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Publications - 6374

Laser powder deposition of tool steels: Strategies leading to homogeneous parts

Lino Costa Tamás Réti R. Vilar

Publication Name: Materials Science Forum

Publication Date: 2006-01-01

Volume: 514-516

Issue: PART 1

Page Range: 739-743

Description:

The microstructure and properties of tool steel parts built by laser powder deposition (LPD) depend considerably on the build-up strategy and on the processing parameters used. This dependence can lead to inconsistent results which may limit the widespread acceptance of LPD. There is, thus, a need for efficient process optimisation tools that take into consideration the complex phase transformations that may occur during the part build-up process and their effect on final properties. A model coupling finite element heat transfer calculations with transformation kinetic theory has been developed, which allows the microstructure and property distributions in parts produced by LPD to be predicted. Application of this model to the deposition of tool steels not only explains the origin of the heterogeneous distribution of properties usually mentioned in the literature but also allows designing build-up strategies that consistently lead to homogeneous, high quality parts. Its application to the study of the influence of substrate pre-heating and idle time between the deposition of consecutive layers is illustrated in the present paper.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.739

E-learning based distance education at szechenyi istvan university

L. Nyeki M. Kovacs Z. Letray

Publication Name: Innovations in E Learning Instruction Technology Assessment and Engineering Education

Publication Date: 2007-12-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 429-432

Description:

The paper describes our experiences of e-learning based distance education of transport engineer, engineer manager and economist students. © 2007 Springer.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6262-9_74

Non-associative fuzzy flip-flop with dual set-reset feature

Rita Lovassy Laszlo T. Koczy

Publication Name: Sisy 2006 4th Serbian Hungarian Joint Symposium on Intelligent Systems

Publication Date: 2006-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 289-299

Description:

J-K flip-flops are the most general elementary units in sequential digital circuits. By extending Boolean operations to their respective fuzzy counterparts various fuzzy flipflops (F3) can be defined. Because of the axiomatic properties of fuzzy operations are considerably weaker then the properties satisfied by Boolean lattices, the minterm and maxterm type definitions of the same F3 are as a rule not equivalent. In former work we found a unique exception where simulation investigations lead to identical results for all parameter combinations examined. The base of this unique F3 is a pair of non-associative fuzzy connectives. In this paper the exact proof is given for the identity of the two definitions, i.e., for the uniqueness of the definition of this special non-associative F3.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Issues in video-based data collection of traffic flows

Richárd Horváth Balázs Horváth Dilshad Mohammed

Publication Name: European Transport Studies

Publication Date: 2026-12-01

Volume: 3

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Detectors, such as object detectors and motion detectors, are increasingly promising technologies with applications across various industries, including medicine, agriculture, autonomous vehicle driving, and traffic monitoring. They offer significant advantages over traditional image classifiers. One such advantage is their ability to provide detailed and accurate records of traffic activity, crucial for transportation planning and engineering decisions, thus enhancing the safety and efficiency of transportation systems. In this article, we introduce a method utilizing a simple camera to identify moving vehicles, collect data on following distance, and measure speed, offering a low-cost solution for traffic monitoring. This approach has the potential to significantly improve traffic management in both urban and rural areas, addressing the pressing need for efficient transportation systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.ets.2026.100051

Providing Decent, Affordable, and Sustainable Housing: Analysing Environmental Impacts of Family Houses Built with Conventional and Unconventional Building Materials

Zoltán Major Herta Mária Czédli Cecilia Szigeti Áron Szennay Róbert Horváth

Publication Name: Environmental Footprints and Eco Design of Products and Processes

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Part F3205

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 105-126

Description:

The construction industry is considered an activity responsible for both significant CO2 emissions and material flows. Providing affordable, decent, and sustainable habitats is, however, a fundamental human need. Therefore, the chapter aims to analyse the environmental impacts of construction and energy upgrades of detached family dwellings typical in Hungary. For the analysis of environmental impact, the concept of ecological footprint (EF) was used. The main advantages of this method are that (1) results can be compared to the upper limits of sustainability, (2) figures are rather easy to understand for each stakeholder, and (3) the concept may take into consideration all impacts of human activities. The chapter, however, analyses only the EF of material use of constructions. The sample consists of data on five detached family houses, representing the housing in Hungary: (1) a new two-storey family house with a gable roof, (2) a new family house made of timber, and (3) an energy upgrade of a typical family dwelling built between 1950 and 1990, called “Hungarian cube”. The results show that the construction of new detached family dwellings has a significantly higher ecological footprint than renovating an existing one. Using non-conventional construction materials (e.g. timber), however, can decrease the ecological footprint of construction, but useful lifetime should be considered more deeply in this case. Volatile energy prices have highlighted the importance of the energy efficiency of the housing stock. Newly built dwellings have outstanding insulation and, therefore, have nearly zero emission during operation, but they are not the means of affordable housing due to their construction costs, and the construction itself has a significant environmental impact which is not outweighed by the energy savings during the useful lifetime. Therefore, retrofitting and even extension of dwellings can better contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-63057-6_6

Expanded Applicability: Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning-Based Traffic Signal Control in a Variable-Sized Environment

Bálint Kővári Bálint Pelenczei István Gellért Knáb László Palkovics Tamás Bécsi

Publication Name: Proceedings of the International Conference on Informatics in Control Automation and Robotics

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 2

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 15-25

Description:

