fresh fig latex under different coagulation conditions

E. Lakatos V. Kapcsándi Székelyhidi Rita Beatrix Sik

Publication Name: Applied Food Research

Publication Date: 2026-06-01

Volume: 6

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Plant-derived milk coagulants have received growing attention as natural alternatives to rennet, yet limited information is available regarding the technological and antioxidant characteristics of curds produced with Ficus carica latex. This study evaluated the milk-clotting ability of fresh Ficus carica latex and its influence on the physicochemical, textural, and antioxidant properties of milk curds produced under different coagulation conditions (latex dosage: 200–300 µL; pH: 5.8–6.2; temperature: 32–45 °C). Coagulation time ranged from 15 min (45 °C, pH 6.2, 300 µL) to 52 min (32 °C, pH 5.8, 300 µL). Fig latex did not markedly affect final pH (6.00–6.11), and the highest curd yield (15.0 %) was achieved with 300 µL latex at 45 °C and pH 5.8, while the rennet-induced sample yielded 15.9 % under standard conditions. Latex addition significantly increased TPC values (up to 374 mg GAE/kg), whereas 200 µL resulted in lower TPC levels (149 mg GAE/kg). Fig latex–induced curds exhibited distinct mechanical properties, with generally lower hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness values than the rennet-induced curd. Therefore, Ficus carica latex may represent a potential plant-derived milk coagulant, particularly for applications in fresh or soft-type cheeses, and the results suggest that antioxidant-related properties of curds can be enhanced without additional enrichment steps.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.afres.2026.101865

Energy Efficient Drive Management of Lightweight Urban Vehicle

Zoltan Pusztai Ferenc Szauter Ferenc Friedler

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 103

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 253-258

Description:

In this paper, the energy saving effect of optimized driving strategy is presented and compared to human driving strategy. The driving strategy of a one-seated experimental electric vehicle is investigated and optimized in this study, where the objective function of optimization is the minimization of the consumed energy. Measurement-based vehicle model is used during the optimization process. The initialization and constraints of optimization are set up by analyzing the acquired vehicle data of the driver. The analyzation is done using a transform algorithm, making the initialization of optimization automated. Genetic algorithm is used with mixed initial population acquired from measured driving data and from creation function. Using this hybrid initial population helped to decrease the time of optimization. The resulted velocity profile of the optimized driving strategy was used in field test measurements, where 4.28% energy savings was achieved compared to the results prior to optimization.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23103043

Sustainable Cities by Collaborative Last Mile Parcel Delivery - Live Example Insight

Edit Süle Csilla Bartucz

Publication Name: Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Part F2516

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 457-468

Description:

The restrictive measures during the Covid pandemic resulted in an unexpected growth in e-commerce, which growth has continued since the epidemic. The growth of e-commerce also increased the number of last mile parcel delivery transactions. The growth of last mile parcel logistics also resulted in an increasing number of cars, emissions and traffic problems. City governments introduce restrictive measures against increased environmental burdens, which imposes an additional burden on parcel logistics providers. Collaboration among last-mile service providers can assist boost productivity while at the same time lowering harmful environmental effects. However, there is little service provider cooperation in this industry. This study analyses the development of cooperation between service providers based on an examination of a Central-Eastern European Courier, Express, Parcel (CEP) market, which has market characteristics that can be referred to as typical for this area such as: a small number of dominant service providers; a large number of small service providers who are usually subcontractors of the dominant ones; individualistic operation. The market structure of the example country being presented is oligopoly, which is typical of the CEP market of the countries in the region. The analysis of the Hungarian market is supplemented by the creation of a model that simulates cooperation, which shows that the quantity of delivery vehicles, the distance travelled by the trucks, and the degree of environmental impact brought on by all of this can be decreased.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-48532-9_42

CONTRIBUTION OF MODERN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS TO SECURING SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS DURING THE WAR AGAINST UKRAINE

Laszlo Vasa Leonid Melnyk Oleksandr Kubatko Inna Koblianska Leonid Melnyk Pavlo Hrytsenko

Publication Name: Problems and Perspectives in Management

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 23

Issue: 2

Page Range: 921-937

Description:

The modern industrial revolutions have significantly influenced social and political landscapes, prompting critical inquiries into the security and integrity of socio-economic systems, particularly in the context of military confrontation. This paper investigates the role of disruptive technologies associated with Industries 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 in safeguarding socio-economic systems amid the ongoing russian war against Ukraine. The paper highlights how modern technologies have bolstered system resilience and adaptability by examining progress in green energy, transport transition, and the development of digital infrastructure and services before the war. Green energy and transport technologies have been instrumental in decentralization, energy networking, compensating for energy losses, and mitigating disruptions caused by the war. The proliferation of electric vehicles and the expansion of charging infrastructure have significantly reduced the potential impact of aggression, facilitating evacuations and supporting essential services during fuel shortages. Digital technologies have played a crucial role in ensuring continued access to education, employment, and communication, thereby strengthening societal resilience and reinforcing human capital, a key factor in socio-economic system security. This marks a shift from a technocratic to a system-synergistic, human-centered security model, where human capital becomes a core determinant of resilience, and technologies evolve from mere tools into integral elements of a sustainable socio-economic structure. Nevertheless, challenges related to technological dependencies, such as supply chain vulnerabilities and cyber threats, require further investigation in future research.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.21511/ppm.23(2).2025.67

Mechanical and Metallographic Characterization of GGV30 Vermicular Cast Iron applied in Road and Railway Vehicles

Szabolcs Fischer Szabolcs Szalai András Lajos Nagy László Pálfi Ágnes Pálfiné Böröcz

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 23

Issue: 1

Page Range: 197-213

Description:

This study focuses on the mechanical characterization of GGV30 vermicular cast iron. GGV30 has gained increasing recognition in the automotive and railway industries, particularly for its use in critical components, like brake discs and clutch parts. Given the demanding nature of these applications, a thorough understanding of the material's mechanical properties and their variations under different operating conditions is essential to ensuring reliability and performance. A comprehensive review of various testing methods is provided, to analyze the mechanical behaviors of GGV30. These methods assess key parameters such as strength, durability and hardness, which are crucial for evaluating suitability, for automotive applications. By conducting these investigations, this study lays the foundation for future machining tests, offering valuable data from the workpiece perspective. This approach enhances the testing process, by identifying critical factors, reducing redundant experiments and optimizing the overall assessment of the material's performance.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Towards Sustainability in the Automotive Industry – Circular Economic Practices of the Audi Group

Sándor Remsei Gabriella Imre

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 211-216

Description:

Circular Economy is an economic concept that aims to maximise resource efficiency and minimise waste generation by recycling, reusing, remanufacturing, and repairing products to extend their lifespan and extract maximum value from them. Historically, the automotive industry has not focused on sustainable practices. In the last decade, automotive manufacturers have increasingly adopted circular economy practices driven by a combination of environmental concerns, resource scarcity, regulatory pressures, consumer demand, and the pursuit of new business opportunities. By embracing circularity, the industry aims to reduce its environmental impact, optimise resource use, and build a more sustainable and resilient future. The paper provides a review to present the concept of circular economy and to evaluate its current state in the automotive industry. The case study aims to provide a glimpse into the initiatives and strategies being made by the Audi Group to become circular. The research is descriptive and includes mainly qualitative methods using a content analysis of corporate sustainability reports, websites, and interviews to gather data.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107036

Green Generation(s): the Generational Peculiarities of the Environmental Attitude

Nikolett Gyurián Nagy Nikolett Gyurián Nagy

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 199-204

Description:

Making consumption sustainable has become indispensable nowadays and is a necessary step in development. Several studies are dealing with the environmental attitude of consumers. Scientists are interested in the generational differences as well. However, there is still a gap that proves the difference between generations. More studies have examined how age affects environmental values. For example, this topic was examined in 6 countries between 1991 and 2017 in the framework of the European Values Study (EVS). Nowadays, generation Z may be regarded as the most environment-conscious. On the other hand, different results also came to light, which proves that however apparent the environmental efforts of generations Z and Y are, they still do not occupy the first rank in reducing the ecological footprint. The aim of the study is that based on a sample consisting of 2224 Hungarian people, an answer can be given to the question of whether age can really determine environmental attitude and whether generational differences occur in „thinking green”. The focus of the study is the wide-range examination of the environmental attitude. The basis of the study is, for example, socially conscious consumer behaviour and ecologically conscious consumer behaviour. Besides this, such background factors also appear in the study, which may affect the attitude and behaviour, such as optimism, pessimism, motives and other influencing factors.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107034

Tejsavbaktérium-izolátumok egyes probiotikus tulajdonságainak in vitro vizsgálata

Judit Süle Zoltán Hatvan Z. Kerényi László Varga

Publication Name: Elelmiszervizsgalati Kozlemenyek

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 69

Issue: 1

Page Range: 4337-4349

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.52091/EVIK-2023/1-2-HUN