During the development of modern cities, there is a strong demand articulated for the sustainability of progress. Since transportation is one of the main contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, the modernization and efficiency of transportation are key issues in the development of livable cities. Increasing the number of lanes does not always provide a solution and often is not feasible for various reasons. In such cases, Intelligent Transportation Systems are applied primarily in urban environments, mostly in the form of Traffic Signal Control. The majority of modern cities already employ adaptive traffic signals, but these largely utilize rule-based algorithms. Due to the stochastic nature of traffic, there arises a demand for cognitive decision-making that enables event-driven characteristics with the assistance of machine learning algorithms. While there are existing solutions utilizing Reinforcement Learning to address the problem, further advancements can be achieved in various areas. This paper presents a solution that not only reduces emissions and enhances network throughput but also ensures universal applicability regardless of network size, owing to individually tailored state representation and rewards.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5220/0012920800003822

Implicit extension of Taylor series method with numerical derivatives for initial value problems

G. Y. Molnarka E. M. Miletics

Publication Name: Computers and Mathematics with Applications

Publication Date: 2005-10-01

Volume: 50

Issue: 7

Page Range: 1167-1177

Description:

The Taylor series method is one of the earliest analytic-numeric algorithms for approximate solution of initial value problems for ordinary differential equations. The main idea of the rehabilitation of this algorithms is based on the approximate calculation of higher derivatives using well-known finite-difference technique for the partial differential equations. The approximate solution is given as a piecewise polynomial function defined on the subintervals of the whole interval integration. This property offers different facility for adaptive error control. This paper describes several explicit Taylor series algorithms with numerical derivatives and their implicit extension and examines its consistency and stability properties. The implicit extension based on a collocation term added to the explicit truncated Taylor series and the approximate solution obtained as a continuously differentiable piecewise polynomials function. Some numerical test results is presented to prove the efficiency of these new-old algorithm. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.camwa.2005.08.017

Examination of welded joint of titanium alloy used in oral surgery

K. Kulcsár J. Kónya Hajnalka Hargitai

Publication Name: Iop Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering

Publication Date: 2020-08-25

Volume: 903

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The additive manufacturing of customized Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 23) implants, which in the present research concerns the dental and maxillofacial surgical field, may require complex manufacturing technology due to their complexity and assembly. In practice, additively manufactured titanium implant elements are supplemented by threaded sleeves that allow disassembly. These turned elements made from Grade 5 material quality rolled preform are joined by laser micro-welding with Grade 1 material. This special process for implant production is still not widespread in current manufacturing practice, and there is no technical recommendation for the manufacturing parameters of these implants. The aim of our research is to explore the possibilities and limitations of additive process in the manufacture of custom-made implants and to provide guidelines for optimal manufacturing and welding parameters. In the initial phase of the research, preliminary experiments were conducted with the conventional and additive manufacturing of cylindrical test specimens and with the production of combined products by micro-welding. The specimens were subjected to tensile testing, the weld was examined by CT, and the fracture surfaces were studied by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/903/1/012016

Dual TYK2/JAK1 Inhibition by Brepocitinib Reprograms Synoviocyte Pathobiology: Mechanistic Insights Into Targeted Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis

U. Saeed Z. Z. Piracha Surya M. Nauli Andromeda M. Nauli

Publication Name: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Publication Date: 2026-12-01

Volume: 25

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by synovial hyperplasia, persistent inflammation, and joint destruction. Targeted inhibition of intracellular signaling pathways, such as JAK-STAT, has improved RA treatment outcomes, though safety and selectivity remain as concerns. Brepocitinib, a dual TYK2/JAK1 inhibitor, has shown clinical efficacy in the management of autoimmune diseases, yet its mechanistic impact on synoviocytes remains underexplored. Objectives: To investigate the molecular and functional effects of brepocitinib on MH7A and RA-FLS synoviocytes, a key effector cell type in RA pathogenesis. Methods: MH7A and RA-FLS cells were treated with brepocitinib (0.5 µM, 1 µM, and 5 µM) for 24 hours. Cell viability was assessed. Western blotting was used to examine phosphorylation of TYK2, JAK1, STAT1/3, and apoptotic markers (BAX, BCL-2, caspase-3). Quantitative PCR and ELISA were performed to evaluate mRNA and protein levels, respectively, of IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. Wound healing assays measured synoviocyte migration. Results: Brepocitinib maintained ≥ 85% cell viability across all doses, compared with ~20% viability in doxorubicin-treated controls. At 5 µM, phosphorylation of JAK1 and STAT3 was suppressed by > 80%, while TYK2 and STAT1 inhibition reached ~70%. IL-6 and TNF-α transcripts were reduced by > 80% and IFN-γ by ~70%, with corresponding decreases in secreted cytokines (IL-6: 100 pg/mL to 20 pg/mL; TNF-α: 150 pg/mL to 15 pg/mL; IFN-γ: 41 pg/mL to 11 pg/mL). Brepocitinib shifted the BAX/BCL-2 ratio fourfold in favor of apoptosis and increased cleaved caspase-3 levels to ~80% of maximal response. Functionally, it reduced wound closure from ~75% in controls to ~20% at 5 µM, confirming potent inhibition of synoviocyte migration. Conclusions: Brepocitinib exerts multi-faceted effects on RA synoviocytes by simultaneously inhibiting inflammatory signaling, suppressing cytokine expression, restoring apoptotic sensitivity, and reducing migratory potential. These findings provide mechanistic support for brepocitinib as a targeted therapeutic agent in RA.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-166019